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Alchemy Archives Index
Alchemy Patents
CN106801147 -- Gold and silver occult technique
CN1129257 -- Mercury-free alchemy and equipment thereof
CN2171833 -- Energy-saving alchemy crucible furnace
CN2449707 -- Ceramic alchemy device
CN102121789 -- Smelting furnace
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CN106801147
Gold and silver occult technique
Inventor(s): LIAO YINGold and silver occult technique
The invention discloses a gold and silver occult technique. The alchemy is inherited, the gold and silver occult technique is composed of oxalic acid H2C2O4.2H2O, urea(NH2)2CO, sal ammoniac NH4Cl and saltpeter KNO3, and the specific formula proportion of the four drugs is 1:2:1:1. Gold and silver precious metal complex compounds can be purified from gold generation minerals through a water-fire kanli agent, sheet iron, borax and illumination reaction chemometry three-time reduction is achieved, gold(gold elixir) and silver(silver elixir) extraction is not dreams any longer, and a complete great change is achieved on the high-and-new science and technology precious metal mining industry metallurgy history.
Abstract Gold and silver alchemy, I inherited the alchemy invention from the oxalic acid H2C2O4 · 2H2O, urea (NH2) 2CO, strontium sand NH4Cl and saltpeter KNO3 composed of four flavors of specific formula ratio of 1:2:1:1, from the gold minerals Purification of gold and silver precious metal complexes by water and fire, and iron, borax, photochemical stoichiometry 3 times reduction, purification of gold (Jindan), silver (Platinum) is not a dream, is a high-tech science A great revolution in the history of technical precious metals mining and metallurgy.
Nowadays, I have also invented the method of purifying gold (Golden Dan) and Silver (Platinum Dan), which refers to the field of alchemy mineral gold by the water separation method or the fire method to purify gold and silver.
Background technique:
Pre-national invention patents A method for purifying thousands of gold and silver has its technical disadvantages: it extracts gold, silver ore and then oxalic acid with strong water to reduce the gold content to 0.25% and the silver content to 0.45% to 100%. The weight is 0.5 grams of thousands of gold and 0.9 grams of milli-silver, but the method is strong water from industrial hydrochloric acid HCl: industrial nitric acid HNO3: industrial sulfuric acid H2SO4 takes the value of 1 ~ 3: 1: 0.5 ~ 1, or with oxalic acid 1 ~ Two parts of the purification of thousands of gold, thousands of silver, due to hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid three liquid strong acid can generally be purchased in large cities and expensive 35 yuan / bottle, so transport is not convenient, and the solution releases a large amount of reaction heat during the preparation process, When using ceramic pots that are not resistant to sudden changes, it is easy to cause accidents and is not safe. Also, because the three acids are outdated, the old technology separately purifies gold and silver ore. The precious metal products are thousands of gold and thousands of silver. In the market, very few users need to purchase expensive 580 yuan / gram thousand gold and 35 yuan / gram thousand silver.
Many scientists in ancient times and specialized in alchemy silversmiths dreamed of making gold and silver. For example, the ancient Chinese alchemy fox family has done a detailed study on Huang Baizhu: mixing mercury and medicinal herbs, and then mixing the hardware into the smelt, but Fox Gang has never succeeded in refining the real gold. It is copper gold and silver. For example, Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty, also made a careful study on Huang Baishu in his later years. He used medicine to make gold, silver and copper. These ancient people have been divided into silver furnaces to separate gold, silver and copper to produce gold and silver. Another example is that ancient Western countries specializing in the use of aqua regia and sodium cyanide for alchemy are very fashionable. Many royal palaces and nobles are engaged in alchemy. For example, scientists Newton gave up scientific research in his later years, specialized in alchemy, and finally made copper. In the case of quality gold, Western countries will not use silver technology to produce silver. They only make gold and silver, and the dreams of alchemists who have realized in their later years have created alchemy and alchemy. Whether it is ancient alchemy in China or alchemy in Western countries, the technical disadvantages of these two methods are that the fire water does not produce high-quality copper and silver.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of my invention is to provide a high-tech method for purifying gold and silver from the alchemy mineral gold by the above-mentioned pre-patent and ancient technical defects.
In order to separate and purify pure gold and pure silver from the raw materials of alchemy drugs, the inventors conducted industrial tests using the following technical solutions:
According to the revelation of ancient alchemy in China, the inventors have studied the purification of gold and silver for fifteen years, and determined that some alchemy drugs can be refined to purify pure gold and silver. The secret recipe of alchemy is preferably oxalic acid chemical composition H2C2O4· 2H2O content is 40%, urea chemical composition (NH2)2CO content is 99%, strontium sand chemical composition NH4Cl content is 99%, and saltpeter chemical composition KNO3 content is 99%. The specific formula ratio of the four-flavored alchemy drug in the operation is 1: 2:1:1, the reducing drug used consists of iron tablets, borax, and the amount of light reaction is 3 times the stoichiometric amount. The gold and silver (platinum) are purified by water fire.
The inventor of the present invention mines gold ore in the alluvial layer of the dry river, and measures 30% of gold, 40% of silver, and 30% of impurities such as silica by spectroscopy, and after smashing, sieving and mixing, using a pot of pottery Fill the water, take the gold ore powder, wash it with a spoonful of shovel, and remove the impurities as the water rotates up and down. The gold and silver chips sink to the bottom and discard the water. Take the gold and silver chips in the solid-liquid ratio of 8:1, take the alchemy alchemy drug oxalic acid: urea: 硇 sand: salt stone value 1: 2: 1:1 total 20g beaker, add 8 times of water, stir evenly, adjust PH =7.0, capping, placed on the fire for 35 minutes to boil, and then extracted for 15 minutes, the gold is completely reacted by the sulphate oxidation to form a solution of urea oxalic acid niobium nitrate and nitrate into the solution, and the silver dissolved in the prescription reacts with the strontium sand. Impurities such as silver chloride and silica precipitate a layer of white matter at the bottom of the pot. Filtration of the gold oxalic acid urea sand and saltpeter complex solution using a stoichiometric 3 times iron sheet to reduce the gold precipitation, the silver precipitated silver at the bottom of the pot is placed in a coal stove and reduced to pure silver by a stoichiometric 3 times iron sheet. In this way, gold and silver are purified from the raw gold through the water and fire.
The beneficial effects of my invention:
Compared with the pre-invention patent purifying thousand-foot gold and thousand-foot silver, the inventors purify the true gold and silver method by adding oxalic acid, ammonium salt, urea sand and oxidant saltpeter to form a four-flavor solid alchemy drug, which is easy to purchase at a local price of 17 yuan/kg. When it is convenient to transport and is prepared in a ceramic pot with high temperature resistance, since the four alchemy drugs are solid and the reaction heat is not released, the inventor's advanced high-tech science and technology can mature and separate the gold from the mineral gold. Silver; pure gold and pure silver have softer properties. With the continuous advancement of modern high-tech, the industry is widely used in artificial flying saucers, aerospace, aviation, electronics, telecommunications, and gold and silver vessels, so there are more and more users in the market. Purchase cheaper 350 yuan / gram of pure gold Au and 10 yuan / gram of pure silver Ag.
Compared with the synthetic gold and symbiotic silver produced by ancient Chinese alchemy yellow atractylodes and Western national alchemy, the inventors realized high-tech science and technology for purifying gold and silver alchemy alchemy drugs when they were young, and were able to mature from raw gold minerals. The stagnation of water and fire is not only a dream, but also a great revolution in the history of high-tech science and technology precious metal mining and metallurgy.
Detailed ways:
The method for separating and purifying gold and silver from the alchemy mineral gold of the present inventors is further illustrated below with reference to FIG. 1 as follows:
Example 1. Purification of gold in Figure 1:
The inventor mines 30% gold-bearing gold ore in the alluvial strata of the dry river. After crushing, sieving and mixing, use a pot of pottery pot to remove half of the water and take gold ore. Handcuffs 1 gram of sand washed, impurities are separated and removed as the water rotates up and down, the gold chips sink to the bottom, discard the sand water. Take the gold shavings in the solid-liquid ratio of 8:1, take the square four-flavored alchemy oxalic acid: urea: 硇 sand: saltpeter with a specific value of 1: 2:1:1 for a total of 20 grams of beaker, add 8 times of water, stir evenly Adjust PH=7.0, cover, put on the fire for 35 minutes to boil, and then extract for 15 minutes. The gold is completely reacted with nitrate and oxygen to form the oxalic acid urea-salt nitrate complex into the solution, dissolved in the alchemy. Silver reacts with cerium to form impurities such as silver chloride and silica. A layer of white matter is precipitated at the bottom of the pot. The pot is removed, filtered with a funnel, and the filtrate is poured into a crucible.
Reduction, heating for 30 minutes, steaming dry water, controlling the reaction to cause the impurities to be thermally decomposed and precipitated, then heating the water to dissolve and filter to remove impurities, heating and concentration to obtain a red solution containing 85% precious metal ursyl urate, sodium nitrate and nitrate, and heating for 35 minutes. The gold is completely precipitated, and then poured into an iron pot to reduce no precipitation. Discard the residual liquid, wash the precipitated gold with 10% cerium water, and remove the trace bismuth metal impurities again by the cerium sand. The washed gold is placed on the glass piece and the stoichiometric amount is 3 times within the nano temperature of 40 °C. Further reduction under light reaction for half an hour to obtain a chemical element precious metal finished product with gold ore weighing 20 grams of refined purity by spectral analysis to reach 100%, fine uniform sheet weight 6 grams of golden yellow reflected light dazzling pure gold.
Example 2. Purification of gold in Figure 11:
The inventor mines 30% gold-bearing gold ore in the alluvial strata of the dry river. After crushing, sieving and mixing, use a pot of pottery pot to remove half of the water and take gold ore. Handcuffs 1 gram of sand washed, impurities are separated and removed as the water rotates up and down, the gold chips sink to the bottom, discard the sand water. Take the four-flavored alchemy oxalic acid: urea: strontium sand: saltpeter specific value 1:2:1:1 for a total of 20 grams of distiller sealed distillation, add 18 times of water to collect gas to dissolve, take gold dust in solid-liquid ratio 8:1 mixing and mixing evenly, adjust PH=7.0, cover, put on the fire for 35 minutes to boil, and then extract for 15 minutes, the gold is completely reacted and dissolved by the nitrate gas to form the gold oxalic acid urea sand nitrate complex into the solution. The silver dissolved in the alchemy alchemy drug reacts with the strontium sand to form silver chloride and silica and other impurities. A white substance is precipitated at the bottom of the pot, the pot is removed, filtered with a funnel, and heated for 30 minutes to evaporate the water. The reaction is controlled to cause the impurities to be thermally decomposed and precipitated, and then heated to dissolve and filter to remove impurities, and concentrated by enrichment by heating to obtain a red solution containing 85% precious metal ursyl uranium sulphate and nitrate sulphate. The mixture is heated for 35 minutes, and the filtrate is poured into hydrazine. The 3 times borax was measured and poured into an iron pot for reduction. Discard the residual liquid, wash the precipitated gold with 10% cerium water, and remove the trace bismuth metal impurities again by the cerium sand. The washed gold is placed on the glass piece and the stoichiometric amount is 3 times within the nano temperature of 40 °C. Further reduction under light reaction for half an hour to obtain a chemical element precious metal finished product with gold ore weighing 20 grams of refined purity by spectral analysis to reach 100%, fine uniform sheet weight 6 grams of golden yellow reflected light dazzling pure gold.
Example 3. Purification of silver in Fig. 12:
The inventors elute silver containing 40% of silver chloride, remove impurities such as silica and dry, and take silver chloride with the same method of four-flavored alchemy oxalic acid: strontium sand: urea: saltpeter A total of 20 grams of 1:2:1:1 was poured into a crucible and reduced with a stoichiometric 3 times iron sheet. The iron sheet was covered and placed in a 800 ° C coal stove for 1 hour. Silver chloride and saltpeter. The high temperature reaction releases a large amount of oxygen. The hydrogen and ammonia in the drug have the effect of reducing and clearing at high temperature, so that the silver is not oxidized again at high temperature, and other small amounts of impurities are chlorinated to form chlorides which are volatilized at high temperature, and the silver is at a high temperature. The white is reflected in the white, so that a chemical element of precious metal is obtained. The pure silver ore with a weight of 20 g of gold ore is purified by spectral analysis to obtain 100% fine, fine and uniform granular weight of 8 g of pure silver.
Example 4. Purification of silver in Fig. 12:
The inventors eluted silver containing 40% of silver chloride, and removed impurities such as silica to dry. The method used in the four-flavored alchemy of oxalic acid: oxalic acid: urea: saltpeter was taken as 1 : 2:1:1 total 20g poured into the distiller to seal the distillation, use 4 kg of water to collect the gas and silver chloride co-dissolved, use chemical metering borax 3 times reduction, then cover with iron, place 100 ° C coal After burning in the furnace for 1 hour, high-temperature reaction of silver chloride and borax releases a large amount of chlorine to be dissolved. Hydrogen and ammonia in the drug have a reduction and clearing protection at high temperature, so that silver is not re-oxidized at high temperature, and other small impurities are The chlorinated chloride is volatilized and removed at high temperature, and the silver is white and bright in the high temperature of strontium. Thus, a chemical element is obtained. The finished product is made of gold ore with a weight of 20 g. The purity of silver chloride is 100%. , fine and evenly rounded, weighing 8 grams of pure silver.
CN1129257
Mercury-free alchemy and equipment thereof
Inventor(s): DEGUI LIMercury-free alchemy and equipment thereof
The mercuryless gold-smelting method is characterized by that the gold ore and fluxing agent are mixed, then placed in the cokes of gold-smelting furnace, smelted at high temp., then the molten ore is fallen into an inverted conical casting mould, and is mixed with another portion of fluxing agent being in the bottom of the casting mould, so that the heavy and light metals are separated, and the metal with small specific weight floats upwards and overflows from overflow gate, and the metal with large specific weight is settled on the bottom of the casting mould, and after it is set-hardened, the tip portion containing gold of the bottom of the casting mould is cut out. Said method is simple, has no toxic side effect, and is safe in operation and its smelting yield is raised to 90%.
The traditional method of alchemy is to dissolve minerals by cyanate and then separate them with mercury. Cyanate and mercury are toxic substances, which are dangerous to operate. The by-products are environmentally polluting and harmful, and the gold extraction rate is low.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a mercury-free gold-smelting method and apparatus for avoiding environmental pollution, reducing operational risk, and improving the gold extraction rate, overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.
The design idea of the invention is: gold ore is mixed with flux, high temperature smelting, using the role of flux, ore component begins to melt and fall at 1100 ° C, the role of flux is to accelerate heat conduction, accelerate the melting of gold ore, and melt More complete, and can dilute the molten metal melt, so that various metal melts can be naturally separated according to their specific gravity.
The flux used was carbon powder, borax, silica and sodium carbonate. The mechanism of action of flux and gold ore is: the role of borax is to separate the gold component from the impurity component at high temperature, and to form a melt at 600 ° C, accelerate heat conduction and suspend impurity components; Alkali erosion, so that borax can function more fully; the action of carbon powder continues to get heat from the components that are not completely melted, forming a sufficient melt; the role of silica is to make the flux form a melt of the vitreous to conduct heat And suspending impurities.
The technical proposal of the invention is that the gold ore and a part of the flux are mixed and placed in a coke oven, the furnace temperature is between 1300 and 1400 ° C, and lasts for 20 to 30 minutes, and the molten ore falls into the inverted conical mold, and the mold is molded. Another part of the flux is mixed, further action, so that the falling metal solution is more completely melted and diluted, utilizing the specific gravity of gold compared with other metals, heavy and light metal separation, metal with a small specific gravity floating, from the slag The mouth overflows, depositing a more significant metal at the bottom of the mold, and after solidification, intercepts the gold-containing portion of the tip.
The flux composition used is: silica:carbon powder:borax:sodium carbonate is 1:5-15:25-3.5:1-4.
The ratio of the flux to the gold ore is 1:8-12.
The apparatus used for the above-mentioned alchemy is a melting furnace, the furnace body is placed on a furnace seat, and an inverted conical mold is placed in the middle of the furnace seat, and the furnace in the furnace body is aligned with the casting mold so that the molten ore falls into the mold. There is a slag hole on the furnace seat and the mold side, and a blast hole is left on the side wall of the furnace body.
The invention does not need to dissolve ore with cyanate, and does not need to be separated by mercury, so there is no danger of operation, no toxic side effects, no environmental pollution; direct use of high temperature melting simplifies the smelting process, due to the action of high temperature and flux The ore components are completely dissolved and separated, the refining rate can be increased from 78% to 90% of the mercury refining process, and the gold ingot can be re-fired multiple times.
The drawings are the alchemy equipment of the present invention.
The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The furnace body 1 is placed on the furnace seat 5, and an inverted conical mold 4 is placed in the middle of the furnace seat 5, and overflow holes 7 are provided on the sides of the furnace seat 5 and the inverted conical mold 4, leaving the side walls of the furnace body 1 There is a blast hole 3, and the furnace of the furnace body 1 faces the mold 4. During smelting, a flux 6 mixed with a certain proportion of carbon powder, borax, silica and sodium carbonate is placed in the inverted conical mold 4 The flux ratio is silica:carbon powder:borax:sodium carbonate=1:14:3:2, and the ratio of ore to flux is 1:10. The coke is placed at the bottom and the periphery of the furnace body of the furnace body 1, and a mixture of the selected ore 2 and the flux containing more than 0.5% of gold is placed in the upper part of the furnace hall, and is ignited from the overflow hole 7 until the bottom of the furnace hall is completely ignited. The air is blown by the air blasting port 3 to make the furnace temperature reach 1300-1400 ° C for 20 to 30 minutes, and the ore 2 begins to melt at 1100 ° C under the action of the flux, and falls to the inverted conical mold 4, Through the further action of the flux in the mold 4, the molten ore melt is more completely melted and diluted, and the heavy metal sinks into the bottom of the mold, and the metal with a small specific gravity floats in the upper portion, when the melt is in the inverted conical mold 4 When rising to the slag port 7, the floating raft overflows from the slag port 7 and the gold with a larger specific gravity is deposited in the mold. When the slag port 7 stops the slag, the ore is completely melted and the furnace is shut down. After cooling, the mold was taken out, the ingot was taken out, and the tip portion was taken out according to the calculated gold content.
The co-solvent mixed with the ore placed in the upper part of the furnace is 50% of the total flux, and the flux at the bottom of the mold is 50%.
Example 2
In the smelting, a part of the flux 6 is first placed in the inverted conical mold 4, and the flux 6 is composed of silica:carbon powder:borax:sodium carbonate: 1:5:3.5:4, at the bottom of the furnace body 1 and The coke is placed in the periphery, and a mixture of the crushed ore 2 and the flux 6 is placed in the upper middle portion of the furnace body 1, and is ignited before the slag hole 7. After the bottom coke is completely ignited, the blower is blown and forced to be burned to make the furnace temperature Increasing to 1300 ~ 1400 ° C, and lasting for 20 ~ 3 minutes, the ore component begins to melt at 1100 ° C under the action of flux, falling to the inverted conical mold 4, further action of the other part of the flux 6 through the bottom To make the falling molten metal melt and dilute more completely. As the falling melt increases, the metal with a smaller specific gravity falls down than the metal, and the molten metal rises to the overflow in the inverted conical mold 4. At the slag mouth, the light scum overflows from the slag port 7 and the heavy metal components are still deposited step by step in the inverted conical mold. When the slag port 7 stops the slag, the ore is completely melted, the furnace is cooled, the mold is taken out, and the ingot is taken out, and the calculated gold content is taken from the tip end portion.
The ratio of the solubilizer to the gold ore is 1:8.
CN2171833
Energy-saving alchemy crucible furnace
Inventor(s): ZHIXU BIAN [CN] +Energy-saving alchemy crucible furnace
The utility model relates to an energy-saving alchemy crucible furnace. An upper conductive strip 4 is arranged at the upper terminal port of the crucible 1, and a lower conductive strip 5 is arranged at the bottom of the crucible 1. When the upper conductive strip 4 and the lower conductive strip are plugged in, the crucible 1 conducts electricity and produces heat itself to melt gold dust. Because the crucible 1 produces heat by itself, melting mud takes low energy consumption and short time. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and safety, which is especially suitable for small and medium-sized gold mines.
An energy-saving alchemy furnace has an upper conductive row 4 at the upper port of the crucible 1 and a lower conductive row 5 at the bottom of the crucible 1. When the upper conductive strip 4 and the lower conductive strip are connected to the power source, the crucible 1 is electrically self-heating. Melting the golden mud, because the 坩埚1 itself heats up, the melting gold mud has low energy consumption and short time. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, and is particularly suitable for use in small and medium-sized gold mines.
The utility model belongs to a metal smelting stove and is a furnace for refining gold.
At present, China's gold production has developed rapidly, and many small and medium-sized mine smelters have emerged. The alchemy equipment used by them mainly includes coke ovens, box-type resistance furnaces, etc., which are difficult to control temperature, causing ruthenium rupture, gold flow loss and energy consumption, small production capacity, high labor intensity and other issues.
The utility model aims to provide a smelting stove with low energy consumption and being difficult to break.
The solution of the utility model is that the electric discharge is installed on the upper end and the lower end of the crucible, and after the upper and lower electric discharges are connected to the power supply, the crucible conducts heat itself and melts the golden mud.
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The drawings are side cross-sectional views of the present invention.
The utility model is mainly composed of 坩埚1, refractory brick and heat insulating material 3. There is an upper conductive row 4 at the upper port of the 坩埚1, and a lower conductive row 5 at the bottom of the 坩埚1, when the upper conductive row 4 and the lower conductive row 5 are connected. After the power supply, 坩埚1 conducts its own heat and melts the golden mud.
Because of the heat generated by the cockroach itself, the melted gold mud consumes low energy and has a short time. There is a top brick 6 in the middle of the bottom of the crucible 1 and a top wire 7 in the lower part of the top brick 6. When the crucible 1 needs to be replaced, the crucible 1 can be ejected through the top wire 7 and the top brick 6. A thermocouple 8 can be placed on the outer side of the crucible 1, and the thermocouple 8 can be connected to a temperature controller to automatically control the temperature of the crucible 1.
The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, safety and reliability, and is particularly suitable for use in small and medium-sized gold mines.
CN2449707
Ceramic alchemy device
Inventor(s): SU BIAOYICeramic alchemy device
The utility model provides a ceramic pill-making device, which structurally comprises a ceramic pill jar, a pill cover, a condenser and an iron stand, wherein, an exhaust pipe and a water inlet pipe are arranged inside the condenser, and the lower part of the water inlet pipe is provided with a small hole; a through hole is arranged on the side face of the upper part of the condenser; a thermometer inserting hole is arranged on one side of the outer circumference of the ceramic pill jar. The pill-making device makes hydrargyrum chloratum pills through the exchange of cold and hot water, measures the temperature through the thermometer, is sealed with double layers and can be matched with devices for exhausting gas, filtering gas, purifying, etc., and therefore, the utility model has the advantages of novel model, reasonable structure, high temperature resistance, convenient operation, controllable temperature, high success ratio, adaptation to various fire boxes, less time, labor, and material consumption, and less environmental pollution.
Traditional Chinese medicine and ulcers treats the medicinal herbs such as Hongshengdan and Baidandan, but the refining methods of the medicinal herbs are backward. There are no special refining tools. Generally, Yangcheng cans, iron pans or porcelain bowls are used. Simple refining tools, because these tools are single-layer open type, the toxic gas generated during refining is directly discharged, causing environmental pollution, and its refining heat is difficult to control, sometimes refining over-fire, medicinal herbs become black, can only be abandoned If the refining is not enough, the efficacy is poor.
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and to provide an alchemy device which is convenient to operate, easy to control, has high refining power, and reduces environmental pollution.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model comprises a ceramic Dan can, a Dan lid, a condenser and an iron frame in the structure; an exhaust pipe is arranged in the middle of the condenser, and the exhaust pipe is inverted "Y" type, and the connecting portion with the bottom surface is The through hole is further provided with a vertical inlet pipe in the condenser, a small hole in the lower part of the inlet pipe, a through hole on the upper side of the condenser, and a thermometer socket on the outer peripheral side of the ceramic can.
The utility model realizes the utility model, because the alchemy device adopts hot and cold water exchange to upgrade and whiten the Dandan, and uses a thermometer to measure the fire, the double-layer sealing and the matching exhaust gas, the filtering gas, the purification and the like, the novel shape, the reasonable structure and the high temperature resistance. It is corrosion-resistant, easy to operate, easy to control, high in refining power, and can be adapted to the refining of various fires, saving time, labor, fuel, and reducing environmental pollution.
The structural principle of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure principle of the ceramic alchemy apparatus of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a plan view of the ceramic alchemy of Figure 1.
The utility model comprises a ceramic Dan can 1, a Dan cover 2, a condenser 3 and an iron frame 4 in the structure; an exhaust pipe 5 is arranged in the middle of the condenser 3, and the exhaust pipe 5 is inverted "Y" type, and is connected with the bottom surface. The portion is a through hole 6, and a vertical inlet pipe 7 is further disposed in the condenser 3. a small hole 8 is formed in the lower portion of the inlet pipe, and a through hole 9 is disposed on the upper side of the condenser 3. On the outer peripheral side of the alchemy tank 1 A thermometer jack 10 is provided thereon.
CN102121789
Smelting furnace
Inventor(s): JIUBIN CHENSmelting furnace
The invention provides a smelting furnace. The smelting furnace comprises a gas transmission device, a pipeline, valves and a fuel supply device. The smelting furnace is characterized in that a furnace chamber is provided with a heating chamber and a smelting chamber; the lower part of the heating chamber is communicated with the smelting chamber; the upper part of the heating chamber is provided with a heating chamber feeding hole and heating chamber gas outlets; the lower part of the smelting chamber is provided with smelting chamber discharge holes; a plurality of inlet channels are arranged on the side wall of the smelting chamber; and the gas outlet ends of the inlet channels are communicated with the smelting chamber. The smelting furnace is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can be used for smelting various metals and alloys, can be used for smelting aluminium by a fire method and can be used for directly smelting aluminium alloys. The smelting furnace can adopt any mineral for smelting, can realize carbothermal reduction of any metallic oxide and can smelt alloys even with soil or garbage, so the smelting furnace can turn stone and soil into gold and is true alchemy. The smelting furnace dispenses with cokes and synchronously completes ironmaking and steelmaking. The heat generated through steelmaking can be fully utilized and the waste gases can be unitedly treated. The smelting furnace can be used for producing glass, ceramic frits, sodium silicate and the like. The smelting furnace can adopt various materials, can smelt precious elements, can reduce emission of such pollutants as sulfur dioxide, can fully utilize the resources and can not produce slag.
Technical field
The invention relates to the fields of metallurgical equipment and kiln equipment such as a blast furnace, a cupola, a smelting furnace, a reverberatory furnace, a melting furnace, etc., in particular to a smelting furnace.
Background technique
Existing blast furnaces, cupolas, smelting furnaces, reverberatory furnaces, furnaces, etc., generally have too high exhaust gas temperature, low heat energy utilization rate, high energy consumption and serious pollution. Boilers, cupolas, etc. must use coke, use coke to provide heat source, as a support column, filter molten material, coke resources are limited, expensive, coke production pollutes the environment, increase energy consumption. In the process of using the cupola, there is smoke and sky, and the pollution is serious. A large amount of blast furnace gas is generated in the blast furnace production. If improper use, it will inevitably bring a lot of energy waste. The investment in blast furnace gas utilization equipment is large, and the utilization efficiency is not high. The carbon monoxide content in the cupola flue gas is also high, and the flue gas temperature is high, which brings a lot of energy waste. Blast furnace ironmaking needs to be pre-processed with ore sintering, pellets and other raw materials to increase energy consumption and expenses; it is not possible to directly use low-grade ore raw materials, increase raw material costs, and not fully utilize resources; precious metals in ore cannot be extracted, resulting in waste of resources The waste slag pollutes the environment and occupies land resources. Ironmaking and steelmaking cannot be completed simultaneously, and it is necessary to carry out hot metal transfer and secondary blowing to increase the cost of smelting; aluminum smelting generally adopts electrolytic aluminum, which consumes a lot of energy and is seriously polluted. It is difficult to treat and utilize the waste red mud, occupying land resources and fire. Alcoa aluminum has only stayed in the experimental stage so far. Silicon refining can only use electric furnaces, which consumes a lot of energy. All metal smelting produces a large amount of waste residue, and the waste residue contains a lot of useful resources that cannot be utilized and is wasted. Glass furnaces, ceramic frit furnaces, and soda furnaces generally have high energy consumption and environmental protection defects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a brand new smelting furnace, which can be used for raw coal iron making, steel making, copper smelting, aluminum smelting, silicon smelting, various alloys, etc., and can be widely used in various fields of pyrometallurgy. To the metallurgical revolution. In the smelting process, waste residue is basically no longer generated, and resources can be fully utilized.
The smelting furnace can be used in multiple furnaces, and can replace the existing blast furnace, cupola furnace, smelting furnace, reverberatory furnace, melting furnace, etc., and can be widely used for smelting various metals, and can be widely used in steel making, iron making, copper smelting, Aluminum smelting, alloying, production of industrial silicon, casting, metallurgy and other fields. A variety of mineral materials can be used, and a variety of alloys can be produced simultaneously, and slag can be produced substantially without slag, and resources can be fully utilized. It can also be used to produce non-metallic materials such as glass, ceramic frit, and saponin, which greatly reduces energy consumption compared to existing kiln. It can also be used to melt a variety of materials, including a variety of ores, steel slag, slag and so on.
The smelting furnace iron making no longer uses coke, eliminating the need for pre-processing of ore sintering, pellets and other raw materials. It can directly use various grades of ore to make iron, and can directly use and treat blast furnace gas. It can greatly reduce production costs and eliminate environmental pollution and energy waste caused by coke production. Its energy efficiency is extremely high, which can greatly reduce energy consumption compared to traditional steel production. When the iron making capacity can exceed all the existing blast furnaces, the iron making and steel making can be completed simultaneously. The heat generated in the steel making process can be fully utilized, and the exhaust gas generated in the iron making and steel making processes can be uniformly treated, and the environment can be more environmentally friendly.
The smelting furnace can extract gold, silver, platinum noble metals, lanthanides, rare earth elements, etc. while producing iron, copper smelting, aluminum smelting, silicon smelting, smelting various alloys, casting, ceramic frit, glass, etc. Valuable elements such as tungsten, antimony, bismuth and uranium. It can make gold, silver and other precious metals more widely available, and can refine and separate precious metals in ore, greatly improve resource utilization, improve efficiency and reduce the cost of main business smelting. It can make the smelting metal more pure, can lay the foundation for metal refining, and can improve the metal material. The refining can be better realized, and the purity of the pig iron, copper, glass, ceramic frit, etc. can be further improved, and the pollution of the radioactive source can be reduced.
The smelting furnace can make the fuel combustion more fully, the energy utilization rate is higher, the environment is more environmentally friendly, the harmful gas emissions are greatly reduced, the energy saving and the consumption are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The smelting furnace comprises: a gas conveying device, a pipeline, a valve and a fuel supply device, wherein the furnace chamber is provided with a heating chamber and a melting chamber, the lower portion of the heating chamber is connected to the melting chamber, and the heating chamber inlet is provided at the upper portion of the heating chamber, and the heating chamber is provided at the upper portion of the heating chamber. The outlet of the heating chamber is arranged, the discharge chamber of the melting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the melting chamber, and a plurality of inlet ports are arranged on the side wall of the melting chamber, and the outlet end of the inlet is connected with the melting chamber. A plurality of A probe bodies are provided on the inner wall of the melting chamber. A explores the body's gas-liquid channel. A plurality of cooling air ducts are arranged in the furnace wall of the melting chamber, and the air outlet end of the cooling air duct is in communication with the melting chamber. The cooling air duct is connected to the air box, and the air box communicates with the air outlet of the heating chamber through the gas conveying device. A plurality of B probe bodies are disposed around the inner wall of the heating chamber. B explored the body to set up a gas channel. A plurality of collecting troughs are arranged around the inner wall of the heating chamber, and the collecting trough communicates with the discharge opening of the collecting trough. A preheating chamber is arranged in the upper part of the heating chamber inlet, and a fire channel is arranged in the lower part of the preheating chamber. The heating chamber outlet port communicates with the condensing device through the gas conveying device, and the condensing device communicates with the fire channel through the gas conveying device.
The discharge port of the melting chamber is connected to the hearth, and the hearth is provided with a furnace inlet and a furnace outlet.
An advantage of the present invention is that the smelting furnace of the present invention can use a variety of fuels, and can use a variety of solid, liquid, gaseous fuels, or a plurality of mixed fuels. The high-temperature environment can be generated by pure oxygen combustion, and the inner wall of the furnace wall is cooled by the air inlet of the cooling air duct, thereby solving the problem of creation and control of the high temperature environment. The smelting furnace of the invention is a high temperature physical and chemical reactor, which can realize many high temperature physical and chemical reactions.
The gas and exhaust gas generated in the smelting furnace smelting are fully burned in the upper part of the melting chamber, which can further save energy, eliminate the trouble of treating the gas, and at the same time, can treat various harmful components in the exhaust gas to be treated at high temperature and harmlessly. The exhaust gas enters the heating chamber to heat the material and then discharge, which greatly reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas and makes the thermal energy more fully utilized. The exhaust gas can be treated centrally, and the tail gas can be used to produce acid and extract components.
When the smelting furnace adopts pure oxygen combustion, high-temperature carbon heat can be used to reduce various metals and metal-like elements in the mineral material, and the resources can be fully utilized, and slag can be basically not generated. It can be smelted using a variety of minerals, enabling the thermal reduction of a variety of metal oxides, metalloid oxides, and the separation of halides, ie, the use of soil or waste to make alloys. It can be used to dispose of garbage, and it can be used as mineral material. It is a true alchemy, which can be described as a stone into gold, a soil into gold. A variety of minerals can be used to refine aluminum alloys, iron alloys, industrial silicon, light metal alloys, and precious metal alloys. By-product alloys can be refined while refining the metal alloy.
The smelting furnace directly realizes the support column and the filter melt by using the furnace wall structure, so that the viscous melt can flow smoothly, so that the high melting point material does not affect the operation of the furnace, and the accident of the freezing furnace and the shed furnace is avoided. The furnace wall structure is used to reduce the pressure inside the furnace and smoothly discharge the exhaust gas.
When the smelting furnace is iron-making, the capacity of the furnace body per unit volume can greatly exceed the capacity of the furnace body per unit volume of the blast furnace, and the blast furnace can be modified. Coke is no longer used for iron making, and various coal-based pulverized coals can be used. The integration of ironmaking and steelmaking kiln can be realized, and the heat generated in the steel making process can be fully utilized, so that the combustibles in the exhaust gas generated during the steel making process are fully burned, and the harmful gases generated during the steel making process are High temperature and harmless treatment, unified treatment, can be more energy efficient and environmentally friendly.
The smelting furnace can use a plurality of mineral materials mixed in a plurality of sizes, and can select a larger inner diameter of the furnace body, and can further increase the inner diameter and height of the furnace body, thereby greatly increasing the production capacity. It can directly use ore smelting and casting, which can eliminate the pre-processing of raw materials such as ore mining and sintering. It can directly use various low-grade mineral materials, which can greatly reduce the cost of smelting and casting.
The smelting furnace can bring about a revolution in the steel industry; it can bring about a revolution in alloy production; it can bring about a revolution in non-ferrous metal smelting; it can bring about a revolution in the metallurgical industry; it can bring about a revolution in the material industry; it can bring about a revolution in mineral resources. Can eliminate the production of electrolytic aluminum, can bring about a revolution in the production of aluminum; can bring a revolution in the production of silicon, can achieve fire method silicon, can directly use quartz sand, sand or soil to refine metal silicon, can directly develop and use the desert As a mineral resource. It can smelt a variety of alloys and a variety of precious metals while smelting silicon, which can greatly increase the production of metal silicon, greatly reduce energy consumption, reduce the cost of metal silicon, and make metal silicon an important industrial material cheaper than steel. Metal silicon is widely used in various materials.
The smelting furnace can provide various alloys at low cost, can handle various kinds of garbage, can realize recycling of resources, and can fully utilize various mineral resources. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and simple smelting process, and can be widely applied to various pyrometallurgy, casting, glass, ceramic frit, and saponin production, and can realize the pyrometallurgical smelting of most metals and metal-like metals.
DRAWINGS
1 is a schematic front view showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure taken along the line B-B of Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6 is a front view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed ways
The main structure of the present invention is: a smelting furnace comprising: a gas delivery device 3, a pipe 4, a valve 5 and a fuel supply device 7, the furnace chamber 9 is provided with a heating chamber 10 and a melting chamber 11, and the lower portion of the heating chamber 10 is connected to the melting chamber 11, and is heated The heating chamber inlet port 14 is disposed in the upper portion of the chamber 10, the heating chamber outlet port 15 is disposed in the upper portion of the heating chamber 10, the melting chamber discharge port 6 is disposed in the lower portion of the melting chamber 11, and the plurality of inlet ports 17 are disposed on the sidewall of the melting chamber 11 The outlet end of the 17 is in communication with the melting chamber 11.
The gas conveying device 3 can use different specifications and types of fans according to specific conditions, and can be equipped with a plurality of fans. Various gas compression and conveying devices such as a centrifugal fan, a Roots blower, and a centrifugal compressor can be used, and different gas temperatures can be selected according to the gas temperature. The temperature-resistant fan can be equipped with an induced draft fan to deliver the exhaust gas to treat the exhaust gas. The frequency conversion technology can be used to control the wind pressure and air volume of the fan to better control the operation of the furnace. The gas from the waste gas for collecting exhaust gas, the gas for cooling the furnace wall, and the exhaust gas generated during the blowing process can be uniformly sent to the fan, and a valve can be installed on each gas pipeline, and the air volume of each gas can be adjusted by using the valve. . In order to ensure the normal operation of the kiln, a backup fan is set up. When using pure oxygen combustion, oxygen tank or oxygen generator can be used as gas conveying device to directly deliver oxygen to the smelting furnace. Pure oxygen combustion can better improve furnace temperature, reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, reduce heat loss, and save energy.
Environmental protection.
The pipe 4 can be made of iron pipe or high temperature resistant stainless steel pipe. When the high temperature gas is delivered, the outside of the exposed pipe can be wrapped with insulation material. When conveying pulverized coal, a wear layer may be provided on the inner wall of the pipe.
The valve 5 can control the amount of air and the amount of fuel supplied by various control valves. The valve can be automatically controlled by a solenoid valve or the like.
The fuel supply device 7 can be directly connected to the intake passage 17 through a pipe 4, and when the liquid or gaseous fuel is used, the fuel supply device can directly feed the pressurized liquid or gaseous fuel into the intake passage 17 through the fuel pipe. When a solid fuel is used, the fuel supply device can utilize the gas flow to deliver the powdered solid fuel to the intake passage 17 through a pipe, and the powdered solid fuel can be delivered by the fan. Can use coarser coal powder, can eliminate the danger of coal dust explosion, can be more safe, can directly spray coal powder with equipment such as coal dusting machine. The tail gas discharged from the smelting furnace can be used as the conveying wind to pass through the coal dusting machine, and the raw coal can be dried, the coal grinding efficiency can be improved, the coal dust explosion risk can be avoided, and the coal grinding equipment can be simplified. When special needs are required, the gas fuel and the pulverized coal fuel can be simultaneously input into the melting chamber 11, so that the smelting furnace can use the mixed fuel, which is more favorable for increasing the furnace temperature. The furnace chamber can be provided with a movable sealed ignition hole, which can be ignited by an existing igniter, and after the ignition, the igniter is extracted, and the ignition hole can be sealed with a sealing bolt. Gas fuel ignition can be used. When coal powder is used, it can be ignited with gaseous fuel first, and when the temperature reaches a certain level, coal powder is supplied. The ignition hole can be set by the air inlet, and the ignition hole can be used as the fire hole at the same time, and the glass piece can be set to be more convenient for observation. The infrared thermometer, thermocouple and other temperature measuring devices can be used, and the temperature of the kiln can be automatically controlled in conjunction with a computer and the like.
The furnace chamber 9 is provided with a heating chamber 10 and a melting chamber 11, and a lower portion of the heating chamber 10 communicates with the melting chamber 11. The furnace chamber can be made of different refractory materials according to the specific conditions. The interior of the furnace chamber is made of refractory bricks. The smelting furnace can be overhauled regularly, and the inner wall refractory materials can be repaired and replaced during overhaul. The inner chamber of the furnace chamber 9 can be formed into a circular barrel shape, and the height of the furnace chamber 9 can be determined according to the type of the material, the particle size, the inner diameter of the furnace chamber 9, and the like. The furnace chamber can be arranged in a fine and thick structure, which can make the material settle more smoothly, and the furnace chamber can also be arranged in the same upper and lower structure, which can simplify the construction. The inner chamber of the furnace can also be formed into a square barrel shape. The disadvantage is that it is not suitable for achieving heat balance in the furnace, and it is easy to cause a dead angle of the air flow, and it is difficult to form a vortex, which is generally not used. The furnace chamber can be sealed with iron plates, and the concrete or steel structure brackets are solid at the periphery, which can better improve the sealing and strength of the furnace chamber. The heating chamber wall can be added with a layer of thermal insulation material to increase the thermal insulation effect. The refractory thermal insulation brick, the high temperature resistant rock wool can be used, and the external iron plate is sealed. The furnace wall of the melting chamber may be provided with a cooling device, which may be air-cooled or water-cooled, and the bottom of the melting chamber may be arranged by a blast furnace bottom structure, and a blast furnace bottom cooling method may be employed. The ratio of the height of the heating chamber 10 to the diameter of the heating chamber can be selected as 1:0.382, and the ratio of the height of the heating chamber 10 to the height of the melting chamber 11 can be selected between 1:1 or 1:0.618, and the ratio of 1:0.618 can be selected to increase the height of the heating chamber. Increase, can make full use of waste heat, the disadvantage is to increase furnace cost, increase fan resistance. The heating chamber 10 and the melting chamber 11 may be defined as a boundary line according to the top inlet port and a heating chamber above the top inlet port. The operating room can be set up outside the furnace, and multiple furnace chambers can be arranged side by side. Multiple smelting furnaces can be installed side by side, which saves space, can share some equipment, can connect the platform, can be more convenient to operate, and can save materials. Can better improve the overall structural strength.
A heating chamber inlet port 14 is provided in the upper portion of the heating chamber 10. A hopper can be arranged above the feed port 6, and the material is added into the hopper by the feeding device, and the feed port is sealed by the material. The hopper can be closed by lifting the hoist, conveyor belt, etc., to avoid fly ash when feeding.
A heating chamber air outlet 15 is provided in an upper portion of the heating chamber 10. A ring-shaped detecting beam can be arranged around the air outlet opening 15 of the heating chamber, and a heating chamber air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the heating chamber below the annular detecting beam, and the air outlet of the heating chamber is connected with the induced draft fan. When the indoor diameter of the heating chamber is too large, one or more cross beams may be arranged to form a crisscross or a mesh cross. The cross beam and the annular exploring beam may block material settlement, forming a gap under the cross beam and the annular exploring beam to form an air flow passage. The exhaust gas is better sucked away by the induced draft fan. The exhaust gas discharged from the induced draft fan is treated and discharged into the atmosphere, which is more environmentally friendly. The induced draft fan can form a negative pressure at the inlet, so that it does not fly ash when feeding, and it can be more environmentally friendly. The induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas treatment device can remove dust and desulfurization of the exhaust gas, or use the tail gas to produce acid, extract chemical substances, collect carbon dioxide, extract gas halide, etc., and the removed dust can be re-added to the heating chamber. In order to fully utilize the heat, the exhaust gas can be discharged into the atmosphere through the air preheater, and the combustion gas enters the gas delivery device through the air preheater, and the gas delivery device supplies the heated gas to the furnace chamber, which can further improve the heat energy utilization rate. .
The melting chamber discharge port 6 is disposed in the lower portion of the melting chamber 11, and the melting chamber discharge port 6 is disposed on the lower side wall of the melting chamber 11, and a plurality of melting chamber discharge ports are opened around the bottom of the melting chamber to open the melting chamber discharge port in turn. The discharge can prevent the deposition of high melting point material particles at the bottom of the melting chamber. The discharge port 6 of the melting chamber can be blocked by a plug rod, a gun mud, etc., and a mud gun and an opening machine can be arranged, and the discharge port of the melting chamber can be opened by an opening machine when discharging. The plurality of melting chamber discharge ports are arranged to exchange the molten metal, and the discharge port of the melting chamber is blocked by the gun mud to realize the repairing of the discharge port of the melting chamber, thereby avoiding the erosion of the high temperature molten metal to the discharge port of the melting chamber. Below the discharge port of the melting chamber, a flow channel, a transfer package, etc. can be set to transfer the melt, the depth and length of the flow channel can be increased, a sedimentation tank can be formed in the flow channel, and the precious metal alloy can be precipitated and recovered, and the flow channel can be sealed to avoid The melt is in contact with air to avoid polluting the environment. The flow path can be wrapped around the outer circumference of the lower portion of the melting chamber to facilitate the flow of the melt out of the collection.
A plurality of intake passages 17 are provided in the side wall of the melting chamber 11, and the intake passage 17 communicates with the melting chamber 11. By introducing the gas and the fuel into the furnace chamber by the intake passage 17, a plurality of intake passages 17 can be provided, which facilitates the uniform entry of the fuel into the melting chamber 11. The air flow can be pressurized by the fan to rush the air into the melting chamber 11.
In the production, the melt can be directly transported for refining or direct application. A flow channel can be arranged outside the discharge port of the melting chamber, the depth and length of the flow channel can be increased, and a sedimentation tank can be formed in the flow channel to precipitate and recover the precious metal alloy. The upper part of the flow channel can be sealed to prevent the molten metal from coming into contact with the air and avoid polluting the environment.
One of the embodiments of the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of A probe bodies 40 are provided on the inner wall of the melting chamber 11 on the basis of the main body structure. A plurality of A detecting bodies 40 may be disposed at a distance from the inner wall of the melting chamber as needed, and the protruding body 40 of the A detecting body 40 may block vertical sedimentation of the material, and a gap may be formed under the A detecting body 40, and the space may be used to form a combustion. space. The air outlet of the air inlet 17 can be arranged below the A detecting body 40 for better air intake. The upper portion of the A detecting body 40 is arranged in a slope or a step shape to allow the material to settle more smoothly. The A detecting body 40 can be made of a shaped brick or a long refractory brick. The protruding length of the A detecting body 40 can be specifically determined according to the folding resistance of the refractory material and the size of the furnace chamber, and the length of the A detecting body 40 is convex. Do not be too long to avoid refractory material breakage. Generally, the protruding length can be 100mm-1000mm.
A further structure of this embodiment is that a gas-liquid passage 8 is provided in the A detecting body 40. A probe body 40 can be separated by a certain distance, and a plurality of gas-liquid passages 8 can be formed, which can smoothly flow the liquid melt, can better achieve solid-liquid separation, can improve the sedimentation ability of the viscous melt, and avoid The freezing furnace takes place. A part of the hot gas flow can be carried along the gas-liquid passage 8, which can reduce the pressure in the furnace, improve the safety of the furnace wall, greatly reduce the thickness of the furnace wall, and greatly reduce the cost of the furnace body. The material can be better heated, so that the high temperature reaction zone is formed on the outer periphery of the column, so that the column is continuously melted from the periphery, the reaction speed can be increased, the efficiency of the furnace can be improved, the shed accident can be eliminated, and the kiln can be operated more stably. The smelting furnace can be made to have a large inner diameter, which can greatly increase the production capacity of the smelting furnace, and the production capacity can exceed the capacity of all existing large blast furnaces.
In this embodiment, the viscous melt can be smoothly flowed, and the smelting problem of the high melting point content in the mineral material can be solved, and the freezing furnace and the shed furnace accident can be eliminated. The flue gas passage can be better formed on the outer circumference of the column, so that the flue gas can move along the outer circumference of the column, so that the smelting furnace works normally.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the inner cavity of the melting chamber 11 can be made circular, and the inlet passage 17 can also be arranged along the tangential direction of the cross section of the inner chamber of the melting chamber 11, which can improve the airflow movement and make the fuel burn more fully. The hot gas stream is better heated to make the material better and faster. The lower inlet passage 17 of the melting chamber can be arranged radially along the cross section of the melting chamber, and the upper inlet passage 17 of the melting chamber can be arranged along the tangential direction of the cross section of the inner chamber of the melting chamber 11 to better enable the combustible gas generated during the melting process. Burning is full.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the above embodiment, a plurality of cooling ducts 26 are disposed in the furnace wall of the melting chamber 11, and the outlet end of the cooling duct 26 communicates with the melting chamber 11. The cooling air duct 26 can better realize the air cooling of the inner wall surface of the furnace, can realize the cooling of the refractory material of the furnace wall, can improve the strength of the refractory material, and prevent the refractory material from being affected by the high temperature, thereby reducing the bearing capacity. The brick joint can be left in the refractory brick, and the air inlet pipe is arranged in the brick joint. The air outlet end of the air inlet pipe is inclined downward to prevent the molten metal from leaking outward along the air inlet pipe, and the brick joint away from the melting chamber end is fireproof. The castables and the like are filled, leaving a brick joint near the end of the melting chamber, and directly using the refractory brick joint as the cooling duct 26, which simplifies the structure and can achieve better cooling. An air inlet can be formed on the inner wall surface of the furnace, and a layer of cooling gas having a certain pressure is formed on the inner wall surface of the furnace, which can function as a gas curtain protection layer, can better avoid burning of the furnace wall, and greatly prolong the service life of the furnace. . The furnace wall can also be made of porous bricks, and a plurality of honeycomb-shaped fine cooling air passages arranged radially along the cross section of the melting chamber are arranged in the porous brick, and the cooling air is blown by the fine cooling air passages. The smelting furnace tail gas can be used as the cooling air, and the cooling air flow can be closed in the furnace without considering the excess flow of the cooling air, and the controlled discharge of the furnace wall can be realized without increasing the exhaust gas emission, and the residual heat of the smelting furnace exhaust gas can be collected. As a cooling air, the cooling effect can be increased.
A further configuration of this embodiment is that the cooling duct 26 communicates with the wind box 13, and the bellows 13 communicates with the heating chamber air outlet 15 through the gas delivery device 3. The bellows 13 can be formed between the iron-clad and the refractory bricks of the furnace, and the bellows 13 can be separated into a plurality of layers by using the iron plates. Each of the bellows 13 is connected with the intake pipe, and the flow of the intake pipe and the gas pressure can be controlled by the valve to control the bellows. The internal gas pressure and gas flow control the cooling gas pressure and flow in the cooling air duct. The bellows 13 communicates with the heating chamber air outlet 15. The gas delivery device 3 can be connected to the hot chamber outlet port 15, and the smelting furnace tail gas can be used as the cooling air. The cooling air flow can be closed without any consideration, so that the cooling air can be closed in the furnace without increasing the exhaust gas emission. The furnace wall can be controlled to cool, and the residual heat of the smelting furnace tail gas can be used as cooling air to increase the cooling effect.
After the heat energy is transmitted to the inner wall of the melting chamber by the radiation, the airflow continuously blown into the melting chamber is carried away, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the melting chamber is not high, and the heat transfer direction of the heat convection is in the same direction as the moving direction of the airflow, and the heat conduction is transmitted. The heat rate is much lower than the speed of the airflow, so the heat is constantly carried away by the air stream blown into the melting chamber and carried into the column to maintain a relatively low temperature inside the wall of the melting chamber. The cooling of the traditional kiln wall is generally cooled by the outer wall, the heat is transferred through the furnace wall to achieve heat balance, causing a large amount of energy loss, and also causing the burning of the furnace wall. Due to material limitation, higher temperatures cannot be achieved in the furnace. The embodiment realizes the cooling of the inner wall surface of the furnace wall, avoids energy loss, avoids burning of the inner surface of the furnace wall, solves the problem of creation and control of the high temperature environment, and solves the problem of the furnace material.
In this embodiment, pure oxygen can be directly blown into the furnace to realize pure oxygen or oxygen-rich combustion, and pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature melting can be realized. The furnace temperature can be greatly improved, the heat taken away by the gas can be greatly reduced, the energy is saved, and the production of nitrogen oxides and nitrides is greatly reduced. It can directly collect carbon dioxide, extract chemical components, gas halides, acid, etc. by using exhaust gas, which can greatly reduce pollution and achieve clean emissions. The pure oxygen or oxy-combustion temperature can reach more than 2300 degrees, and even higher temperatures can occur, so that the mineral material can rapidly undergo thermal reduction reaction at high temperature to form a reaction zone on the surface of the mineral material. In high temperature environment, carbon monoxide molecules are most active and can be quickly separated from the reaction zone, so that the affinity of carbon and oxygen is greater than that of all metals and metalloids, so that carbon can be hot with all metal oxides and metalloid oxides. The reduction reaction finally reduces a variety of metals and metalloids. The high-temperature melt generated by the reaction of metal and metalloid flows down to the furnace wall, and is affected by the cooling wind. The temperature drops rapidly, and the temperature of the melt can be completely controlled within a suitable range without adversely affecting the furnace wall.
In the smelting of this embodiment, pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature smelting is adopted, and the original ore material can be directly reduced and melted by using high temperature, and the mixed materials of large and small granules can be directly used, and the slag forming agent can be used no longer, and the production efficiency can be further improved. Greatly improve the alloy yield. It can directly reduce silicon, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, strontium, lithium and other elements to obtain silicon, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, bismuth, lithium metal alloys. It can directly separate various metal alloys by specific gravity method, and then through other refining methods. The desired metal or alloy can be obtained. All metals and metal metals in the mineral material can be reduced, and resources can be fully utilized to greatly improve economic benefits. The slag can be directly turned into waste and the slag can be polluted. In the production, the scum can be re-packed and further smelted, and the slag can be treated, and the slag is basically no longer generated.
In this embodiment, pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature melting is used, and various metals or alloys can be smelted by using various mineral materials, and various minerals can be directly smelted to obtain various alloys. Minerals of different compositions mixed with various sizes of particles are mixed and smelted to obtain more kinds of alloys. These alloys can be directly applied to make the production of the alloy in one step, which can bring about a revolution in the material industry and make various alloys. The material has become very cheap.
In this embodiment, pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature melting is used to realize aluminum smelting by fire method, and aluminum alloy, industrial silicon and iron alloy can be directly refined by using bauxite, bauxite, aluminum rock, clay, sand or soil. Etc., the raw materials can be prepared as needed, and the desired alloy can be directly refined. The aluminum alloy contains titanium, magnesium, silicon, antimony and the like, which can greatly improve the aluminum alloy material and greatly improve the strength, hardness and surface luminosity of the aluminum alloy. Material corrosion resistance. It can mass produce cheap aluminum alloys. The aluminum alloy materials are more widely sourced and have more abundant reserves. Aluminum alloys can be used instead of steel. In the smelting production, the molten metal is transferred to the refining package, and the iron alloy and the aluminum alloy are obtained by sedimentation and separation. Silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and titanium are widely used in various minerals. A variety of minerals can be used to refine aluminum alloys and iron alloys. Ferroalloys, industrial silicon, light metal alloys and precious metal alloys.
In this embodiment, pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature smelting is used to realize silicon smelting by fire method, and metal silicon can be directly refined by using quartz sand, sand or soil, and the desert can be directly developed and utilized as a mineral resource. It can smelt a variety of alloys and various precious metals while smelting silicon, which can greatly increase the production of metal silicon, greatly reduce energy consumption, reduce the cost of metal silicon, and make metal silicon an important material that is cheaper than steel. Metal silicon is widely used in various materials, which can bring about a revolution in the material industry. Adding a large amount of silicon to the aluminum alloy door and window material or aluminum alloy surface decoration material can greatly improve the hardness, luminosity and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy, and make the aluminum alloy more beautiful.
The structure of the third embodiment of the present invention is such that, based on the structure of the above embodiment, a plurality of B detecting bodies 19 are provided around the inner wall of the heating chamber 10. The B-producing body 19 can be formed into a ring-shaped strip by lengthening the refractory bricks, and the length of the detecting body 50 can be 50 mm-200 mm, and the upper part of the B detecting body 19 can be set as a sloped surface, which is favorable for material settlement and material deposition. A plurality of B probe bodies 19 are provided, and the distance between the upper and lower sides of each of the B probe bodies 19 is set as needed. The B-protrusion body 19 can better cut off the hot air flow along the heating chamber wall to prevent the hot air flow from forming a hot air tunnel at the heating chamber wall, so that the material can be better heated. The B-protrusion body 19 can block the vertical sedimentation of the material, and the B can detect a space below the body 19 to reduce the upward airflow resistance around the column, so that the airflow can rise uniformly around the column.
A further structure of the embodiment is that a gas-liquid passage is provided in the B-probing body 19. The B-protrusion body 19 can be staggered by refractory bricks, and a gap can be formed between the refractory bricks to form a gas-liquid passage. The following method can be used: the first layer of refractory bricks is 50mm-200mm from the inner wall of the furnace, leaving a gap between the refractory bricks, the second layer of refractory bricks is flush with the inner wall of the furnace, and the third layer of refractory bricks is 50mm from the inner wall of the furnace. -200mm, leaving a gap between the refractory bricks, the gap between the gap and the first layer of refractory bricks is staggered up and down, a transverse channel is formed between the first layer of refractory bricks and the third layer of refractory bricks, and the interlayer refractory bricks are formed between The vertical passage, the transverse passage and the vertical passage pass through, so that the furnace wall forms a mesh passage close to the furnace wall, so that the exhaust gas is smoothly discharged along the periphery of the material column, so that the molten material of the low melting point material is more smoothly along the material column. Down the road.
The smelting furnace of the embodiment can discharge the exhaust gas more smoothly, can reduce the pressure in the furnace, and can reduce the requirement of the column ventilation.
According to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the structure of the above embodiment, a plurality of collecting grooves 20 are disposed around the inner wall of the heating chamber 10, and the collecting groove 20 is connected to the collecting groove discharge port 21.
In this embodiment, a plurality of collecting grooves 20 are arranged on the inner wall of the heating chamber 10 at a certain vertical distance. The collecting trough 20 can be formed by temperature-resistant stainless steel welding or special-shaped refractory bricks, and an annular band-shaped baffle is arranged above the collecting trough 20, The mineral material is prevented from leaking into the collecting tank 20, and the underside of the annular band-shaped baffle is inclined so that the molten metal can flow into the collecting trough 20. When the smelting temperature is high, the volatile or low-boiling substance can be collected by the collecting tank 20, and the substance with a lower boiling point evaporates into a gas at a high temperature of the melting chamber, and the gas rises along the periphery of the column, and the temperature gradually decreases. The gas is condensed into a liquid, and the liquid flows down the furnace wall and flows into the collecting tank 20 to be collected. At intervals, the liquid discharging port 21 is opened to discharge the liquid. Collecting tanks of different heights can collect substances with different boiling points. These materials can be distilled, fractionated, separated, extracted and purified to obtain a variety of useful compounds, which can be extracted into a variety of rare substances. In the case of pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature melting, the halide and the halogen intermetallic compound can be separated, so that the inner wall of the heating chamber is not nodules, so that the smelting furnace does not produce slag.
The structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention is: based on the structure of the above embodiment, the preheating chamber 16 is disposed on the upper portion of the heating chamber inlet port 14, the fire passage 18 is disposed in the lower portion of the preheating chamber 16, and the heating chamber air outlet port 15 is transported by gas. The device 3 communicates with a condensing device 22 which communicates with the fire channel 18 via a gas delivery device 3. An annular fire passage 18 may be disposed at a lower portion of the preheating chamber 16, and the heating chamber outlet port 15 delivers exhaust gas to the condensing device 22 through an induced draft fan. The condensing device 22 may use water cooling or air cooling to cool the exhaust gas, and when the air cooling is set, the residual heat may be used to heat the smelting furnace. The intake air and the condensing device 22 are provided with a flow port, and the vapors such as sulfur and phosphorus existing in the exhaust gas can be condensed and discharged. The air outlet of the condensing device 22 communicates with the fire passage 18 through the gas conveying device, and the condensed exhaust gas can be sent into the fire passage 18 for combustion, so that the combustible material in the exhaust gas is burned out in the fire passage.
This embodiment can greatly reduce the emission of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, and can collect sulfur and the like, thereby improving economic benefits.
The structure of the sixth embodiment of the present invention is: based on the structure of the above embodiment, the melting chamber discharge port 6 is connected to the hearth 12, and the hearth 12 is provided with a hearth feed port 1 and a hearth discharge port 2. The furnace can be used to separate the molten metal, separate the scum, separate the alloy, blow down the carbon desulfurization phosphorus, refine, etc. The hearth can be constructed according to different refractory materials, and the inner wall of the hearth can be set according to different needs. Refractory protective layer. The hearth can also be replaced by an existing converter, which has the disadvantage of high cost.
In this embodiment, a plurality of hearths can be arranged around the furnace chamber to realize the alternate operation, alternate operation, and maintenance in turn to ensure normal production. A hearth 12 may be disposed below the discharge port 6 of the melting chamber, and a plurality of hearth discharge ports 2 may be provided in the upper, middle or lower portion of the hearth. The discharge port 6 of the melting chamber is opened to allow the molten metal and the scum to flow into the hearth, and the dross and the lighter specific gravity are directly discharged from the upper discharge port of the hearth. The discharge port 2 of the hearth can be blocked by a plug rod, a gun mud, etc., and a flow path, a transfer bag, etc. can be set under the discharge port of the hearth to transfer the melt.
In the present embodiment, the hearth 12 can be provided with a multi-stage hearth, so that precious elements can be precipitated at the bottom of the first stage hearth, and a precious metal alloy can be discharged by opening the lower discharge port of the first stage hearth at intervals. The alloy can be refined to separate a variety of valuable elements, and the precious metal alloy can be transported for secondary refining. It can extract gold, silver, platinum noble metals, lanthanides, rare earth elements, tungsten and tantalum while producing iron, copper, aluminum, silicon, smelting various alloys, castings, ceramic frits, glass, etc. Valuable elements such as bismuth and uranium. It can make the smelting metal have higher purity, can lay the foundation for metal refining, can improve the metal material, and can better realize steel refining. The purity of pig iron, copper, glass, ceramic frit, etc. can be improved. It can be divided into multi-stage and multi-group furnaces from the second-stage furnace. The first-stage furnace can also be replaced by deepened and long-flowing sedimentary rafts. The first-stage furnace can be made into a sedimentation tank type, which can be used in the furnace. A plurality of U-shaped flow passages are disposed therein to allow the molten metal to flow uninterruptedly from the first-stage furnace cylinder, so that precious metal elements are precipitated in the first-stage furnace. It is also possible to provide a plurality of first-stage hearths around the furnace chamber, which can realize the first-stage hearth in turn maintenance and take turns. The hearth can also be equipped with a blowing device, which uses a hearth to perform blowing, desulfurization, and carbon reduction to achieve metal refining. Multi-stage and multi-group furnaces can also be set, and the hearth can also be set in a square shape.
In the steelmaking of this embodiment, the converter can be eliminated, the overall cost of the steelmaking equipment can be greatly reduced, and the ironmaking and steelmaking can be synchronized. The hearth can be equipped with multiple sets and multi-stage hearths. The hearth can be made of existing steelmaking converter materials, and the lining material can be set. The lining material can be quickly repaired by the blast furnace spraying repair equipment. The blowing device provided in the hearth can be used in the existing steel-making and blowing device, and a double-blowing device such as a bottom blowing, a top blowing or a side blowing can be provided, and the protective gas can be blown through the blowing device to further increase the alloy yield. Various slagging agents or alloy seasonings can be sprayed into the hearth by means of a top blowing device. A bottom blowing device can be provided, and a plurality of nozzles can be evenly arranged at the bottom of the hearth to uniformly roll the molten iron and shorten the steel making time. The blowing device can be used to blow O2, CO, carbon powder or lime, etc., and can be sprayed at the bottom or top, which can shorten the smelting time, improve the desulfurization and dephosphorization operations, and improve the metal and alloy collection rate. The detection device can be set to monitor the temperature, gas composition, molten steel composition, etc. at any time to better control the blowing. When special needs are made, the hearth can be made very large, which can exceed the single-furnace steel output of open hearth steelmaking, which makes the molten steel material more stable and consistent, and can produce larger castings. The upper part of the hearth can be closed with a cover plate. The cover plate can be arranged with long refractory bricks. The upper part of the refractory brick can be provided with insulation material to increase the heat preservation property, and the upper part of the heat preservation material is sealed with iron plate. Lime is added to the hearth through the inlet of the hearth, and a maintenance port is provided at the top of the hearth, which is normally sealed and opened during maintenance. The inlet of the hearth can be connected to the inlet of the fan through a pipe. The damper is arranged on the pipe, and the air flow is adjusted by the damper. The suction pipe can be arranged above the inlet of the hearth, and the exhaust gas generated during the blowing is sucked away by the suction pipe. Just enter the fan. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the hearth can be sucked into the fan, and the exhaust gas is blown into the smelting furnace by the fan as the combustion air, and the high-temperature harmless treatment is performed to fully burn the combustible materials carried in the high-temperature exhaust gas, so that the heat carried by the high-temperature exhaust gas It is used to make the exhaust gas generated by steelmaking uniform treatment, to avoid direct discharge of exhaust gas into the atmosphere, and to make the steelmaking production process more environmentally friendly. The waste slag generated during the steel making process floats in the upper part of the hearth, and the molten steel is deposited in the lower part of the hearth, and the molten steel is discharged from the bottom of the hearth. When steelmaking, multi-stage and multi-group furnaces can be set to realize various alloy refining and separation.
In the steelmaking operation of this embodiment:
1. The scum and molten iron are placed in the first-stage furnace, and when the molten metal reaches a certain water level, the scum and molten iron flow out from the upper discharge port of the first-stage furnace, and flow into the second. The graded hearth, the precious metal alloy is deposited at the bottom of the first stage hearth, and the first stage hearth can also be replaced by a deeper and longer flow path type precipitate. The blowing device can be arranged in the second-stage hearth. When the molten iron reaches a certain water level, the scum and the lighter specific gravity flow out from the upper discharge port of the second-stage furnace and flow into the third-stage furnace. In pure oxygen or oxygen-rich high-temperature melting, an alloy of elements such as aluminum silicon, titanium, magnesium, and the like can be blown and separated in a third-stage furnace, and an aluminum alloy can be obtained, which can be blown in a third-stage furnace. The molten metal was allowed to stand for a while, and various alloys were separated by a sedimentation method. The outlet of the hearth is arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and the discharge port of the hearth is controlled by a stopper rod, and the aluminum alloy, the metal silicon and the light alloy are sequentially released, and the scum can be smelted again, and the slag can be basically produced, and the resources can be reached. Take advantage of.
2、When the molten iron in the second-stage furnace is about to reach the lower edge of the discharge port at the upper part of the hearth, the molten iron is stopped.
3、The upper discharge port of the first stage furnace corresponding to the group furnace is blocked, the upper discharge port of the other first stage furnace is opened, and the molten iron is started to be discharged to the other group of furnaces.
4、Lime or the like is added to the second-stage furnace, and is blown, deoxidized, alloyed, and the like until the completion of the blowing.
5、Open the lower discharge port of the second stage furnace to discharge the molten steel.
6、When the molten steel is basically discharged, the slag water mixture is placed in the rotary lift bag, and then the lower discharge port of the second stage hearth is sealed, and the slag water mixture in the rotary lift bag is poured into the second stage hearth. If the slag water mixture is small, the slag can be directly sealed at the lower discharge port of the second-stage furnace cylinder, which can save trouble.
7、Open the upper discharge port of the first stage furnace and place the melt into the second stage furnace for the next round of blowing.
In the embodiment, the smelting of other metals is similar to the steelmaking operation procedure, and the hearth can be provided with a multi-stage hearth, so that the molten metal flows into the furnaces of the various stages step by step, and can perform multi-stage refining on various metals, and can be blown by the hearth. Refining, desulfurization, carbon reduction, and metal refining. When high-temperature smelting with oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is used, the alloys of various specific gravities can be naturally settled by the sedimentation method to obtain iron alloys and aluminum alloys. A precious metal alloy can be obtained in the first stage hearth, a ferroalloy is obtained in the second stage hearth, and a plurality of alloys are obtained in the third stage hearth, which can be refined after being refined in the third stage hearth. Separate various alloys, set the outlet of the hearth at the bottom of the hearth, control the discharge port of the hearth with a stopper rod, and sequentially release: aluminum alloy, metal silicon and light alloy. The exhaust gas generated during the smelting process is re-sent into the smelting furnace for high-temperature treatment and the exhaust gas is uniformly purified, treated and recovered. The scum generated in the smelting process is re-smelted into the smelting furnace and smelted again, which can basically produce no slag and achieve full utilization of resources.
When the ceramic frit, glass, saponin, molten material, etc. are produced in the embodiment, the inclined discharge channel can be arranged in the hearth, and the feeding end of the inclined discharge channel is arranged in the middle or the lower part of the hearth, and the inclined discharge channel is out. The height of the material end is almost flush with the upper edge of the hearth. When the material is discharged, the molten liquid in the hearth is always kept full, so that the melt can complete various complicated melting reactions in the hearth. The lower furnace outlet is provided at the bottom of the hearth, which is normally sealed. When the furnace is shut down, the molten metal is completely discharged. When producing ceramic frit, saponin and other products and slag water quenching treatment, a water quenching device can be arranged below the discharge port of the hearth. When producing slag wool, a blown or broken wire device may be arranged under the discharge port of the hearth to directly form the melt into a silk cotton shape.
In this embodiment, when high-temperature smelting with oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is used, various metals or alloys can be smelted by using various mineral materials, and various metal blowing can be completed to realize desulfurization of phosphorus and carbon reduction, which can be produced during the blowing process. The high-temperature exhaust gas is blown into the melting chamber to perform high-temperature and harmless treatment, so that the combustible materials carried in the high-temperature exhaust gas are fully combusted, so that the heat carried by the high-temperature exhaust gas is utilized, and the exhaust gas generated by the blowing is uniformly treated to make the blow-production The process is more environmentally friendly. It can set multi-group and multi-stage hearths, can extract various alloys, can achieve multi-stage refining, and can obtain a variety of precious metal alloys, iron alloys, aluminum alloys, industrial silicon, and light metal alloys, which can greatly improve resource utilization. This embodiment can also be used for casting, producing ceramic frits, glass, saponins, molten materials, and the like.
When the smelting furnace of the invention is opened, the furnace chamber is first oven-fired, the furnace is ignited, and the material is gradually added after ignition. During production, the ore material can be charged into the heating chamber. After the furnace chamber is ignited, excessive coal powder is injected into the lower part of the melting chamber to form anoxic combustion in the lower part of the melting chamber to form a large amount of carbon monoxide reducing gas, reducing gas and carbon. The particles and the mineral material undergo a thermal reduction reaction, and the melt flows out. Adjust the temperature inside the furnace, better adjust the temperature of the melt, and better adjust the thermal reduction reaction. A certain amount of water vapor is sprayed into the lower portion of the melting chamber to produce a portion of hydrogen and more carbon monoxide in the furnace to increase the melting rate. A small amount of pulverized coal is sprayed into the upper portion of the melting chamber to maintain combustion in the upper portion of the melting chamber, and peroxygen combustion is formed to completely burn off the gas formed in the melting chamber in the upper portion of the melting chamber. At the top of the melting chamber, it is not necessary to spray carbon powder, only oxygen is blown in, so that the gas can be fully burned out. At the bottom of the melting chamber, fuel can be injected or less fuel can be injected, and an appropriate amount of smelting furnace exhaust gas can be blown to cool the molten metal, thereby preventing the refractory material from being burnt due to excessive molten metal temperature.
The smelting furnace melt of the present invention can be transported away from the discharge port of the melting chamber into the transfer package. When high-temperature smelting with oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is used, the molten metal can be separated and blown by multi-stage hearth, and various precious metal alloys, iron alloys, aluminum alloys, industrial silicon and light metal alloys can be separated and refined. . These alloys can be used directly, making alloy production one step at a time, revolutionizing the materials industry and making various alloy materials very inexpensive. It can realize aluminum smelting by fire method and silicon smelting by fire method.
The smelting furnace of the invention can be directly casted with iron ore, and can replace the existing blast furnace and cupola, and can avoid coke production. It can greatly reduce the cost of iron making, steel making and casting. The direct steelmaking by the smelting furnace of the invention avoids the transportation of the molten iron, can further save energy, can make the iron making and the steel making synchronously, and can further increase the output. Direct casting with iron ore or iron ore fines can greatly reduce casting costs.
The smelting furnace of the invention can treat the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the steel making process by high temperature, further treat the harmful components in the exhaust gas, and cause the combustibles in the exhaust gas to be burned secondly, so that the heat carried by the exhaust gas is fully utilized, so that the steel is made The process is more energy efficient and environmentally friendly.
The smelting furnace of the invention can extract gold, silver, platinum noble metals and lanthanides while producing iron, steel, copper, aluminum, silicon, smelting various alloys, casting, ceramic frit, glass, etc. , rare earth elements, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, uranium and other precious elements. It can make the smelting metal more pure, can lay the foundation for metal refining, can improve the metal material, can achieve better refining, and can bring about material revolution. Precious metal alloys can be transported away for refining.
When the smelting furnace of the invention adopts high-temperature smelting of oxygen-rich or pure oxygen, garbage can be used as mineral material, garbage can be disposed, and resources can be recycled. During the treatment, the garbage can be burned and dried in the vertical kiln, rotary kiln or boiler, and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion is directly sent to the upper part of the melting chamber by the fan, and the ash generated by the combustion is charged into the smelting furnace of the invention for melting. Various alloys are extracted. In the whole process, no harmful gas such as dioxin, nitrogen oxides or hydrogen sulfide is emitted, and the heat is fully utilized, and the garbage is extracted into various useful alloys, and the halides in the exhaust gas are recovered, treated and utilized. Various construction wastes or mineral materials are also treated by this method and then smelted into a smelting furnace to avoid the generation of harmful gases such as dioxins, which can be more environmentally friendly.
The smelting furnace of the invention can adopt pure oxygen combustion, greatly reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides, can recycle carbon dioxide, can be more environmentally friendly, and increases the efficiency. With the advancement of technology, separation of carbon dioxide into carbon and oxygen using separation technology can achieve clean emissions, carbon can be recycled, use magical carbon to create a pure and colorful world, use energy to create resources, and realize the recycling of resources.
The smelting furnace of the invention can also adopt the existing slag smelting process, and can add various flux slag slag, and the method of use is similar, which only reduces the temperature of the reaction zone in the furnace, and the disadvantage is that waste of resources is caused, comprehensive economic benefits are reduced, waste slag is caused, Exhaust gas pollutes the environment.
The flow rate of each fan in the smelting furnace of the invention can be programmed according to the temperature sensor, and the temperature measuring point can be set in multiple parts of the furnace chamber to set the temperature measuring device. The frequency conversion technology can be used to control the air volume and wind pressure of the fan. The fuel flow can be controlled by the computer. The temperature of the heating chamber and the melting chamber can be controlled by the computer. The computer technology can be used to manage the equipment.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described in the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.