USP # 5,782,225 ~ Vaporization system
Caggiono, Allen
Abstract ~ A fluid vaporization system comprises
a first fluid inlet for receiving a first fluid, a second fluid
inlet for receiving a second fluid, and a first discharge
aperture for discharging the first fluid and the second fluid. A
first connecting passage connects the first fluid inlet and the
second fluid inlet in fluid communication with the first
discharge aperture, mixes the first fluid and the second fluid
to define a fluid mixture, and delivers the fluid mixture to the
first discharge aperture. A third fluid inlet receives a third
fluid and a second discharge aperture discharges the third
fluid. A second connecting passage in heat transfer relationship
with the first connecting passage connects the third fluid inlet
in fluid communication with the second discharge aperture and
delivers the third fluid from the third fluid inlet to the
second discharge aperture to effect heat transfer from the third
fluid to the fluid mixture such that the fluid mixture is
discharged by the first discharge aperture in a vaporized state.
USP # 5,606,956 ~ Elongated fuel-air bypass for internal
combustion engine
Wallace, William
Abstract ~ An elongated fuel-air bypass is
connected between an outlet port of a fuel-air mixing device and
an inlet port of an intake manifold of an internal combustion
engine. The elongated bypass apparatus includes an elongated
bypass conduit formed of a thermally conductive material and
which has sufficient length, exterior surface area and thermal
conductivity to enable it to cause liquid fuel introduced
through the fuel-air mixing device to change from a liquid state
to a gaseous state prior entry into the one or more cylinders of
the internal combustion engine. Turbulence creating mechanisms,
such as venturis or baffles, are provided in the elongated
bypass conduit for creating turbulence in the fuel-air mixture
flowing therethrough. An after-air supply tube is provided to
supply after-air near an upstream end of the fuel-air bypass
conduit, and is controlled by an after-air valve to provide for
a lean fuel-air mixture. Also provided is a liquid additive
system for supplying water and/or alcohol into the fuel-air
bypass conduit. A start-up fuel injection system is provided to
inject a burst of fuel into the fuel-air bypass conduit at
initial start-up of the internal combustion engine. At least one
reparticulation reservoir is provided in the bottom of a portion
of the fuel-air bypass conduit in order to enable quick start-up
of the engine after flooding.
USP # 5,598,826 ~ Cold start fuel control system for an
internal combustion engine
Hunt, Frank & Nogi, Toshiharu
Abstract ~ A cold start fuel control system
provided for use with an internal combustion engine of the type
having at least one combustion chamber, an air/fuel passageway
fluidly connected with the combustion chamber and the source of
fuel. The fuel control system includes an annular heater having
an interior annular wall disposed within the passageway. A cold
start fuel injector has its inlet fluidly connected to the fuel
source and an outlet open to the passageway such that fuel from
the outlet flows into the interior of the heater. Whenever the
operating temperature of the engine is below a predetermined
level, fuel is selectively provided to the cold start fuel
injector which injects fuel into the passageway. The fuel
discharge from the cold start fuel injector is swirled so that
at least a portion of the fuel from the cold start fuel injector
impinges upon the annular heater and is thus vaporized.
USP # 5,555,855 ~ Water circulation system for marine engine
Takahashi, Masanori
Abstract ~ A water circulation system of a marine
engine improves the consistency of engine combustion by
stabilizing the temperature of water flowing through the engine
water jacket and by heating the intake manifold to a temperature
within a desired temperature range. The desired temperature
range is defined so as to optimize fuel vaporization without
significantly affecting the volumetric efficiency of the engine.
The water circulation system includes a control valve which
directs water flow through the circulation system according to
the water temperature exiting the engine water jacket. The valve
recirculates water between the engine water jacket and a
recirculation path until the water temperature reaches a
predetermined lower temperature limit. The control valve then
allows a portion of the water to flow through a heating jacket
around the intake manifold to heat the intake manifold. If the
temperature of the recirculating water reaches a predetermined
upper temperature limit, the control valve directs all of the
water through the heating jacket until the temperature of the
water exiting the engine water jacket falls below the upper
temperature limit. In this manner, the water circulation system
generally stabilizes the water temperature in the engine water
jacket and heats the intake manifold to a temperature generally
within the upper and lower temperature limits.
USP # 5,396,866 ~ Ram tube
Kuntz, Dennis
Abstract ~ The ram tube of this invention
basically consists of an intake bracket, inner tube, output
bracket, outer tube, input port and output port. The intake and
output brackets are attached to the ends of the inner tube for
attaching the ram tube to the base of a carburetor and the
intake to an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
The outer tube is installed over and surrounds the inner tube to
create a passage between the inner and outer tubes. Exhaust is
directed from the exhaust manifold of the engine to an input
port on the outer tube. The exhaust passes through the passage
and exits through the output port. The exhaust heats the inner
tube to in turn heat the air/fuel mixture passing through the
inner tube. The fuel is completely vaporized and placed in a dry
vapor condition as it passes through the heated inner tube. The
fuel entering the combustion chamber in a dry vapor condition
burns more completely, at a higher temperature and at a faster
rate to provide a higher efficiency engine. Due to the high
temperature achieved using the ram tube, water can be injected
into the ram tube or air stream for use as a fuel supplement.
The ram tube of this invention can also be used in conjunction
with a heat exchanger for initial vaporization of fuel in cooler
weather and/or a turbo charger, or other type of device which
increases volume efficiency, for pressurizing the air/fuel
mixture for additional engine performance.
USP # 5,353,772 ~ Carburetor fuel charge heating apparatus
Wallace, W.
Abstract ~ An apparatus including a first chamber
in operative communication with a carburetor to receive
carburetor fluid flow therefrom, directing such fluid flow
through a central conduit into a second chamber in operative
fluid communication with an intake manifold of an associated
internal combustion engine, such that the central conduit is
arranged for the heating and associated gaseous flow from the
carburetor to the intake manifold.
USP # 5,335,639 ~ Heat exchanger having close packed spheres
Siefkes; Donald
Abstract ~ An apparatus (16) for preheating
combustion fluids such as air, fuel or fuel-air mixtures
upstream of the combustion chamber in an internal combustion
engine (10). The apparatus (16) generally includes a heat
exchanger (18) and an assembly (46) for heating the heat
exchanger. The improvement involves constructing the heat
exchanger (18) from a plurality of closely-packed beads (20)
each having a spherical shape and each comprised of homogeneous
aluminum filling the entire space within the outer spherical
shape to provide a high surface area heat exchanger for heating
the combustion fluid as the fluid passes around the beads.
USP # 5,327,875 ~ Vapor enhanced carburetion system
Hall; S. Franklin
Abstract ~ A carburetion system for an internal
combustion engine includes fuel vaporizing gun which operates as
a heat exchanger with heat from the engine exhaust manifold. The
system may be manually or automatically operative when hot
exhaust gases from the engine heat the gun to sufficient
temperatures for vaporizing the fuel. A vapor fuel shut-off
valve positioned on the vapor line to the engine intake ports
regulates the air to gas mixture to a ratio of between 15 and 16
to 1, for maximum combustion, increased fuel mileage and reduced
emissions.
USP # 5,327,874 ~ Method and device for preparing fuel-air
mixture for internal combustion engine
Pugachev; Alexandr V. & Shatalov; Vasiliy N
Abstract ~ The present invention relates to the
engine-building industry and can find application in the fuel
feed system of internal combustion engines for preconditioning
part of the flow of a rich fuel-air mixture fed to the main flow
to decompose liquid fuel and convert it into a gas. A technical
aim of the present invention consists in an increased fuel
economy of the engine, reduced toxicity of exhaust gases, and
use of a cheaper low-octane fuel. A method for preparing
fuel-air mixture consists in that the flow of an overrich
fuel-air mixture is additionally heated, before mixing it with
the other flow of fuel-air mixture, by passing it through a
promoter heated above the mixture ignition temperature, thus
providing repeated contact of the flow with the promoter
surface. A device comprises a heat-exchanger 1 communicating,
via an intake piping 3, with the engine exhaust manifold, a
proportioner 5 of the components of the fuel-air mixture being
handled provided with an air piping 6, an exhaust gas piping 7,
and a fuel piping 8. The proportioner 5 communicates, via a
control member 10 and a mixing nozzle 9, with the inlet
mixture-handling loop of the heat-exchanger 1. A promoter 12 is
provided in the heat-exchanger outlet nozzle, arranged in a
spaceless relation thereto and being in fact a heating element
having a well-developed surface and may be variously embodied.
USP # 5,291,870 ~ Fuel vaporizing system
Covey, Jr.; Ray M
Abstract ~ A system for providing an air-fuel
vapor mixture to an engine for improving completeness of
combustion and also reducing emissions. The system includes a
vaporizer within which a series of baffles are disposed such
that air and fuel pass along a tortuous passageway defined
within the vaporizer. Exhaust gases provide heat to the
vaporizer, and as air and fuel pass along the passageway of the
vaporizer, a homogenous air-fuel vapor mixture is produced, with
the homogenous mixture exiting the vaporizer being supplied to
the engine by way of an adapter plate assembly. When used with a
carburetor, the adapter plate is disposed between the carburetor
and the engine.
USP # 5,247,909 ~ Combustion enhancement system
Simmons; William R
Abstract ~ An apparatus and method for enhancing
the efficiency of a combustion process and thereby reducing
undesirable emissions in which a solid combustion enhancing
substance is converted into a highly dispersed,
gas-transportable state at a controlled rate and is subsequently
conveyed into the zone of combustion. The use of a substance in
its solid state eases handling and avails highly effective
materials for combustion and enhancement while the necessary
conversion of the substance from one state to another enables a
high degree of control as to its rate of addition to the
combustion process. The substance's highly dispersed state when
it enters the combustion process maximizes its effect.
USP # 5,218,944 ~ Fuel preheating system for internal
combustion engines
Leonard; Paul D.
Abstract ~ A fuel preheater for use with internal
combustion engines is disclosed. The preheater works on the
principle that by preheating the fuel, the fuel is more
effectively vaporized, resulting in more efficient combustion.
This preheating is accomplished using heat normally wasted via
the radiator. The preheater has a housing, through which heated
engine coolant on its way from the engine block to the radiator
is routed. A coiled steel gas line is routed through the
housing, and is connected between the regular fuel line and the
engine.
USP # 5,146,897 ~ Intake manifold of intake system for
multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
Hattori; Toshihiko, et al.
Abstract ~ An intake manifold for a multi
cylinder internal combustion engine has a common upstream
passage and individual downstream passages, leading individually
to cylinders of the engine, respectively. These individual
downstream passages are connected between a downstream end of
the common upstream passage and the cylinders. Upstream end
portions of the individual downstream passages are symmetrically
located around a fuel injector, disposed downstream relative to
the common upstream passage, and are joined together. At a
center of the symmetrically joined upstream end portions of the
individual downstream passages, fuel passages are provided to
open independently into the upstream end portions so as to
introduce fuel from the fuel injector into the individual
downstream passages.
USP # 5,154,154 ~ Intake device for a mixture-compressing
internal-combustion engine
Henke; Jurgen, et al.
Abstract ~ An intake device for a
mixture-compressing internal-combustion engine has a heating
element for heating the injected fuel downstream of an injection
nozzle in the intake channel in order to avoid formation of fuel
condensate which is harmful in the exhaust emission. The heating
elements are configured in plate form and directed at an angle
towards the injected fuel jet such that, on one hand, there is a
good heating and, on the other hand, there is a low flow
resistance by the heating elements. The plate heating element
can be integrated in a flush and heat-insulating manner in the
wall of the intake channel. By virtue of the low flow resistance
which a plate-like heating element arranged obliquely in the
fuel/air mixture flow produces, the heating surface can be made
larged and consequently a rapid fuel heating can be achieved.
USP # 5,140,966 ~ Carburetor for an internal combustion
engine
Wong; Men L.
Abstract ~ Carburetors and fuel injection systems
are used to facilitate a combustile mixture of air and fuel for
internal combustion engines. Inherently, the fuel in this
mixture is mostly in liquid droplets. However, it is the
vaporous fuel which combines with the air gives an explosive
mixture; and it is this mixture that can be exploded during the
short engine power stroke time available. The rest of the fuel
in liquid form simply burns or exhausts to the environment,
hence impairing the efficiency of the engine and polluting the
environment. In this invention, liquid fuel is vaporized and
combined with air to form an explosive mixture before
introduction into the engine. In this design, ultrasonic
technology is employed to atomize the fuel in the form of fine
fuel mist. This mist is then injected into a specially designed
heat exchanger, in which hot engine exhaust gas is brought in to
cause this subspension of fuel mist to vaporize. Subsequently,
this vaporized fuel combines with the intake air to form an
explosive mixture. In this process, microcomputer technology is
employed to control the precise air to fuel ratio of the mixture
according to the degree of fuel vaporization and the demand of
the engine operation. The fuel in this mixture is in a vaporous
state; therefore utilization of the fuel is maximized.
USP # 5,134,986 ~ Internal combustion engine with fuel
heater
Curhan; Jeffrey A.
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine has a
channel member such as a plenum chamber or cylinder head or the
like with an inlet receiving air and fuel to form an air-fuel
mixture and with a pair of outlets furnishing the air-fuel
mixture to respective cylinders or groups of cylinders or to
respective cylinder intake valve openings of two-intake engine
cylinders or the like. A heating device mounted on the channel
member has a heat-exchange surface which intercepts the air and
fuel from the inlet to heat and fully vaporize the fuel to form
the air-fuel mixture and also to divide the fuel mixture between
the two outlets for furnishing the fuel mixture to the
individual cylinders, groups of cylinders or intake valve
openings.
USP # 5,123,398 ~ Carburetion system
Klaus; Rudolph W. & Knowlton; James L.
Abstract ~ A fuel gasifier for an internal
combustion engine having a gasification chamber, a device for
injecting fuel into the chamber in droplets of about 30-50
microns or less in diameter, an ambient air inlet to the chamber
with a flow control therefor, to admit a controlled amount of
ambient air to mix with the fuel, a heater in the chamber to
elevate the fuel temperature and convert the fuel to a gaseous
state, a fuel and air mixing and transfer impeller in the
chamber for increasing turbulence and propelling the mixture
from the chamber, an annular venturi flow passage for flow of
additional ambient air past the outside of the chamber, and a
plurality of radial passages between the chamber and the venturi
passage for flow of the turbulent mixture into the venturi
passage and entrainment of the fuel and air mixture into the
additional ambient air.
USP # 5,101,801 ~ Method of heating an IC engine
Schatz; Oskar
Abstract ~ A method of heating an internal
combustion engine during cold start-up and also for maintaining
an optimum development of the temperature of the combustion gas
during other operational conditions is disclosed. Heat stored in
a heat storage means is released to the combustion air prior to
the entry of same into the combustion chamber of the engine.
USP # 5,086,748 ~ Fuel supplying system for gas engine
Yokoyama; Yoshiharu
Abstract ~ Several embodiments of gaseous fuel
supplying systems for an internal combustion engine used to
power a portable generator. In each embodiment, heat is supplied
to the fuel so as to maintain the fuel pressure if the fuel
pressure falls below a predetermined pressure. In some
embodiments, the heat supply is on-off and in other embodiments
it is variable. In certain embodiments, the heat is supplied
electrically and in another embodiment, the heat is extracted
from the engine. In addition, one embodiment incorporates a cold
starting arrangement wherein fuel is supplied to the engine for
cold starting at full container pressure.
USP # 5,086,747 ~ Internal combustion engine with fuel
heater
Curhan; Jeffrey A.
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine has a
channel member such as a plenum chamber or cylinder head or the
like with an inlet receiving air and fuel to form an air-fuel
mixture and with a pair of outlets furnishing the air-fuel
mixture to respective cylinders or groups of cylinders or to
respective cylinder intake valve openings of two-intake engine
cylinders or the like. A heating device mounted on the channel
member has a heat-exchange surface which intercepts the air and
fuel from the inlet to heat and fully vaporize the fuel to form
the air-fuel mixture and also to divide the fuel mixture between
the two outlets for furnishing the fuel mixture to the
individual cylinders, groups of cylinders or intake valve
openings.
USP # 5,048,501 ~ Fuel economy system for internal
combustion engines
Smith; Dale T. & Amistadi; C. George
Abstract ~ A mechanical process for significantly
improving the octane rating performance of gasoline powered
engines (either conventional carburetion or fuel injection). An
auxiliary system fractionates a precise portion of the required
fuel and combines the fraction thus formed with a conventionally
produced air/fuel mixture in states and proportions which
optimize the combustion process. Different means of implementing
the process are described utilizing an additional fuel
controller which is connected to a fuel supply through an
existing fuel pump which delivers fuel to both the fuel
controller and an existing carburetion of fuel-injection system.
Air for both is drawn through a common air filter. A
proportioning system determines the proper amount of air and
fuel entering the controller where they are mixed. The vapor
fraction is enhanced and stabilized by passing the mixture
through a heat exchanger. This vapor-rich mixture is then
combined with the air/fuel mixture supplied by the existing
system, and introduced into the engine's manifold. Precise
control of the vapor fraction permits highly efficient
combustion heretofore attainable only with chemical additives,
such as tetraethyl lead.
USP # 5,042,447 ~ Thermostatically controlled fuel heater
and cooler
Stone; Walter H.
Abstract ~ A device for heating and cooling fuel
to maintain the temperature of fuel delivered to an engine
within a desired temperature range includes a body (10) having a
fuel inlet (12) and a fuel outlet (14). The body includes a
middle portion (16) and a first heat exchanger portion (18) in
connection with a heat source. The body also includes a second
heat exchanger portion (20) in connection with a heat sink. A
thermostatic actuator (86) positioned adjacent the outlet of the
device, includes a plunger rod (88) that extends responsive to
increased temperature of the fuel passing the actuator. A
movable member (74) is positioned by the plunger rod to direct
fuel to either a first opening (28) from which the fuel passes
through the first heat exchanger portion and is heated, or to a
second opening (30) from which the fuel passes through the
second heat exchanger portion and is cooled. Fuel passing
through the device is divided between the first and second heat
exchanger portions to maintain the fuel delivered from the
device within the desired temperature range.
USP # 5,040,518 ~ Fuel vaporizer manifold
Hamm; Myrle W.
Abstract ~ A fuel vaporizer manifold to be
mechanically interconnected between the carburetor and intake
manifold of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
The vaporizer manifold comprises a plurality of parallel aligned
and longitudinally extending heating tubes and a plurality of
parallel aligned and laterally extending heat conducting fins
that are arranged in thermal contact with said tubes. A portion
the hot exhaust gases being emitted from the engine is recycled
from the exhaust manifold to the carburetor by way of the
heating tubes of the vaporizer manifold to thereby heat the
tubes and the fins in contact therewith. Liquid fuel (e.g.
gasoline), which is mixed with air and supplied to the vaporizer
manifold from the carburetor, flows over the heat conducting
fins, whereby said liquid fuel is vaporized. The vaporized fuel
is supplied from the vaporizer manifold to the intake manifold
to be efficiently combusted within the cylinders of the engine.
Accordingly, the exhaust emitted into the atmosphere by the
engine will be characterized by a relatively low temperature and
less potentially harmful pollutants.
USP # 5,040,517 ~ Carburetor preheater
Cox; Carl C.
Abstract ~ A continuous hot air intake for
carburetor and fuel injection supplied engines that regulates
the temperature of air mixing with fuel that is mixed in the
carburetor or fuel injector prior to introduction to the
cylinders of the engine. The invention includes preferably a
heater and associated filter located at the air intake side of
the carburetor that is activated by circulating heated fluid
contained within the engine cooling system. The heater, in
preferred form, is conveniently sized and circular in
configuration so as to encircle the filter positioned at the air
intake side of the carburetor, however, a circular filter can be
used to encircle the heater. The heater and filter are
encompassed by a releasably securable cover to hold these
components together and in place and to block the entry of dust,
dirt or other invading elements.
USP # 5,038,742 ~ Vaporizer nozzle
Uddin; Mustafa A.
Abstract ~ A vaporizing nozzle which comprises a
wall (16) of porous material through which a liquid to be
evaporated percolates from one side thereof into a gas stream at
the other side thereof and a thermoelectric device (30) located
at or adjacent the wall of porous material whereby to regulate
the temperature thereof. A computer is provided, with a read
only memory (ROM) or equivalent containing a "map" of the air to
fuel ratio required for given values of the various parameters
and compares the sensed values with the map held in memory and
sends an appropriate signal to thermoelectric device controller
which responds by sending a current of the correct magnitude and
polarity to the device such that the device, which is in close
proximity to the wall heats or cools the surface of the wall to
a desired level thus regulating the flow or fuel therethrough.
USP # 5,027,759 ~ Fuel injection and gasifying system for
two-stroke engine
Luo; Jih-Tzang
Abstract ~ A fuel injection and gasifying system
for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The combustion
system includes a piston assembly with a piston furnished with a
gasifying chamber, a cylinder which contains the combustion
apparatus, a crank assembly with a crankcase, an injection
apparatus, and a control apparatus. The crank assembly
manipulates the piston assembly between a first position and a
second position. The injection apparatus delivers a fuel mixture
to the combustion system, and is positioned such that, when the
piston assembly is in the first position, the injection
apparatus opens into the gasifying chamber, and when the piston
assembly is in the second position, the injection apparatus
opens into the crankcase. The control apparatus controls the
operation of injection apparatus. When the temperature of the
gasifying chamber is below the vaporizing temperature of the
fuel the fuel is injected into the crankcase. Once the gasifying
chamber has reached the vaporizing temperature, the fuel is
injected into the gasifying chamber.
USP # 5,019,120 ~ Vapor-accelerated combustion fuel system
Lewis; Alfred M. & Cox; James W
Abstract ~ The invention produces and meters a
constant supply of volatile gasoline vapors into the cylinders
of an internal combustion gasoline engine. The vapors are
produced by releasing them from liquid gasoline through pressure
differential inside a closed vaporizer container. Vapor is
transferred from the container to the fuel delivery mechanism by
introducing the vapor into one or more constant vacuum inlet
ports of the fuel delivery mechanism. A variable gascock valve
regulates the flow of vapor. These constant vacuum inlet ports,
and lines thereto, are standard components of all modern
automobile engines and require no modification for installation
of the invention. All gasoline burned by the engine first passes
through the system's vaporizer container where a portion of the
available vapor (free vapor) is released and transferred to the
fuel delivery mechanism. Unvaporized liquid gasoline within the
container is concurrently pumped to the fuel delivery mechanism
by an auxiliary fuel pump.
USP # 5,012,788 ~ Fuel-air mixture-forming device for
internal combustion engines
Feldinger, Martin
Abstract ~ The present invention proposes a
fuel-air mixture-forming device for internal combustion engines,
having a rotationally symmetric nozzle body (2) which, together
with a rotationally symmetric throttle body (8) displaceable in
it, forms a convergent-divergent nozzle which discharges into a
radial diffusor (6). In the vicinity of the narrowest cross
section (5) of the nozzle there is provided a fuel slot (11)
extending around it and discharging into it, at least one fuel
feed line (9, 10) discharging into the fuel slot. The radial
diffusor is formed by a region of the nozzle body which is
curved outward in the direction of flow of the mixture and by a
wall (15) of a structural member (17) which forms a structural
unit (18) with an intake manifold (7) of the internal combustion
engine, the wall (15) lying opposite the nozzle body and being
rotationally symmetric to the longitudinal axis (1) of the
throttle member and having a bulge (16) pointing toward the
throttle member. Due to its development, the radial diffusor
makes it possible that a film of fuel which necessarily adheres
to the diffusor wall upon injection of the fuel detaches itself,
whereby an improved mixture is formed.
USP # 4,984,555 ~ Diesel engine fuel pipeline heating device
Huang, Kuo-Liang
Abstract ~ The present invention is related to a
diesel engine fuel pipeline heating device and particularly to a
diesel engine fuel pipeline heating device consisting of an
electric heating device and a water (or air) temperature heating
device provided to the exterior of diesel engine fuel pipe. A
diesel engine equipped with such a heating device can be easily
started through the electric heating device to heat the fuel in
the fuel pipe up to a suitable starting temperature around
40.degree. C. (or 104.degree. F.) before starting the engine;
and after starting the engine for some time, namely, when the
temperature in the heating cylinder of water (or air) heating
device has risen to the said suitable combustion temperature
around 40.degree. C. (or 104.degree. F.), the power source of
electric heating device is automatically turned off to stop the
heating action. Then the hot water from the water return pipe of
radiator or the hot air from the exhaust pipeline of exhaust
pipe keeps continued preheating of fuel pipe for a constant
temperature through the water (or air) heating device so as to
continuously keep the full fuel combustion, easily and smoothyl
start and run the engine, save fuel and enhance the horse power
of engine.
USP # 4,979,483 ~ Diesel fuel heater
Ray, Dennis A.
Abstract ~ A diesel fuel heater for heating
diesel fuel prior to its introduction into the diesel engine
wherein said fuel heater comprises top and bottom covers and an
elongate annular section. The fuel heater of the present
invention heats the fuel by passing engine coolant across fuel
carrying fuel tubes located in the heat transfer chamber.
USP # 4,971,018 ~ Diesel fuel heater
Ray, Dennis A.
Abstract ~ A diesel fuel heater for heating
diesel fuel prior to its introduction into the diesel engine
wherein said fuel heater comprises top and bottom covers and an
elongate annular section. The fuel heater of the present
invention heats the fuel by passing engine coolant across fuel
carrying fuel tubes located in the heat transfer chamber.
USP # 4,955,351 ~ Vapor-accelerated combustion fuel system
Lewis, Alfred M. & Cox, James W.
Abstract ~ The invention produces and meters a
constant supply of volatile gasoline vapors into the cylinders
of an internal combustion gasoline engine. The vapors are
produced by releasing them from liquid gasoline through pressure
differential inside a closed vaporizer container. Vapor is
transferred from the container to the fuel delivery mechanism by
introducing the vapor into one or more constant vacuum inlet
ports of the fuel delivery mechanism. A variable gascock valve
regulates the flow of vapor. These constant vacuum inlet ports,
and lines thereto, are standard components of all modern
automobile engines and require no modification for installation
of the invention. All gasoline burned by the engine first passes
through the system's vaporizer container where a portion of the
available vapor (free vapor) is released and transferred to the
fuel delivery mechanism. Unvaporized liquid gasoline within the
container is concurrently pumped to the fuel delivery mechanism
by an auxiliary fuel pump.
USP # 4,883,616 ~ Vaporizer/carburetor and method
Covey, Jr., Ray M.
Abstract ~ A vaporizer unit has an enclosing
casing including a plurality of tubes therein, defining a fuel
passage therethrough, including the tubes. The tubes have coiled
wire screen therein. An auxiliary carburetor is positioned at
the inlet end of the fuel passage, and an outlet passage leads
to the main carburetor of the automobile. The casing also
defines an exhaust passage therethrough, transversely of the
fuel passage, providing heat transfer between the exhaust gases
and the tubes. The temperature of the resulting vaporized fuel
is sensed for varying the flow of the exhaust gases and thereby
controlling the temperature of the vaporized fuel, which is
maintained at 250.degree. F. to 260.degree. F. An electric
crystal is used for breaking down the heavy ends of the fuel.
The rate of flow of air to the main carburetor is varied for
correspondingly varying the rate of intake of vaporized fuel
from the vaporizer unit. Automatic and manual controls are both
utilized selectively, each without interfering with the other.
USP # 4,883,040 ~ Fuel vaporizer
Rocky, William C.
Abstract ~ The invention relates to a method and
system for increasing the output in terms of miles per gallon
attainable by a conventional internal combustion engine. The
improvement in m.p.g. is the result of a fuel vaporizer unit
which utilizes engine collant and exhaust gases in heat exchange
relationship to vaporize raw fuel. The gas vapors are collected
within the vaporizer unit and then directed to the carburetor
wherein it is united with air prior to entering the intake
manifold. It has been found that running an engine on a mixture
of gas vapors and air produces significantly improved mileage
over that otherwise attainable. An additional advantage of the
vaporizer unit is the resulting reduction of the amount of
pollutants released into the atmosphere due to the complete and
total combustion of all the vapors entering the combustion
chambers.
USP # 4,862,859 ~ Apparatus and operating method for an
internal combustion engine
Yunick, Henry
Abstract ~ A method and apparatus for operating
an electric ignition, internal combustion engine that
substantially improves the fuel efficiency by utilizing heat
normally discharged to the ambient to condition and prepare the
fuel mixture prior to entry into the combustion chambers. The
apparatus comprises a fuel vaporizer that transfers heat from
the engine coolant system to the fuel mixture as it leaves a
fuel introducing device such as a carburetor; a fuel mixture
heater for heating the mixture above the vaporization
temperature of the liquid fuel; and, a mixture homogenizer for
thoroughly stirring the fuel mixture that is located in the fuel
mixture flow path intermediate the vaporizer and heater. The
homogenizer is operative to compress the fuel mixture under
certain engine operating conditions and the heater forms the
intake manifold for the engine and includes branch flow paths
and associated conduits that communicate directly with each
combustion chamber through a valve controlled port. The fuel
mixture flow path from the homogenizer is constructed to
minimize energy losses to the ambient.
USP # 4,829,969 ~ Spiral distributor fuel heater
Ray, Dennis A.
Abstract ~ A fuel heating device for internal
combustion engines using engine coolant to heat the fuel prior
to the introduction of the fuel into the carburetor and
utilizing a spiral distributor to evenly heat the fuel and
eliminate vapor lock. The spiral distributor provides a means
for spiraling the fuel through a heat transfer chamber to evenly
heat the fuel and decrease the amount of vaporized fuel created
by heating the fuel.
USP # 4,768,493 ~ Blow-by gas heating system for internal
combustion engines
Ohtaka, Shoichi
Abstract ~ An arrangement for heating the blow-by
gas system of a water cooled type internal combustion engine by
providing engine coolant conduits in heat exchange relationship
with the blow-by gas hoses and PCV valve. In one embodiment a
water jacket surrounds the PCV valve. The heat exchangers
between the blow-by gas system hoses and the coolant hoses are
parallel adjacent conduits in one embodiment and concentric
conduits in another embodiment.
USP # 4,718,393 ~ Air-fuel homogenizer
Bakish, Richard J.
Abstract ~ A device for increasing the homogenity
of the air-fuel stream between the carburetor and the intake
manifold of an internal combustion engine. A first cylindrical
member is connected between the carburetor and intake manifold,
said first cylindrical member having within it multiple sets of
vanes for mixing the gaseous stream flowing within. Means for
controlled heating of the gaseous stream moving through the
first cylindrical member is provided. Means for driving the
gaseous stream through the first cylindrical member is also
provided.
USP # 4,708,100 ~ Two-stroke engine with injected fuel
gasifying chamber in piston
Luo, Jih-Tzang
Abstract ~ It is a reciprocating type of internal
combustion engine, of which the inside of piston is furnished
with a gasifying chamber; the outlet of the gasifying chamber
can, during the piston moving reciprocatingly, be in alignment
with the spraying nozzle on the cylinder and the third
scavenging passage in sequence so as to let the spraying nozzle
directly spray fuel into the gasifying chamber, and to let the
fuel absorb the high temperature heat of the piston top to cause
the fuel to be gasified completely. The gasified fuel flows into
the third scavenging passage during the piston moving downwards
and is to be stored therein temporarily; then, the gasified fuel
is compressed into the cylinder by means of the compressed air
in the crankcase so as to mix with the fresh air entered into
the cylinder via other scavenging passages. The gas mixture is
to be compressed with the upward moving piston, and to be
exploded to generate a mechanical power.
USP # 4,671,245 ~ Throttle valve pipe
Knapp, Heinrich
Abstract ~ A throttle valve pipe is proposed,
which is used for fuel mixture formation for mixture-compressing
internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition.
The throttle valve pipe includes an intake conduit and a
throttle valve is disposed therein and to control fuel flow.
From upstream of the throttle valve fuel can be ejected by an
injection valve in the direction toward the throttle valve. The
throttle valve is made of ceramic and on its surface which faces
the injection valve this valve is provided with an electric
heating resistor film. In the pivoting region of the throttle
valve, a liner of ceramic is inserted into the intake conduit
and the additionally liner surface which forms part of the
intake conduit is provided with an electric heating resistor
film.
USP # 4,667,643 ~ Heated fuel vapourizer and slidable
throttle valve
Arnold, Bruce M.
Abstract ~ Apparatus for supplying a gaseous fuel
mixture to a combustion chamber. A fuel vaporizer vaporizes
liquid fuel which is then mixed with air. The vaporizer and
mixing chamber are heated to maintain the temperature of the
vaporized fuel/air mixture. The vaporizer and mixing chamber are
also interconnected so that vaporized fuel is discharged
directly from the vaporizer into the mixing chamber. A
simplified valve for controlling the quantity of vaporized fuel
discharged into the mixing chamber is provided.
USP # 4,651,702 ~ Air-fuel mixture heating device for
internal combustion engine
Nara, Akio, et al.
Abstract ~ A heating device for heating air-fuel
mixture to be fed to an internal combustion engine has a PTC
heat generator having a flat ring-like form with a portion of
the inner peripheral surface thereof directly exposed to the
passage for the mixture. The heating device also has a heat
radiating member having an inner peripheral heat radiating
surface confronting the mixture passage and jointed to the PTC
heat generator in heat conducting relation therewith.
USP # 4,637,365 ~ Fuel conditioning apparatus and method
Yunick, Henry
Abstract ~ A method and apparatus for operating
an internal combustion engine that substantially improves the
fuel efficiency by utilizing heat normally discharged to the
ambient to condition and prepare the fuel mixture prior to entry
into the combustion chambers. The apparatus comprises a fuel
vaporizer, a fuel mixture heater and a mixture homogenizer
located in a fuel mixture flow path intermediate the vaporizer
and the heater. The fuel vaporizer includes structure defining
an inner heat exchange chamber which receives air and entrained
fuel discharged by a fuel introducing device such as a
carburetor. The fuel mixture is heated and at least partially
vaporized by engine waste heat derived from the engine cooling
system or alternately the engine exhaust system. To facilitate
the transfer of heat to the fuel mixture, a pair of heat
exchange members are disposed in the chamber and include a
supply tube defining a flow path for fluid carrying engine waste
heat and a plurality of bristle-like heat exchange surfaces
radiating outwardly from the supply tube. The bristle-like
surfaces are located in heat exchange relation with the fuel
mixture in the vaporizing chamber and transfer heat from the
heat exchange fluid to the fuel mixture as the fuel mixture
passes through the vaporizer.
USP # 4,611,567 ~ Vaporizer/carburetor
Covey, Jr., Ray M.
Abstract ~ A vaporizer unit has an enclosing
casing including a plurality of tubes therein, defining a fuel
passage therethrough, including the tubes. The tubes have coiled
wire screen therein. An auxiliary carburetor is positioned at
the inlet end of the fuel passage, and an outlet passage leads
to the main carburetor of the automobile. The casing also
defines an exhaust passage therethrough, transversely of the
fuel passage, providing heat transfer between the exhaust gases
and the tubes. The temperature of the resulting vaporized fuel
is sensed for varying the flow of the exhaust gases and thereby
controlling the temperature of the vaporized fuel, which is
maintained at 250.degree. F. to 260.degree. F. An electric
crystal is used for breaking down the heavy ends of the fuel.
The rate of flow of air to the main carburetor is varied for
correspondingly varying the rate of intake of vaporized fuel
from the vaporizer unit. Automatic and manual controls are both
utilized selectively, each without interfering with the other.
USP # 4,603,672 ~ Fuel vaporizer for internal combustion
engine
Keller, R. W.
Absract ~ Pre-cooled aerosol spray fuel/air
mixture is discharged through an array of metering tubes which
are housed within a heat exchange chamber. Engine coolant is
circulated through the heat exchange chamber. As the aerosol
fuel/air mixture is drawn from the carburetor through the
metering tubes and into the manifold, heat transfer from engine
coolant circulating through the heat exchange chamber causes the
aerosol mixture in the metering tubes to vaporize. In a
preferred embodiment, the temperature rise within the heat
exchange chamber is limited by heat transfer to an air
circulation tube which is coiled within the heat exchange
chamber.
USP # 4,593,670 ~ Fuel evaporator for internal combustion
engine
Nara, Akio, et al.
Abstract ~ A fuel evaporator comprises a
ring-shaped heater element made of PTC ceramic, a pipe made of
heat conductive metal and disposed within an air-fuel passage of
an internal combustion engine therealong and a pair of terminal
members for supplying power to the heater element. The heater
element is disposed closely in contact with the outer periphery
of the upper end of the pipe. One end of each of the pair of
terminal members is closely in contact with each of the upper
and under surfaces of the heater element. The fuel evaporator
further comprises a plate-shaped compact made of electricity
insulating rubber or synthetic resin and formed around the upper
end of the pipe. Within the compact, the heater element, the
upper end of the pipe and the terminal members are embedded.
USP # 4,592,329 ~ Apparatus and operating method for an
internal combustion engine
Yunick, Henry
Abstract ~ A method and apparatus for operating
an electric ignition, internal combustion engine that
substantially improves the fuel efficiency by utilizing heat
normally discharged to the ambient to condition and prepare the
fuel mixture prior to entry into the combustion chambers. The
apparatus comprises a fuel vaporizer (50) that transfers heat
from the engine coolant system to the fuel mixture as it leaves
a fuel introducing device such as a carburetor (38); a fuel
mixture heater (52) for heating the mixture above the
vaporization temperature of the liquid fuel; and, a mixture
homogenizer (54) for thoroughly stirring the fuel mixture that
is located in the fuel mixture flow path intermediate the
vaporizer and heater. The homogenizer is operative to compress
the fuel mixture under certain engine operating conditions and
the heater forms the intake manifold for the engine and includes
branch flow paths (152a) and associated conduits (164) that
communicate directly with each combustion chamber (32) through a
valve controlled port (34a). The fuel mixture flow path from the
homogenizer is constructed to minimize energy losses to the
ambient.
USP # 4,583,511 ~ Carburetion apparatus
Greene, Harry E.
Abstract ~ The invention comprises a carburetion
apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine having a
generally conventional carburetor, an intake manifold and an
exhaust manifold. The carburetion apparatus has a central
chamber that receives the fuel-air mixture from the carburetor
and delivers the fuel-air mixture to the intake manifold. The
central chamber is provided with baffles to divert the fluid
flow and cause intimate mixing of fuel and air. The baffles are
such that the manifold vacuum is raised (or, the pressure is
lowered), so the vacuum assists in evaporating liquid fuel. The
baffles may be heated by passing exhaust gases through them, the
exit of the exhaust gas being slowed by a constricted outlet.
USP # 4,579,163 ~ Heat exchanger core and air flow control
Maendel, Jonathan P.
Abstract ~ A heat exchange apparatus includes a
core mounted within a casing and two fans arranged to draw air
from the exterior of a building through the core in a first path
and to draw air from the interior of the building through the
core in a second path. The core is made up from a plurality of
tubular cells each formed from a single folded sheet of aluminum
and having a slot shaped cross section. The short sides of the
slot are arranged to face the inlet of cold exterior air so that
it impinges upon the outer surface of the short side. The fan
drawing the warm air is arranged to direct air onto the other
surface of the short side so that the short side and the
surrounding portions of the long sides act as an effective heat
exchange surface free from the seam of the tubular core which is
arranged adjacent opposite the short side. A differentially
perforated baffle plate spreads the cold air over core such that
more cold air is directed to the warm end of the core. The
amount of warm air passing through the core is arranged to be
greater than the amount of cold air so as to maintain the core
above frosting temperatures. The excess of air can be arranged
by bypassing air to and from the interior of the building
through openings in the casing.
USP # 4,574,764 ~ Fuel vaporization method and apparatus
Earle, John L.
Abstract ~ Carburetor air-fuel mixtures are
directed to a manifold having a plurality of long, small
diameter helical tubes extending upwardly therefrom. An
auxiliary air inlet having an auxiliary choke and an auxiliary
air throttle supplies air to mixtures entering the tubes in
response to engine temperature and carburetor throttle. Heated
engine coolant flows upwardly through a jacket enclosing the
tubes. An outlet manifold receives air-fuel mixtures vaporized
in the tubes and directs them to the engine intake manifold. The
carburetor is mounted on a block having an air-fuel passageway
extending from a top inlet to a side outlet. The block is
mounted atop a block having a passageway having a side inlet
which receives vaporized air-fuel mixtures from the tubes to a
bottom outlet in communication with the intake manifold.
USP # 4,548,183 ~ Operational mode responsive heating
arrangement for internal combustion engine induction system
Hayashi, Yoshimasa
Abstract ~ In an engine system wherein the engine
coolant is permitted to boil and the gaseous coolant used as a
vehicle for removing heat from the engine, a heating jacket
associated with the induction conduit of the engine is supplied
with gaseous coolant via a control valve during cold engine
starts and during modes of engine operation wherein it is
advantageous from the view point of fuel economy to raise the
temperature of the engine and/or the incoming fuel charge. The
supply is terminated under other modes of operation to avoid
heating the incoming charge and reducing charging efficiency.
USP # 4,534,333 ~ Internal combustion engine with air-fuel
mixture heating
Slattery, Gordon C.
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine (1)
includes a supplemental fuel passage (26, 27) which connects the
carburetor (9) to the exhaust chest cover (28). A supplemental
air inlet having a metering orifice (36) and passage (35)
connects to the supplemental fuel passage. The resultant
air-fuel mixture is heated before entry into the combustion
chamber by passing the mixture through a heating passage (32)
directly in front of the exhaust ports (13). When the engine is
at idle with a completely closed throttle valve (19), the entire
air-fuel supply for the engine is provided through the
supplemental fuel and air passages and is heated in the heating
passage prior to combustion. At increasingly open throttle,
air-fuel is increasingly provided from the conventional primary
carburetor output, with the heated air-fuel mixture being
supplied in gradually decreasing amounts.
USP # 4,524,746 ~ Closed circuit fuel vapor system
Hansen, Earl S.
Abstract ~ A closed circuit vapor system wherein
liquid is introduced to an ultrasonic transducer in a vaporizing
chamber where it is vaporized and drawn into a preheater chamber
and then drawn off by a pump and recirculated back to pass
through the heater chamber. In one embodiment, it jets through a
venturi to draw off more vapor from the vaporization chamber for
heating and recirculation. The dry vapors are drawn off only as
needed to meet the engine demands.
USP # 4,513,698 ~ Intake manifold structure for internal
combustion engines
Senga, Akihisa, et al.
Abstract ~ An improved intake manifold structure
for internal combustion engines includes a distribution chamber
having an upper sub-chamber leading to a carburetor and a lower
sub-chamber communicating with the upper sub-chamber through a
communication hole. A plurality of branch passages extend from
the lower sub-chamber to a plurality of combustion chambers. An
air-fuel mixture fed from the carburetor to the distribution
chamber is expanded successively in two steps to promote its
atomization as it passes through the two sub-chambers, thus
improving uniform distribution of the mixture to the respective
branch passages. Engine exhaust gas is returned to the upper
sub-chamber to further promote the atomization of the mixture.
USP # 4,503,833 ~ Apparatus and operating method for an
internal combustion engine
Yunick, Henry
Abstract ~ A method and apparatus for operating
an electric ignition, internal combustion engine that
substantially improves the fuel efficiency by utilizing heat
normally discharged to the ambient to condition and prepare the
fuel mixture prior to entry into the combustion chambers. The
apparatus comprises a fuel vaporizer that transfers heat from
the engine coolant system to the fuel mixture as it leaves a
fuel introducing device such as a carburetor; a fuel mixture
heater for heating the mixture above the vaporization
temperature of the liquid fuel; and, a mixture homogenizer for
thoroughly stirring the fuel mixture that is located in the fuel
mixture flow path intermediate the vaporizer and heater. The
homogenizer is operative to compress the fuel mixture under
certain engine operating conditions and the heater forms the
intake manifold for the engine and includes branch flow paths
and associated conduits that communicate directly with each
combustion chamber through a valve controlled port. The fuel
mixture flow path from the homogenizer is constructed to
minimize energy losses to the ambient.
USP # 4,491,552 ~ Pressurized/heated variable jet carburetor
Wessel, Tim
Abstract ~ A monolithic variable jet carburetor
comprising an air intake, an associated variable jet and an
underlying fuel reservoir, all contained within a pressurized
and heated chamber and whereby the fuel is injected into the
reservoir under pressure and is atomized via an overlying wire
mesh screen and vaporized as it traverses the remainder of the
heated delivery path to the air intake. The heated chamber is
adapted to heat the fuel at all points intermediate the float
chamber and air intake venturi via hot engine gasses or heated
engine coolant and wherein the float chamber is further
pressurized via an air pump. Pressure/temperature sensors
control the relative ratios thereof during normal engine cycling
under various load conditions.
USP # 4,478,198 ~ Fuel treating apparatus for internal
combustion engines
Bruhn, Larry C.
Abstract ~ A housing has an inlet arranged to be
connected to the outlet of a fuel mixing device of an internal
combustion engine such as a carburetor and an outlet arranged to
be connected to the intake manifold of the engine. In a
preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing has two or
more spiral bores. These bores have a cross sectional area less
than the cross sectional area of the outlet of the carburetor to
provide increased time and velocity through the spiral bores and
to isolate the carburetor from vacuum pulsations of the engine.
The defining surfaces of the spiral bores is roughened to
increase atomization. A second embodiment utilizes an elongated
housing also having a spiral path for mixing the fuel and air.
This latter housing has a longitudinal bore which also increases
the velocity of flow of fuel and air mixture through the housing
and includes a vacuum controlled valve arranged upon decreased
vacuum to allow direct flow of fuel to the intake manifold in
bypassing relation for providing a heated area around the spiral
path, such casing being arranged to be connected into the
exhaust manifold for using the heat therefrom.
USP # 4,469,077 ~ Fuel mixture method and apparatus for
internal combustion engines
Wooldridge, Bobby M.
Abstract ~ A housing located between a
conventional carburetor and the intake manifold inlet on a
conventional internal combustion engine (such as that used in an
automobile) has internal compartmentation to receive a volume of
fuel and air mixture from the carburetor and to direct same
through an outlet compartment and thence through a conduit to a
fuel mixture heat exchanger mounted on the engine. The heat
exchanger comprises one or more heat exchanger units each having
a closed cylindrical housing with a plurality of closed,
individual fuel mixture conduits therein (such as copper
tubing). Each cylindrical housing is connected by a conduit,
such as a hose, to the hot air exhaust manifold of the engine so
that the heated air from the manifold is directed through each
housing and around the heat exchanger tubes therein. A filter
unit comprises a closed housing which receives the heated fuel
through a porous screen baffle and a series of conventional
ceramic or foam plastic or other types of filter material. The
method comprises the procedure of directing the fuel mixture
from the carburetor through the above system and apparatus and
back into the engine.
USP # 4,465,053 ~ Fuel system having low profile gasket
heater
Berg; Peter G.
Abstract ~ A fuel system for an internal
combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater
accommodated in low profile gasket means at a location between a
throttle body mounting flange and a mating intake manifold
flange for heating the throttle body. The gasket means comprises
a relatively rigid electrically insulating spacer forming a
chamber, a heat-transfer member and a terminal secured to
opposite sides of a heater for mounting and making electrical
connection to the heater which is accommodated in the spacer
chamber, and relatively thin outer layers of more compressible
gasket material for sealingly engaging the throttle body and
mating manifold flange means respectively.
USP # 4,463,737 ~ Fuel system having gasket heater
Berg, Peter G. & Strobel, Stephen J
Abstract ~ A fuel system for an internal
combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater
accommodated in gasket means disposed between a throttle body
flange and a mating flange on an intake manifold so that the
heater is located immediately adjacent an idling speed fuel
inlet nozzle or the like in the throttle body for transferring
heat to the nozzle area through the throttle body flange to
prevent freeze-up of the nozzle during engine operation.
USP # 4,438,750 ~ Device for fuel delivery to internal
combustion engine with vaporization of injected fuel
Sviridov, Jury B., et al.
Abstract ~ Disclosed is a device for fuel
delivery to an internal combustion engine, mprising a vaporizing
element whose one section is heated by exhaust gases and the
other section is disposed in an intake duct and has an operating
surface, a fuel charge being injected onto said surface by an
injection nozzle. In this device the operating surface of the
vaporizing element extends from its section heated by the
exhaust gases to a diametrically opposite portion of the intake
duct, and the orifice of the injection nozzle is directd
tangentially as close to the operating surface of the vaporizing
element as possible.
USP # 4,434,772 ~ Combustion mixture generator for internal
combustion engines
Hartel, Gunter, et al.
Abstract ~ A carburettor or other combustible
mixture generator 1 has a mixture chamber 3 surrounded by a
tubular wall 2 which has an inner skin 9 and an outer skin 10
with an annular heating chamber 11 between them. Heating fluid
such as exhaust gas or heated engine cooling water flows through
the chamber 11 from an inlet 12 to an outlet 13 and so heats the
inner skin 9. A fuel metering device 6, 7 directs the fuel on to
the surface of the heated skin 9 and thus causes the fuel to be
evaporated within the mixing chamber 3 upstream of a throttle 4.
This greatly improves the uniformity of the mixture and the
uniformity of its distribution through an inlet downstream of
the throttle 4.
USP # 4,425,899 ~ Intake heating device of an internal
combustion engine
Kato, Keigo & Kuroiwa, Yoshio
Abstract ~ The present invention proposes an
intake heating device of an internal combustion engine. The
intake heating device has a hollow heater vessel comprising an
inner pipe and an outer pipe between which an enclosed area is
defined. For heating the inner pipe, a plurality of PTC elements
are disposed in said enclosed area. The protection of the PTC
elements from water, oil and the like is accomplished by
coupling the inner and outer pipes hermetically and by embedding
the lead members for applying voltage to PTC elements integrally
in the outer pipe wall when it is being cast. For maintaining
the fundamental function of the PTC elements, at least one of
the lead members embedded in the pipe wall is formed in a
tubular shape along which a through hole can be provided for
allowing a certain amount of air to flow into said enclosed
area.
USP # 4,420,439 ~ Constant pressure carburettors
Hartel, Gunter, et al.
Abstract ~ A downdraught carburettor of the
constant pressure type has a mixing chamber 2 with an
operator-controlled throttle valve 3 at its downstream end and a
choke valve 10, which is operated by a diaphragm box 20 in
dependence upon the pressure in the mixing chamber 2, at its
upstream end. Fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber from an
annular duct 5 through ports 6 to the wall of the mixing chamber
down which the fuel flows in the form of a thin film. The film
is evaporated to form the mixture by a heating jacket 16 which
surrounds the mixing chamber 2 and is heated by engine cooling
water or exhaust gases. In order to prevent the film of fuel
from being broken up before it has been heated and evaporated,
which tends to happen owing to turbulence in the air stream
caused by the choke valve 10, an inner tube 11 is provided. The
choke valve 10 is situated in the upstream end of the inner tube
11 so that the fuel film is screened by the tube 11 from any
turbulence caused by the valve 10. Air flow to draw fuel from
the ports 6 and build up the film on the wall of the mixing
chamber takes place through narrow annular ducts 12 between the
tube 11 and the surrounding mixing chamber wall, these narrow
ducts being uniformly spaced apart around the whole of the
outside of the tube 11.
USP # 4,399,794 ~ Carburetion system
Gagnon, David C.
Abstract ~ This carburetion system for
automobiles serves to increase gasoline mileage greatly, and it
consists primarily of a regulator for metering drops of fuel
onto a motor-driven fan in a fuel and air mixing chamber. It
further includes a heat expansion cylinder connected to the
mixing chamber, so as to vaporize the mixture fully and
completely by exhaust gases of the engine, prior to the fuel and
air gas entering the cylinders of the automobile engine.
USP # 4,388,910 ~ Intake expansion chamber apparatus for
internal combustion engines
Birdwell, Glenn E.
Abstract ~ An intake expansion chamber apparatus
(10) for internal combustion engines is disclosed which preheats
and expands the vaporized fuel/air mixture as the mixture flows
between the carburetor and the combustion chamber. The apparatus
includes an expansion chamber section (18) through which the
fuel/air mixture flows between an inlet (20) connected in fluid
communication with the intake manifold and an outlet (26) joined
in fluid communication with the intake manifold at a location
downstream from the outlet. The fuel/air mixture is heated
during its passage through the expansion chamber by a heat
transfer surface (30) to improve the vaporization and to more
completely combust the hydrocarbons upon ignition. A safety
valve (46) is provided to release pressure built up within the
expansion chamber as during an engine backfire.
USP # 4,379,770 ~ Carburetors for internal combustion
engines
Bianchi, Valerio
Abstract ~ A constant pressure carburettor
comprises a mixing chamber 2 which is surrounded by a heating
jacket 12, an operator controlled throttle valve 3 at the
downstream end of the chamber 2, a fuel feeder 5, 6 at the
upstream end of the mixing chamber and a choke valve 10 at an
air inlet to the carburettor. The choke valve 10 is, in use,
controlled automatically by the air flow into the carburettor in
dependence on the opening of the throttle valve 3 and the speed
of the engine to which the carburettor is fitted. The choke
valve 10 tends to produce vortices or turbulence in the air flow
and this tends to cause the fuel supplied by the feeder 5, 6 to
the wall of the chamber 2 to be prematurely removed before it is
heated. This adversely affects the vaporization of the fuel and
the formation of the air-fuel mixture. To avoid turbulence or
vortices in the chamber 2, a stabilization conduit 16 is
provided between the choke valve 10 and the fuel feeder 5, 6.
The conduit 16, which preferably has two right-angle bends as
shown, damps out or at least decreases the vortices or
turbulence in the air flow before it reaches the mixing chamber
2.
USP # 4,377,148 ~ Fuel mixture heating device of an internal
combustion engine
Ishida, Yasuhiko
Abstract ~ A fuel mixture heating device of an
internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor
mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A
hollow cylindrical body having a radially outwardly extending
flange is arranged at the lower end of the air horn of the
carburetor. A plurality of PTC elements is arranged to be in
contact with the flange of the hollow cylindrical body for
heating the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body.
USP # 4,372,275 ~ Fuel vaporizing carburetor
Schmidt, Arlo R.
Abstract ~ A liquid fuel vaporizing carburetor
for an internal combustion engine including a housing having a
fuel reservoir, a filter assembly including a plurality of
filters of progressively smaller pores positioned in said
housing; one of said filters being immersed in the fuel
reservoir, a baffle for drifting incoming air into the filter in
the reservoir and secondary air into openings in the housing to
add secondary air to the air-fuel mixture as the air-fuel
mixture passes through the filter assemblies.
USP # 4,366,798 ~ Fuel mixture heating device of an internal
combustion engine
Goto, Shuji
Abstract ~ A fuel mixture heating device of
an internal combustion engine having a downdraft type carburetor
mounted on the collecting portion of the intake manifold. A
hollow cylindrical heater vessel is arranged at the lower end of
the air horn of the carburetor. The heater vessel comprises an
inner pipe, an outer pipe and PTC elements inserted between the
inner pipe and the outer pipe for heating the inner pipe before
the completion of warm-up of the engine. The inner pipe has a
thin wall having a corrugated cross-section. The inner wall of
the PTC elements are in contact with the outer wall of the inner
pipe. An air gap is present between the outer pipe and the outer
walls of the PTC elements. A plurality of plate springs is
inserted between the outer pipe and the corresponding PTC
elements.
USP # 4,357,926 ~ Pollution emission control and fuel saving
device for internal combustion engines
Quick; Thomas E.
Abstract ~ For the purpose of increasing internal
combustion engine efficiency and of decreasing the polluting
content of the engine exhaust, the present invention centrifuges
a conventionally produced liquid fuel-air mixture to separate
and maintain the liquid content thereof in contact with a heated
surface to collect latent heat energy until the same is
evaporated and then using the molecular spreading energy forces
to attain substantially equally spaced fuel vapor molecules
among all of the equally spaced air molecules as they move into
the combustion chamber of the engine, to thereby assure a more
complete molecular fuel-air mixture, for more complete,
efficient and pollution emission free combustion.
USP # 4,338,906 ~ Fuel charge preheater
Cox, Nathan
Abstract ~ A fuel preheater for an internal
combustion engine directs incoming fuel from inlet manifold (40)
against an end wall (22) heated by exhaust gas in conduit (14).
The heated mixture is passed through a screen element (30) and
traverses a helical path before entry into the intake manifold
(50) of the engine. Heating of the mixture to a temperature
between 427.degree.-482.degree. C. is disclosed as being
advantageous to operation of the engine from the standpoint of
noxious emissions.
USP # 4,336,783 ~ Fuel vaporizer carburetor for internal
combustion engine
Henson, Walter M.
Abstract ~ A fuel vaporizer carburetor provides a
continuous mixture of vaporized fuel and combustion air for
operation of an internal combustion engine to meet the
requirements of a wide range of engine operating conditions.
Fuel vapor and combustion air undergo turbulent intermixing in
an elongated mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is enclosed by a
tubular wick of fiber mesh material which is saturated with fuel
vapors and fuel condensate. The fuel vapors are generated by
heating fuel in a float bowl which underlies the wick.
Combustion air is admitted through a plurality of angularly
spaced openings and is conducted through the porous flow passage
provided by the tubular wick prior to entry into the mixing
chamber. This arrangement produces a cyclonic, whirling movement
which promotes intermixing of the combustion air and fuel
vapors. Turbulence is induced at an intermediate point in the
mixing chamber by a tapered sidewall housing section. The flow
rate of the combustion air is limited by spring-loaded closure
plates mounted over the inlet openings.
USP # 4,318,386 ~ Vortex fuel air mixer
Showalter, M. Robert
Abstract ~ A vortex fuel air mixer is positioned
between the air throttle and the intake manifold of an engine.
Part of the expansion flow velocity past the air throttle flows
tangentially into the vortex chamber of the mixer, providing
angular momentum which drives the flow into a vortical pattern.
The flow streamlines within the vortical flow form into a
generally irrotational flow pattern which swirls from the
outside wall of the vortex chamber inwardly to a central vortex
chamber outlet. This outlet feeds the engine intake manifold.
Centrifugal forces in the swirling flow fling fuel droplets to
the outside wall of the vortex chamber (in the manner of a
cyclone scrubber). This liquid fuel must evaporate in order to
leave the vortex chamber. The interaction of the evaporation,
flow structure and turbulence relations inside the vortex
chamber produces an essentially homogeneous mixture at the
vortex chamber outlet. Fuel evaporation time in the vortex
chamber is quite short, so that the device exhibits excellent
transient response.
USP # 4,302,407 ~ Heating of combustible mixture generators
for internal combustion engines
Hartel, Guunter & Schurfeld, Armin
Abstract ~ A carburettor or other mixture
generator 1 for an internal combustion engine has a mixing
chamber 3 which is surrounded by a tubular wall 2 and delimited
at its ends by a throttle valve 4 and a choke 5. The wall 2 is
double-skinned with a water heating chamber 10 between the
skins. In order to heat the wall 2 and prevent the condensation
of liquid fuel upon it, water from a cooling water circuit of
the engine to which the carburettor is fitted is circulated
through the chamber 10 under the control of a thermally operated
valve 21. Since the cooling water will no heat the carburettor
until the engine itself has become heated, the carburettor is
also provided with electrical heating for cold starting
purposes. The chamber 10 is raised so that when the engine
cooling water pump is not operating the chamber 10 is empty and
the inside skin 9 of the wall 2 is made of electric resistance
heating material. The supply of electric power to heat the skin
9 is switched on by closing the ignition switch of the engine
and it is subsequently automatically switched off by a
temperature-sensitive switch 15 when the cooling water of the
engine reaches a sufficiently high temperature to take over the
heating of the carburettor.
USP # 4,300,513 ~ Carburetor attachment
Ray, Dennis A.
Abstract ~ A plate mounted between the carburetor
and intake manifold having horizontally extending passageways
and inlet and outlet ports communicating with four vertical
apertures aligned with the passageways of the carburetor and
intake manifold. Double-walled tubular heat exchangers, formed
of spaced apart outer and inner jackets, are disposed in the
vertical apertures, the spaces between the outer and inner
jackets communicating with the plate passageways and being
sealed from the inside of the inner jackets, such that engine
coolant can be circulated through such spaces and through the
plate to cause preheating of the fuel-air mixture as it passes
through the inside of the exchangers and into the intake
manifold. The inner periphery of each inner jacket has ring
shaped serrations and a downward taper, which together with
preheating by the heat exchangers results in significantly
improved vaporization of the fuel-air mixture.
USP # 4,286,564 ~ System for preheating fuel
Van Tuyl, Richard
Abstract ~ The present invention relates to a
system for preheating gas prior to entry into the carburetor and
further preheating the air-fuel mixture passing from the
carburetor into the intake manifold of the engine. In
particular, the present invention entails a heat exchanger plate
assembly disposed between the engine carburetor and the engine
with openings provided therein for allowing the air-fuel mixture
to pass therethrough. Additionally, the heat exchanger plate
assembly includes a first compartment operatively connected to
the engine cooling system and a second adjacent compartment
operatively connected to the fuel supply line. The fuel is
preheated by the exchange of heat between the first and second
compartments, and further since the coolant fluid is circulated
through the first compartment and the same is adjacent openings
allowing the air-fuel mixture to pass from the carburetor to the
engine, it follows that the air-fuel mixture itself is also
heated by the heat exchanger plate assembly.
USP # 4,256,066 ~ Carburetor
Serruys, Max Y. A. M.
Abstract ~ The invention relates to a carburettor
comprising a conduit with an air-intake and a fuel-introduction
device in this conduit, the latter being intended to supply a
carburetted fuel mixture to at least one combustion chamber of
an explosion engine, and a throttle-valve means mounted in the
conduit for controlling the supply flow-rate of carburetted
mixture to the combustion chamber, the conduit further
comprising a device with surfaces distributed over the
transverse section of the conduit, this device being located in
the conduit between the fuel-introduction device and the
throttle-valve and providing a means of complete or almost
complete vaporization of the fuel, thus avoiding inequalities of
distribution of the richness of the mixture over the transverse
section of the conduit, on the downstream side of the
throttle-valve. The surfaces device may comprise a plurality of
corrugated fins mounted in a rectilinear portion of the conduit
or it may comprise a plurality of incurved fins mounted in an
elbow of the conduit, or again the surfaces device consists of a
nest of transverse tubes in mutually staggered relation. The
throttle-valve means preferably comprises two symmetrical
conjointly-operated shutters pivotally mounted on shafts
transversely to the conduit.
USP # 4,212,274 ~ Pollution emission control and fuel saving
device for internal combustion engines
Quick, Thomas E.
Abstract ~ Carbonation enhancer having a
cylindrical shell that is closed at one end by an envolute wall
spaced from the inner end of a withdrawal tube, the output
stream of a conventional carburetor is directed tangentially
into space between the shells and caused to move in a spiral
path toward the envolute closure wall by a spiral vane in the
space and on reaching the envolute wall to move radially
inwardly and into the inner end of the withdrawal tube to travel
axially in a direction opposite that of the spiral path with the
stream exiting the tube to enter the inlet manifold of the
engine. Waste engine heat is applied to the exterior of the
cylindrical shell in an amount sufficient to vaporize liquid
fuel droplets centrifuged thereagainst from the stream as the
latter traverses the spiral path portion of its travel from the
carburetor to the intake manifold.
USP # 4,192,270 ~ Fuel system
Beckman, Christopher P.
Abstract ~ A fuel system for an internal
combustion engine in which an air-gasoline mixture from a
carburetor is fed through a plurality of chambers and through a
plurality of curved, horizontally positioned, heated tubes which
output the mixture to the intake manifold of the engine.
USP # 4,167,165 ~ Fuel vaporizers for internal combustion
engines
Finlay, Ian C. & Gallacher, George R.
Abstract ~ A self-regulating, fast-response fuel
vaporizer is disclosed which is cape of promoting increased
efficiency of combustion of the fuel supplied to a spark
ignition engine throughout the entire working range of the
engine. The vaporizer comprises an inlet conduit through which
fuel-air mixture is admissible to the engine, the mixture being
directly heated within the conduit by an exhaust conduit which
intersects with the inlet conduit. Use is made in the design of
the respective heat transfer surfaces, of an inherent effect
that flow pulsations have upon heat transference between a gas
flowing in a tube and the walls of that tube, to provide a
selected inverse relationship between heat transfer coefficient
and engine speed whereby automatic regulation may be achieved of
the heat supplied to the fuel-air mixture for all engine speeds.
USP # 4,161,931 ~ Vapor temperature controlled exhaust gas
heat exchanger
Giardini, Dante S. & Hamburg, Douglas R.
Abstract ~ An exhaust gas heat exchanger for
vaporizing a liquid fuel is disclosed. The exhaust gas heat
exchanger includes exhaust gas flow control valve means,
responsive to a vapor temperature, to control the delivery of
heated exhaust gases to a heat exchanger coil. A heat exchanger
housing is communicated with the exhaust gas conduit of an
otherwise conventional internal combustion engine and is
provided with means defining a pair of generally parallel
exhaust gas flow chambers. A fluid conducting heat exchanger
assembly, in the form of one or more helical coils of fluid
conducting tubing, is disposed within one of said at least two
chambers in the housing. The tubing communicates on an upstream
end with a source of liquid fuel and communicates on a
downstream end with a vapor reservoir. The heat exchanger coil
is arranged to have a maximum surface to volume ratio by
including a plurality of individual fluid conduits arranged in
side by side relationship. A diverter valve member is disposed
within the housing body and is operative to modulate the portion
of the total exhaust gas stream which passes through and over
the heat exchanger coil assembly. A vacuum motor actuates the
valve member between a pair of stops. The vacuum motor
communicates through a vacuum valve with a source of vacuum as
the internal combustion engine. The position of the vacuum
valve, and hence the position of the diverter valve member, may
be controlled by a temperature responsive unit which senses a
vapor temperature at any desired vapor temperature location.
USP # 4,151,820 ~ Carburetion system for internal combustion
motor
Furacz, Istvan
Abstract ~ The disclosure describes a carburetion
system for an internal combustion motor which operates with a
mixture of vapor fuel and air. The system comprises: a
carburetor which is characterized by operating as a continuous
injection system, and a removeable heat exchanger which is
incorporated into the admission system before the exhaust
system, in order to heat the admission system. The carburetor is
supplied under constant pressure through a pressure regulator
which enables to vary the pressure of the fuel depending on the
operating conditions and the behavior of the motor in general;
moreover, the carburetor is provided with automatic control
means to regulate the proportion of the quantities of air which
accompany the formation of vapor fuel and the heat exchanger;
finally, this system enables to limit the premature expansion of
the combustible mixture which is introduced into the combustion
chambers.
USP # 4,147,144 ~ Carburetion system for internal combustion
motor
Furucz, Istvan
Abstract ~ A disclosure describes a carburetion
system for an internal combustion motor which operates wih a
mixture of vapor fuel and air. The system comprises: a
carburetor which is characterized by operating as a continuous
injection system, and a removable heat exchanger which is
incorporated into the admission system before the exhaust
system, in order to heat the admission system. The carburetor is
supplied under constant pressure through a pressure regulator
which enables to vary the pressure of the fuel depending on the
operating conditions and the behavior of the motor in general;
moreover, the carburetor is provided with automatic control
means to regulate the proportion of the quantities of air which
accompany the formation of vapor fuel and the heat exchanger;
finally, this system enables to limit the premature expansion of
the combustible mixture which is introduced into the combustion
chambers.
USP # 4,142,481 ~ Vaporific carburetor
Minoza, Clemente
Abstract ~ This invention relates to a vaporific
carburetor for a gasoline engine, consisting of an evaporator
tube assembly inclined to the horizon, an auxiliary fuel tank
assembly at the upper end of the evaporator tube assembly, a
mixer tube assembly at the lower portion of the evaporator tube
assembly and an auxiliary water tank connected by a small water
pipe to the upper portion of the evaporator tube assembly. The
vaporific carburetor differs from the vaporizer carburetor in
four different aspects. The first difference is in the cut at
the outlet of the high speed tube, and the position of the cut
with respect to the venturi. In the vaporizer carburetor the
said cut is perpendicular to the wall of the venturi while in
the vaporific carburetor the said cut is parallel with the wall
of the venturi. The second difference is in the connection of
the inlet of the idling speed tube. In the vaporizer carburetor
the inlet of the idling speed tube is connected to the
evaporator tube at a point below the air holes of the evaporator
tube. In the vaporific carburetor the joint of the inlet of the
idling speed tube to the evaporator tube is above the air holes
of the evaporator tube. The third difference is in the position
of the discharging portions of the two siphon tubes. In the
vaporizer carburetor the discharging ends of both siphon tubes
are inside the evaporator tube. In the vaporific carburetor the
discharing end of the idling speed siphon tube is inside the
evaporator tube while the discharging end of the high speed
siphon tube is outside the evaporator tube. The fourth
difference is that the inlet of the idling speed siphon tube in
the vaporizer carburetor is made of pure metal while in the
vaporific carburetor the inlet of the idling speed siphon tube
is lined with plastic or leather.
USP # 4,108,953 ~ Fuel vaporizing device
Rocco, Andrew
Abstract ~ A device for completely vaporizing the
fuel delivered to an internal combustion engine so as to
minimize the emission of air pollutants. The device includes a
heat conducting tubular housing, a heat conducting screen within
and coaxial with the housing with an annular space between the
housing and the screen, a heat conducting helical coil within
the annular space and coaxial with the housing and the screen,
and means for heating the helical coil, either electrically, or
with heated air. In one form, a diffuser within and coaxial with
the screen adjacent the inlet of the housing directs a fuel and
air mixture outwardly into contact with the screen, helical coil
and housing. In another form, a fuel injecting means within and
coaxial with the screen adjacent the inlet end of the housing
sprays fuel toward the outlet end of the housing and outwardly
against the screen. A de-icer tube communicates with the inlet
end of the housing for delivering heated air thereto under icing
conditions.
USP # 4,106,457 ~
Totten, George F. & Harman, Wayne L.
Abstract ~ There is disclosed apparatus for
converting liquid fuel into a highly combustible dry gaseous
fuel for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injector
connected to a heated baffle chamber containing a multiplicity
of baffles, heated to the exhaust temperature of an internal
combustion engine. The heated baffle chamber in turn
communicates with an unheated baffle chamber containing a
plurality of unheated baffles, which in turn communicates with a
distribution chamber with throttle valves and a venturi to
controllably disperse the dry gaseous fuel mixed with air into
the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
USP # 4,085,721 ~ Evaporation purge control device
Vardi, Joseph & Kittler, Milton J.
Abstract ~ Hydrocarbon fuel vapors from an
internal combustion engine are adsorbed during engine
nonoperation on an adsorbent and thereafter desorbed during
engine operation by backflowing atmospheric air therethrough and
then combusted in said engine. Desorption is initiated and
maintained when the total air flow to the engine reaches a
predetermined minimum amount.
USP # 4,053,013 ~ Multi-purpose apparatus for heating or
cooling fluids
Guba, Peter
Abstract ~ Apparatus for heating or cooling a
fluid includes a housing having a chamber, the housing having an
inlet and an outlet with a flow path for the fluid defined
therebetween, the inlet communicating between the chamber and a
source of the fluid. A rotor is positioned within the chamber
and includes a tubular member passing through the rotor and in
the flow path between the inlet and the outlet. Portions of the
rotor surrounding the tubular member define a hollow space, the
rotor being mounted on a hollow shaft in order that means, such
as another fluid, may be utilized at the periphery of the
tubular member to effect a change in the temperature of the
fluid passing through the tubular member.
USP # 4,048,969 ~ Fuel vaporizer apparatus
Widman, D. Edward
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine has the
usual gasoline tank, electric starter, cam-operated fuel pump
and inlet and exhaust manifolds. The exhaust manifold is
converted to a heat exchanger by running steel tubing
therethrough having an inlet connected to a second electrically
operated pump and an outlet connected through electrically
operated normally closed shutoff valve means to the intake
conduit of a standard L.P. gas carburetor. The carburetor is
connected to the inlet manifold by a base plate connected
through an electrically operated shutoff valve to the
cam-operated pump and provided with spray jet means for
supplying liquid gasoline spray to the inlet manifold for
starting. An electric switch having two "on" positions is
provided, in the first position battery power is provided for
starting and for opening the valve to the base plate and then
for holding the valve open for about a minute at which time the
switch is turned to its second position shutting off the valve
to the base plate gas supply and turning on the electric pump
and opening the valve means to the L.P. carburetor. A gasoline
collecting reservoir between the L.P. valve means and the L.P.
carburetor continuously returns any liquid gasoline to the
electrically operated pump intake.
USP # 4,044,741 ~ Fuel vapor generator
Swingley, Wayne
Abstract ~ A fuel vapor generator in the form of
a heat conductive member having an elongated U-shaped passageway
formed through it. The member is mounted at the exterior of a
carburetor venturi. A first open inlet end of the passageway
extends through the venturi walls and receives atomized fuel
from the main fuel nozzle and a portion of the incoming air.
This fuel and air mixture is directed through the passageway
where it is heated and the fuel is vaporized. The fuel and air
are drawn from the passageway and returned into the venturi at a
location downstream from the main nozzle. A series of mesh
screens extending across the passageway and spaced along its
length assist in atomizing the fuel and assuring efficient
conduction of heat to the entire mixture of fuel and air within
the passageway.
USP # 4,030,457 ~ Vapor carburetor
Hawryluk, Peter
Abstract ~ A device for feeding vaporized
gasoline into the intake of an internal combustion engine. The
fuel-air line leading from the conventional engine carburetor is
passed through a chamber heated by exhaust gas to the intake
ducts of the engine. The fuel line from the fuel pump travels
through an electrically operated valve which directs the fuel
either to the carburetor, for starting the engine, or
alternately in a warmed engine, to a metering valve located on
the fuel-air line in the heated chamber. The fuel line from the
valve to the metering device passes through an auxilliary
heating chamber to vaporize the fuel prior to its passage
through the metering device into the engine fuel-air line.
USP # 4,022,172 ~ Manifold heat exchanger
Fingeroot, Max
Abstract ~ A manifold heat exchanger for an
internal combustion engine is disclosed as including an enclosed
liquid receptacle having a heat receiving portion projecting
into an exhaust manifold and a heat dissipating portion
projecting into an associated intake manifold. The receptacle is
partially filled by a quantity of liquid that is vaporized by
heat from the exhaust gases flowing over the heat receiving
portion of the receptacle. The vaporized liquid transfers heat
to the heat dissipating portion of the receptacle so as to heat
a combustible charge flowing within the intake manifold. The
intake manifold is preferably located above the exhaust manifold
so that gravity normally positions the unvaporized liquid within
the heat receiving portion of the receptacle. The liquid
receptacle also preferably has a mushroom shape with an
elongated lower portion defining its heat receiving portion and
a partially spherical upper portion that defines the heat
dissipating portion. The spherical heat dissipating portion is
impinged by the combustible charge as it enters the intake
manifold so as to provide the heating of the charge. A heat
shield located within the exhaust manifold concentrates the heat
exchange from the exhaust gases to the heat receiving portion of
the receptacle. A common attachment member secures both the
receptacle and the heat shield to the manifolds.
USP # 4,003,357 ~ Carburetion system for internal combustion
motor
Furucz, Istvan
Abstract ~ The disclosure describes a carburetion
system for internal combustion motor comprising a carburetor, a
heat exchanger and an admission block. The carburetor has a
carburetion chamber for each motor cylinder and is provided with
a motor-fuel reservoir, each chamber having a butterfly valve
for controlling the introduction of air. A primary circuit
individually feeds each chamber from the reservoir while a
secondary circuit, which is independent from the chambers,
directly feeds the motor cylinders with an excess of motor fuel
which is fed from the reservoir. The heat exchanger, which is
connected to the carburetor, comprises an independent heat
exchange compartment for each carburetion chamber to which it is
connected for enabling the mixture which is produced in the
chamber to flow directly into the compartment. The combustion
gases of the motor are brought around the compartments for
evaporating the motor fuel of the mixture which flows therein.
The heat exchanger also comprises a secondary circuit which is
independent from the compartments and is connected to the
secondary circuit of the carburetor for directly feeding the
motor cylinders with an excess of motor fuel. The admission
block is connected to the exchanger and comprises independent
admission chambers, each one of them being connected to a
compartment of the exchanger. Moreover, each chamber is
connected to the secondary circuit of the heat exchanger in
order to feed each motor cylinder with a mixture and with an
excess, of motor fuel.
USP # 3,996,906 ~ Controlled exhaust gas fuel atomizing
nozzle
Bubniak, William C.
Abstract ~ A fuel atomizing nozzle for use as a
component part of a pressurized carburetor for an internal
combustion engine in an automotive vehicle includes a housing
forming part of the induction fluid passage through the
carburetor, the housing having an inlet passage therein
terminating at one end at an induction port, flow through which
is controlled by a throttle-nozzle in the form of a poppet valve
having a head and a stem, the stem being slidably received
within a stepped valve guide bore in the housing, the guide bore
having a stepped enlarged internal diameter adjacent to the
induction passage to form, with the stem of the throttle-nozzle,
a fuel discharge outlet, a fuel pressure regulator is associated
with the housing to control fuel flow from a source of fuel
under pressure to the fuel discharge outlet. An air-exhaust gas
mixing valve has its outlet connected to the inlet passage in
the housing, the mixing valve having an inlet for induction air
and an exhaust inlet connectable to the exhaust system of the
engine, a butterfly valve being positioned to control the flow
of exhaust gases through the mixing valve, the butterfly valve
being actuated by a linkage system operatively connected to the
fuel pressure regulator whereby movement of the butterfly valve
is controlled as a function of the fuel pressure in the fuel
pressure regulator. The throttle-nozzle, in poppet valve form,
functions as the primary throttle valve for the pressurized
carburetor and is adapted to be operated by the usual throttle
pedal control actuator by a vehicle operator.
USP # 3,989,014 ~ Ignited internal combustion engine
operated with charge stratification
Brandstetter, Walter
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine with
charge stratification and spark ignition comprises a main
combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber, the main
combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber being
interconnected by a short passage. Hot gases flow past an outer
surface of the auxiliary combustion chamber in heat exchange
contact therewith for rapidly heating the auxiliary combustion
chamber to a temperature within an optimum range to prevent
condensation from forming in the auxiliary combustion chamber.
USP # 3,977,366 ~ Intake system of internal combustion
engine
Yamaguchi, Shunzo & Iwamoto, Kenzi
Abstract ~ An intake system for
intercommunicating a carburetor and a combustion chamber of
internal combustion engines which has a cylinder head, an intake
port provided in the cylinder head, an intake valve located in
the intake port and an exhaust manifold communicated with the
combustion chamber. At least two intake passages are provided to
join together at that part in the intake port which is
immediately before the intake valve. One of the intake passages
passes through the exhaust manifold, whereby the atomized fuel
particles in an air-fuel mixture to be sucked in the combustion
chamber can be positively vaporized without accompanying high
temperature rising of the mixture.
USP # 3,961,616 ~ Fuel vaporizer for engines
Brown, George A.
Abstract ~ An approximately 1 inch thick plate, 4
or 5 inches square, having a plurality of 1/16 inch perforations
drilled through the 1 inch thickness and extending over
approximately half of the central square area of the plate, and
with exhaust gas passages surrounding the drilled hole area, is
inserted in the flow path of the fuel and air mixture from the
carburetor to the intake manifold of an engine. An exhaust gas
supply line leads from the exhaust manifold of an engine, to the
plate, and from the plate downstream to a further exhaust gas
outlet in the form of a coupling with the PCV line which
communicates with the carburetor in a conventional manner. In
operation, this vaporizes the fuel as it passes through the
plate.
USP # 3,957,024 ~ Device for vaporizing liquid fuel
Mills, Walter D.
Abstract ~ A liquid containing heat pipe for
vaporizing uncombusted fuel is disclosed having a liquid
transfer storage zone and optionally separate heating means
disposed to heat only part of the liquid in said pipe.
USP # 3,944,634 ~ Carburetor idling system
Gerlach, Charles R.
Abstract ~ An improved idling system for a
carburetor in which the idling fuel is directed into the
carburetor or manifold at a point spaced downstream from the
throttle valve, and an air bleed modulation passageway for
conducting air to a position adjacent the outlet of the idling
fuel for controlling the air pressure at the idling fuel outlet
for controlling the idle fuel flow rate. The air modulation
passageway varying the idle fuel delivery as a function of
throttle position and manifold pressure. A vortex chamber having
a tangential air inlet for receiving and atomizing the idle fuel
and air. Various tail pipe modifications may be connected to the
outlet of the vortex for varying the fuel delivery
characteristics. A convergent-divergent passageway may be
provided between the idle fuel-air mixture prior to its
injection into the intake manifold. Hot exhaust gases may be
injected into the idle fuel-air mixture for better atomization,
and exhaust gas may be used to externally heat the air-gas
mixture. The idling fuel-air mixture may be conducted to each of
the intake valves on each cylinder for correctly controlling the
fuel-air ratio in each cylinder for reducing vehicle emissions.
USP # 3,930,476 ~ Internal combustion engine system
Koch, Christian
Abstract ~ An internal combustion engine system,
particularly as used for automotive vehicle propulsion, includes
the engine with a muffler for reducing engine exhaust noise and
fuelled by gas produced by a miniaturized gas reformer requiring
heating and a supply of vaporized liquid hydrocarbon and
oxygen-containing gas, the reformer usually being enclosed by a
larger enclosure to form a space through which the engine
exhaust is passed for supplying heat to the reformer, and having
an exhaust heated heat-exchanger for its intake. By positioning
the reformer inside of the engine's muffler so that the exhaust
heat there is used to supply heat to the reformer, the need for
the bulk-increasing larger enclosure is eliminated, and by
arranging the intake heat-exchanger in the muffler so that the
exhaust flow through the muffler is deflected both when entering
and leaving the exchanger, a multi-deflected and therefore
exhaust noise attenuation exhaust flow results.
USP # 3,927,651 ~Device for vaporizing fuel
Harrow, Geoffrey & Mills, Walter
Abstract ~ A device for vaporizing liquid fuel
comprising a sealed vessel containing a heat transfer fluid and
a non-condensable gas having a heat receiving zone, a heat
discharging zone and a heat transfer liquid storage zone in
which all the contained condensed heat transfer fluid can be
stored without being returned directly to the heat receiving
zone, said storage zone communicating with said heat receiving
zone and/or said heat exchanging zone
USP # 3,919,365 ~ Carburetor
Labelle, Bernard
Abstract ~ A carburetor for an internal
combustion engine comprising a partly cylindrical chamber on the
periphery of which are connected inlet tubes. A closure plate
pivots inside the fuel chamber to successively put in
communication the tubes with the vaporization chamber. A
multiplicity of fine perforations extend through the wall of the
inlet tube to let the air through. A fine conduit brings the
fuel near the intersection of the tubes and the chamber. The
suction from the engine produces a multiplicity of air jets in
the inlet tube and these jets pulverize the fuel when it enters
the vaporization chamber.
USP # 3,918,423 ~ Pollution control device
Amor, Leonel Da Fonseca
Abstract ~ A device for reducing toxic
gases emissions of explosion and internal combustion engines
while at the same time effecting a saving in fuel consumption,
is disclosed. The device includes a hollow heat collector/filter
unit having a plurality of air inlet openings and adapted to be
mounted on the exhaust manifold in heat exchange relation
therewith, a homogenizer unit defining two chambers separated by
a perforated partition, of which the first chamber is adapted to
be placed in communication with the outlet of the carburetor
while the second chamber is adapted to be placed in
communication with the intake manifold of the engine, and ducts
establishing communication between the interior of the heat
collector/filter unit and the second chamber of the homogenizer
unit. In operation, the vacuum created by the engine pistons,
sucks ambient air into the heat collector/filter unit from which
the heated air travels to the homogenizer where it is intimately
mixed in the second chamber with the air/fuel mixture coming
from the carburetor. The final mixture thus has a greater
burning capacity which will result in more fuel being burned and
less carbon monoxide produced. This abstract is not to be taken
either as a complete exposition or as a limitation of the
present invention, however, the full nature and extent of the
invention being discernible only by reference to and from the
entire disclosure.
USP # 3,911,881 ~ Combined engine exhaust and fuel
gasification system...
Lee Jr, Seth
Abstract ~ A system for gasifying a mixture
of fuel vapor and air for induction into an internal combustion
engine comprising means for heating the mixture to gasification
temperature within an inlet manifold chamber heated externally
by engine exhaust; and optionally including means for adding air
and hot exhaust to the gasified mixture prior to induction into
the engine; means for adding air to the exhaust gases leaving
the engine and auxiliary burning means for igniting combustibles
in the exhaust gases. Through the present system the mileage per
gallon of fuel will be increased at least 20% over the
conventional norm.
USP # 3,892,211 ~ Fuel-air mixture heating device for
internal combustion engines
Oyama, Yoshige
Abstract ~ A fuel-air mixture heating device is
described which is interposed between a carburetor and an intake
manifold so that completely vaporized fuel may be injected into
the cylinders of the engine without adversely affecting the
charging efficiency. The fuel-air mixture flowing from the
carburetor to the intake manifold is forced to pass through a
heating means where even low-volatile components of the fuel may
be heated and completely vaporized, then through a flow
controlling means for restricting the flow of the low-volatile
components of the fuel close to the axis of the intake manifold
while forcing the high-volatile components to flow off the axis,
and finally through cooling means for cooling the fuel-air
mixture before it is injected into the cylinder.
USP # 3,859,971 ~ Power Transmission System & Method
Rauen, John
Abstract ~ An emission control system for an
internal combustion engine, including a dual induction system
adapted to provide to said engine a relatively low power
fuel-air mixture and accomplishing thereby a substantially
emission free exhaust, as pertains to the fuel alone. The dual
induction system allows the engine piston speed and its
associated crank shaft speed to be increased to a point beyond
the known mechanically allowable limits of piston reciprocating
(sliding) speed, to recover the potential engine power lost to
the use of only the relatively low power mixture. The engine
includes also, a roller crosshead assembly enabling the engine
to operate indefinitely at such power and speed increases, and
as limited by sources other than the crosshead alone. The dual
induction system includes a cold-air intake system adapted to
supply to the engine, all of the unheated air inducted by said
engine, and a hot intake system supplying all of the fuel in a
highly heated state and a small percentage of the total inducted
air, equally as highly heated. The roller crosshead assembly
includes a roller mounted upon the connecting rod wrist pin and
a pair of opposed roller guideways supported in the engine
cylinders by a cup-shaped guide member. The roller rolls upon
the guideways, eliminating lateral axial movement of the piston
upon the cylinders during its inward and outward movement, and
permitting thereby, indefinitely long operating periods at the
increased engine crank shaft and piston speeds. The roller
crosshead assembly enables the engine lubricating oil to be
excluded from the combustion portion of the engine's cylinders
and thereby eliminating the exhaust emission arising from
combustion and/or partial combustion of the oil during
combustion of the fuel.
USP # 3,851,633 ~ Fuel System for IC Engine
Shih, K.
Abstract ~ A fuel supply system for an internal
combustion engine having a vapor carburetor wherein liquid fuel
is vaporized in a fuel vaporizing chamber to supply fuel vapor
to the engine with a portion of the lighter end of the fuel thus
vaporized being stored in a holding fuel vaporizing chamber for
a fuel system of an internal combustion engine used in starting
the engine.
USP # 3,841,284 ~ Exhaust gas heated engine intake
manifold...
Krygowski, R.
Abstract ~ An engine intake manifold has an
exhaust gas crossover passage that passes between the manifold
carburetor riser bores and the manifold outlets to the engine
cylinders; the riser bores are connected by thin sheet metal
high heat transfer tubes that pass through the crossover passage
so that the exhaust gases flow around the walls of the
connecting portions of the tubes and vaporize any raw fuel
running down the tube walls; the tubes have liquid fuel dams at
their lower closed ends to trap liquid fuel and minimize passage
of it to the engine cylinders, and conical deflectors to move
liquid fuel from the walls into the air stream; additionally,
insulating liners are placed in the inlet and outlet of the
crossover passage to conserve heat.
USP # 3,832,985 ~ Non-Poillution Carburetion System
Edde, R.
Abstract ~ A fuel and ignition control system for
an internal combustion engine for decreasing engine fuel
consumption and for decreasing carbon monoxide and unburned
hydrocarbon exhaust emissions which includes a carburetor, a
pressurized fuel tank vented, when over-pressurized, to the
carburetor, a high speed venturi and at least one idle and low
speed venturi in the carburetor, a throttle in the carburetor
and means connected to the throttle for vacuum controlling the
igniting distributor in response to the position of the
throttle, a thermostatically controlled heated air inlet duct
connected to the carburetor and heated from the engine coolant
pump, a dry proportioning accelerating system connected to said
carburetor for increasing fuel flow through said carburetor in
response to the rate of engine intake manifold pressure rise, an
engine coolant heated fuel evaporator connected to the air-fuel
outlet of the carburetor, a liquid fuel interceptor and
recuperator connected at one end to the fuel evaporator and
connected at its opposite end to the intake manifold, means for
drawing liquid fuel from the interceptor and recuperator and for
evaporating at least a portion of the liquid fuel and returning
such vapor to the intake manifold and means for heating the
intake manifold with engine coolant.
USP # 3,828,736 ~ Method & Aparatus for operating
combustion engines
Koch, C.
Abstract ~ Method and apparatus for the
combustion of a fuel, free of detrimental substances, in a
combustion engine. The fuel, together with oxygen containing
gas, is passed over a catalyst for conversion into a gas mixture
of methane and carbon monoxide. Passing the gas mixture together
with additional oxygen containing gas to the combustion engine
whereat the gas mixture is burned producing an exhaust gas.
Feeding part of the exhaust gas to the fuel, prior to the
conversion of the fuel.
USP # 3,797,468 ~ Fuel system of IC engines
Fisher, D.
Abstract ~ A heat exchanger is incorporated
between the carburetor and inlet manifold of an internal
combustion engine to enhance fuel vaporization and therefore
reduce fuel consumption and harmful exhaust emissions. The heat
exchanger is preferably connected into the cooling system of the
engine. In a development, an auxiliary air bleed is provided
upstream of the heat exchanger to convert vapourized fuel into a
fog to further enhance efficient combustion.
USP # 3,789,817 ~ Anti-pollution supply device for IC
engines
Lepareur, L. & Morel, M.
Abstract ~ Anti-pollution supply device for an
internal combustion engine which comprises an air intake pipe, a
main fuel supply pipe and an auxiliary fuel supply pipe. The
main fuel pipe has a portion in the form of a frustoconical
spiral disposed in a vaporization chamber heated by the exhaust
gases of the engine. A thermostat is responsive to the
temperature in the vaporization chamber and controls the supply
of fuel above a given temperature in said chamber. The auxiliary
fuel supply pipe is surrounded at least partly by an electric
heating resistance and an auxiliary air intake pipe communicates
with said air intake pipe. Control means are provided for
heating the resistance and allowing supply of auxiliary air and
auxiliary fuel for starting the engine above a predetermined
temperature in the heating resistance and so long as the given
temperature of the vaporization chamber has not been reached.
USP # 3,788,292 ~ Fuel Heat Exchanger for IC Engine
Lee, S.
Abstract ~ Apparatus for gasifying a fuel and air
mixture in an internal combustion engine comprising a baffled
inlet chamber for receiving a fuel and air mixture essentially
surrounding an exhaust chamber for receiving high temperature
exhaust gases, thereby promoting temperatures in the baffled
chamber sufficient to gasify said mixture prior to induction to
said engine. Methods for gasifying fuels are also taught.
USP # 3,763,838 ~ Carburetor having a heat pipe for vaporing
fuel
Lindsay, R., et al.
Abstract ~ A fuel vaporizing system for spark
ignition internal combustion engines wherein a heat pipe filled
with a narrow-range boiling point fluid is disposed to transfer
heat from a heat zone to a vaporizing zone. The liquid fuel is
vaporized in the vaporizing zone prior to being mixed with air.
USP # 3,763,839 ~ Fuel system apparatus
Alquist, H.
Abstract ~ In a fuel system of an engine having a
fuel tank, carburetor, and inlet and outlet manifolds, means are
provided for passing fuel vapors into an absorber for retention
therein and delivery into the intake manifold during starting of
the engine and for a period thereafter. The flow of the fuel
vapor from the absorber is terminated and fuel delivery from the
carburetor into the intake manifold is initiated in response to
an increase in the temperature of the exhaust manifold.
USP # 3,762,385 ~ Air fuel preheater for IC engine
Hollnagel, H.
Abstract ~ A water-jacketed fuel vaporizing
chamber is interposed between the carburetor and the intake
manifold on an internal combustion engine. The flow path is
tortuous and of considerable length which induces some
turbulence and insures full vaporization of the gasoline. Carbon
monoxide emission was reduced 73 percent on a test vehicle to a
level below the 1975 Federal Standards. Unburned hydrocarbons
and nitrogen oxides were respectively reduced 40.6 percent and
36 percent but not to the 1975 Federal Standards.
USP # 3,741,180 ~ Apparatus for vaporising a fuel air
mixture
Barlane, R.
Abstract ~ A combustion engine is disclosed in
which the entire fuel-air mixture is vaporized within the intake
manifold by using the heat of the exhaust manifold to heat the
intake manifold
USP # 3,640,256 ~ System for preconditioning a combustible
vapor
Mangion, Charles
Abstract ~ A system particularly adapted for use
in preconditioning combustible vapors for delivery to internal
combustion engines, characterized by a system housing including
therein a full-flow bore communicating with a bypass conduit and
having a vapor heater arranged therewithin, whereby a
combustible vapor selectively is mixed and heated to a
predetermined temperature as it is delivered in a continuous
flow through the system. A particular feature of the invention
resides in a provision of an improved control system having a
reduced number of moving parts, and including a provision of
fluidic bias ports, for imposing directional control on an
established flow of vapor and directing predetermined portions
of the flow across a heater, whereby the vapor selectively is
preconditioned for enhancing subsequent combustion.
&c...
USP #
3,496,919 ~ # 3,494,342 ~ # 3,444,848 ~ # 3,380,442 ~ #
3,273,550 ~ # 3,150,652 ~ # 3,139,874 ~ # 3,114,357 ~ #
3,091,229 ~ # 3,032,023 ~ # 3,019,781 ~ # 2,991,778 ~ #
2,989,956 ~ # 2,968,297 ~ # 2,896,658 ~ # 2,864,355 ~ #
2,833,262 ~ # 2,826,183 ~ # 2,808,041 ~ # 2,807,245 ~ #
2,796,855 ~ # 2,793,633 ~ # 2,767,699 ~ # 2,733,698 ~ #
2,720,197 ~ # 2,715,520 ~ # 2,710,605 ~ # 2,698,613 ~ #
2,673,446 ~ # 2,634,983 ~ # 2,627,257 ~ # 2,597,977 ~ #
2,582,916 ~ # 2,560,197 ~ # 2,473,808 ~ # 2,424,723 ~ #
2,325,850 ~ # 2,319,752 ~ # 2,296,790 ~ # 2,287,593 ~ #
2,273,957 ~ # 2,269,930 ~ # 2,269,706 ~ # 2,261,493 ~ #
2,257,047 ~ # 2,254,775 ~ # 2,254,634 ~ # 2,252,415 ~ #
2,251,999 ~ # 2,250,786 ~ # 2,234,901 ~ # 2,232,413 ~ #
2,216,801 ~ # 2,213,154 ~ # 2,192,067 ~ # 2,189,022 ~ #
2,185,573 ~ # 2,181,058 ~ # 2,155,162 ~ # 2,145,029 ~ #
2,140,254 ~ # 2,133,775 ~ # 2,125,216 ~ # 2,119,885 ~ #
2,119,179 ~ # 2,112,568 ~ # 2,110,806 ~ # 2,108,639 ~ #
2,104,013 ~ # 2,103,902 ~ # 2,100,466 ~ # 2,099,278 ~ #
2,092,246 ~ # 2,090,823 ~ # 2,082,666 ~ # 2,080,662 ~ #
2,080,420 ~ # 2,075,330 ~ # 2,068,952 ~ # 2,067,292 ~ #
2,066,922 ~ # 2,054,997 ~ # 2,049,596 ~ # 2,030,508 ~ #
2,026,798 ~ # 2,016,881 ~ # 2,016,695 ~ # 2,016,694 ~ #
2,004,093 ~ # 2,001,669 ~ # 2,001,466 ~ # 2,000,669 ~ #
1,999,237 ~ # 1,998,497 ~ # 1,997,497 ~ # 1,985,271 ~ #
1,980,496 ~ # 1,975,093 ~ # 1,974,722 ~ # 1,973,889 ~ #
1,961,249 ~ # 1,955,242 ~ # 1,954,586 ~ # 1,947,048 ~ #
1,944,396 ~ # 1,941,487 ~ # 1,931,781 ~ # 1,918,380 ~ #
1,916,952 ~ # 1,913,684 ~ # 1,913,497 ~ # 1,903,433 ~ #
1,897,540 ~ # 1,891,768 ~ # 1,889,648 ~ # 1,889,619 ~ #
1,881,671 ~ # 1,881,562 ~ # 1,881,434 ~ # 1,879,551 ~ #
1,874,327 ~ # 1,867,457 ~ # 1,865,515 ~ # 1,864,608 ~ #
1,862,723 ~ # 1,855,129 ~ # 1,849,135 ~ # 1,846,008 ~ #
1,844,298 ~ # 1,844,041 ~ # 1,841,740 ~ # 1,834,202 ~ #
1,833,552 ~ # 1,833,183 ~ # 1,829,400 ~ # 1,828,899 ~ #
1,825,225 ~ # 1,824,926 ~ # 1,822,147 ~ # 1,821,047 ~ #
1,819,284 ~ # 1,815,432 ~ # 1,815,178 ~ # 1,813,406 ~ #
1,812,950 ~ # 1,812,939 ~ # 1,811,540 ~ # 1,806,581 ~ #
1,806,045 ~ # 1,803,461 ~ # 1,800,426 ~ # 1,795,037 ~ #
1,795,036 ~ # 1,792,828 ~ # 1,792,367 ~ # 1,790,812 ~ #
1,788,929 ~ # 1,783,781 ~ # 1,778,190 ~ # 1,777,554 ~ #
1,770,689 ~ # 1,766,794 ~ # 1,766,781 ~ # 1,766,709 ~ #
1,763,948 ~ # 1,761,960 ~ # 1,753,788 ~ # 1,751,511 ~ #
1,750,354 ~ # 1,749,035 ~ # 1,749,029 ~ # 1,747,361 ~ #
1,736,003 ~ # 1,728,421 ~ # 1,727,605 ~ # 1,722,846 ~ #
1,714,210 ~ # 1,713,701 ~ # 1,712,465 ~ # 1,709,968 ~ #
1,706,492 ~ # 1,696,881 ~ # 1,696,761 ~ # 1,689,942 ~ #
1,686,609 ~ # 1,685,564 ~ # 1,680,373 ~ # 1,678,045 ~ #
1,676,955 ~ # 1,675,870 ~ # 1,670,550 ~ # 1,667,886 ~ #
1,660,609 ~ # 1,651,393 ~ # 1,646,779 ~ # 1,641,619 ~ #
1,637,768 ~ # 1,635,266 ~ # 1,634,968 ~ # 1,633,909 ~ #
1,627,671 ~ # 1,626,783 ~ # 1,626,727 ~ # 1,626,561 ~ #
1,625,135 ~ # 1,625,134 ~ # 1,624,249 ~ # 1,611,299 ~ #
1,610,541 ~ # 1,610,000 ~ # 1,598,289 ~ # 1,591,071 ~ #
1,583,584 ~ # 1,576,301 ~ # 1,575,859 ~ # 1,572,747 ~ #
1,562,670 ~ # 1,557,657 ~ # 1,555,807 ~ # 1,547,474 ~ #
1,541,431 ~ # 1,540,144 ~ # 1,539,963 ~ # 1,539,126 ~ #
1,534,290 ~ # 1,533,855 ~ # 1,533,432 ~ # 1,533,196 ~ #
1,525,956 ~ # 1,524,680 ~ # 1,519,516 ~ # 1,514,189 ~ #
1,511,820 ~ # 1,507,315 ~ # 1,503,900 ~ # 1,503,821 ~ #
1,503,805 ~ # 1,496,102 ~ # 1,487,234 ~ # 1,486,058 ~ #
1,477,724 ~ # 1,476,316 ~ # 1,476,281 ~ # 1,474,359 ~ #
1,473,999 ~ # 1,472,899 ~ # 1,472,326 ~ # 1,472,264 ~ #
1,471,600 ~ # 1,470,659 ~ # 1,467,759 ~ # 1,467,225 ~ #
1,466,647 ~ # 1,464,759 ~ # 1,464,466 ~ # 1,456,572 ~ #
1,453,007 ~ # 1,449,333 ~ # 1,448,781 ~ # 1,448,641 ~ #
1,447,975 ~ # 1,447,089 ~ # 1,445,194 ~ # 1,444,852 ~ #
1,439,146 ~ # 1,438,877 ~ # 1,434,353 ~ # 1,431,327 ~ #
1,431,326 ~ # 1,431,281 ~ # 1,420,684 ~ # 1,420,616 ~ #
1,416,977 ~ # 1,416,352 ~ # 1,415,086 ~ # 1,409,093 ~ #
1,406,598 ~ # 1,404,215 ~ # 1,403,350 ~ # 1,400,955 ~ #
1,400,485 ~ # 1,392,168 ~ # 1,386,376 ~ # 1,386,297 ~ #
1,384,281 ~ # 1,379,437 ~ # 1,377,990 ~ # 1,377,369 ~ #
1,374,927 ~ # 1,374,280 ~ # 1,372,194 ~ # 1,366,831 ~ #
1,366,018 ~ # 1,365,564 ~ # 1,361,503 ~ # 1,360,098 ~ #
1,359,168 ~ # 1,358,686 ~ # 1,355,076 ~ # 1,354,484 ~ #
1,348,066 ~ # 1,345,927 ~ # 1,345,378 ~ # 1,342,950 ~ #
1,342,869 ~ # 1,341,141 ~ # 1,339,870 ~ # 1,335,990 ~ #
1,335,665 ~ # 1,325,998 ~ # 1,317,709 ~ # 1,316,346 ~ #
1,314,872 ~ # 1,313,639 ~ # 1,311,417 ~ # 1,306,496 ~ #
1,304,987 ~ # 1,304,205 ~ # 1,303,559 ~ # 1,299,648 ~ #
1,289,605 ~ # 1,285,652 ~ # 1,284,643 ~ # 1,283,125 ~ #
1,283,068 ~ # 1,278,558 ~ # 1,274,707 ~ # 1,269,252 ~ #
1,267,924 ~ # 1,267,139 ~ # 1,265,735 ~ # 1,263,259 ~ #
1,260,388 ~ # 1,256,738 ~ # 1,256,186 ~ # 1,253,682 ~ #
1,253,681 ~ # 1,253,642 ~ # 1,252,796 ~ # 1,248,417 ~ #
1,247,983 ~ # 1,245,519 ~ # 1,244,151 ~ # 1,242,975 ~ #
1,238,404 ~ # 1,237,536 ~ # 1,233,744 ~ # 1,233,287 ~ #
1,230,116 ~ # 1,230,092 ~ # 1,228,415 ~ # 1,227,649 ~ #
1,227,551 ~ # 1,222,860 ~ # 1,222,548 ~ # 1,220,281 ~ #
1,218,867 ~ # 1,217,781 ~ # 1,217,448 ~ # 1,213,817 ~ #
1,213,736 ~ # 1,211,775 ~ # 1,207,664 ~ # 1,205,540 ~ #
1,201,977 ~ # 1,201,871 ~ # 1,201,731 ~ # 1,199,573 ~ #
1,198,013 ~ # 1,195,764 ~ # 1,193,004 ~ # 1,190,252 ~ #
1,190,129 ~ # 1,178,972 ~ # 1,178,960 ~ # 1,178,276 ~ #
1,176,816 ~ # 1,171,435 ~ # 1,170,337 ~ # 1,165,656 ~ #
1,160,438 ~ # 1,158,494 ~ # 1,155,599 ~ # 1,154,617 ~ #
1,145,995 ~ # 1,143,902 ~ # 1,143,092 ~ # 1,140,064 ~ #
1,137,057 ~ # 1,136,675 ~ # 1,135,113 ~ # 1,132,420 ~ #
1,129,794 ~ # 1,128,133 ~ # 1,121,868 ~ # 1,114,200 ~ #
1,111,140 ~ # 1,108,916 ~ # 1,106,881 ~ # 1,105,592 ~ #
1,102,478 ~ # 1,099,842 ~ # 1,099,271 ~ # 1,098,915 ~ #
1,080,139 ~ # 1,079,338 ~ # 1,078,919 ~ # 1,072,875 ~ #
1,061,626 ~ # 1,056,760 ~ # 1,049,417 ~ # 1,042,004 ~ #
1,038,300 ~ # 1,032,937 ~ # 1,021,326 ~ # 1,016,741 ~ #
1,013,759 ~ # 1,006,088 ~ # 994,658 ~ # 983,307 ~ # 976,237 ~
# 970,429 ~ # 946,780 ~ # 906,671 ~ # 906,111 ~ # 896,183 ~ #
869,675 ~ # 868,834 ~ # 862,377 ~ # 800,777 ~ # 796,684 ~ #
765,814 ~ # 762,271 ~ # 749,864 ~ # 662,169 ~ # 657,738 ~ #
620,586 ~ # 609,831 ~ # 600,107 ~ # 571,495 ~ # 541,773 ~ #
535,914 ~ # 433,806 ~ # 385,121 ~ # 287,578 ~ # 276,075 ~
&c...
Charles N. POGUE: Vaporizer
Carburetors
Tom OGLE: USP # 4,177,779 ~ Fuel
Economy System for an Internal Combustion Engine
