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Harold COLMAN // Ronald SEDDON-GILLESPIE
Battery
http://www.free-energy-info.co.uk/Chapter3.pdf
This device, patented by Harold Colman and Ronald Seddon-Gillespie on 5 December 1956, is quite remarkable. It is a tiny lightweight device which can produce electricity using a self-powered electromagnet and chemical salts. The working life of the device before needing refurbishment is estimated at some 70 years with an output of about one kilowatt.
The operation is controlled by a transmitter which bombards the chemical sample with 300 MHz radio waves. This produces radioactive emissions from the chemical mixture for a period of opne hour maximum, so that transmitter needs to be run for 15 to 30 seconds once every hour. The chemical mixture is shielded by a lead screen to prevent harmful radiation from reaching the user....
This generator unit includes a magnet. a tube containing a chemcial mixture of elements whose nuclei becomes unstable as a result of a bombardment by short waves so that the elements become radio-active and release electrical energy, the mixture being mounted between, and in contact with, a pair of different metals such as copper and zinc, and a capacitor mounted between those metals.
The mixture is preferably composed of the elements Cadmium, Phosphorus and Cobalt having atomic weights of 112, 31, and 59 respectively. The mixture, which may be of powedered form, is mounted in a tube of non-conudcting, high heat resisitivity material and is compressed between granulated zinc at one end of the tube and granulated copper at the other end, the ends of the tube being closed by brass caps and the tube being carried in a suitbale cradle so that it is located between the poles of the magnet. The magnet is preferably an electromagnet and is energized by the current produced by the unit. The transmitter unit which is used for activating the generator unit may be of any conventional type operating in the ultra-shortwave band and is preferably crystal-controlled at the desired frequency with the necessity of tuning. The quartz tube containing the chemical mixture, works best if made up of a number of small cells in series. In other words, considering the cartridge from one end to the other, at one end and in contact with the brass cap, there would be a layer of copper powder, then a layer of the chemical mixture, then a layer of powedered zinc, a layer of powdered copper, etc., with a layer of powdered zinc in contact with the brass cap at the other end of the cartridge. With a cartridge some 45 mm long and 5 mm diameter, some 14 cells may be included.
GB763062
Apparatus for Producing an Electric Current
EC: G21H1/00 IPC: G21H1/00; G21H1/00
1956-12-05
Abstract -- A mixture of salts of cadmium, phosphorus and cobalt is subjected to high frequency electromagnetic waves so as to become radioactive and release electrical energy. The mixture is contained in a quartz tube and protection from the gamma, alpha and beta rays is given by lead shielding. The electrical output, stated to be D.C. is taken directly from the ends of the quartz tube.
Description
This invention relates to a new apparatus for producing electric current such apparatus being in the form of a completely novel secondary battery.
The object of the present invention is to provide apparatus of the above kind which is considerably lighter in weight than and has an infinitely greater life than a known battery or similar electrical characteristics and which can be re-activated as and when required in a minimum of time.
According to the present invention we provide an aparatus comprising a generator unit said unit including a magnet adapted to produce a magnetic field, means for suspending a chemical mixture in said field, said mixture being composed of elements whose nuclei becomes unstable as a result of bombardment by short waves so that the elements become radio-active and also release electical energy, said mixture being mounted between and in electrical contact with a pair of different metals, such as copper and zinc, a condenser mounted between said metals, a terminal electrically connected to each said metal, means for conveying said waves to said mixture and a lead shield surrounding said unit to prevent harmful radiation from said mixture.
The mixture is preferably composed of the elements Cadmium, Phosphorus and Cobalt having Atomic Weights of 112, 31 and 59 respectively.
The mixture which may be of powedered form is mounted in a tube of non-conducting, high heat resisitivity material and is compressed between granulated zinc at one end of the tube and granulated copper at the other end, the ends of the tube being closed by brass caps and the tube being carried in asuitable cradle so that it is located between the poles of the magnet.
The magnet is preferably an electromagnet and is energized by the current produced by the unit.
The means for conveying the waves to the mixture may comprise a pair of antennae which are exactly similar to the antennae of the transmitter unit for producing the waves, each antenna projecting from and being secured to the brass cap at each end of the tube.
The transmitter unit which is used for activating the unit may be of any conventional type operating on ultra short wave and is preferably crystal controlled to the desired frequency.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing whereing
Fig 1 is a side elevation of one form of the apparatus;
Fig 2 is an end elevation thereof and
Fig 3 is a schematic circuit diagram.
In the form of our invention illustrated the generator unit comprises a base 10 upon which the various components are mounted this base 10 having projecting upwardly therefrom a pair of arms 11 which are adapted to form a cradle or housing 12 for a quartz tube 13 the cradle 12 being preferably made of spring material so that the tube 13 is firmly, yet removably held in position. The arms 11 are so disposed in relation to the poles 14 of an electromanget 15 that the tube 13 when in position is disposed immendiately between the poles of the magnet so as to be in the strongest magnetic field created thereby. The magnet serves to control the alpha and beta rays emitted by the cartridge when it is in operation.
The ends of the quartz tube 13 are each provided with a brass cap 16 and these caps 16 are adapted to engage within the spring cradles 12 and the coils 17 associated with the magnet being so arranged that if the base 10 of the unit is in a horizontal plane the poles 14 of the magnet are in a substantially vertical plane.
Also connected across the cradles is a lead condenser 18 which may conveniently be housed in the base 10 of the unit and connected in parallel with this condenser 18 is a suitable high frequency inductance coil 19.
The unit is provided with a lead shield 20 so as to prevent harmful radiation from the quartz tube as will presently be described.
The quartz tube 13 has mounted therein at one end a quantity of granulated copper this copper being in electrical contact with the brass cap 16 at that end of the tube and mounted within the tube and in contact with the granulated copper is a chemcial mixture which is of a powdered form and which is capable of releasing electrical energy and which becomes radioactive when subject to bombardment by ultra short wireless waves. Mounted in the other end of the powdered chemical mixture is a quantity of granulated zinc which is itself in contact with the brass cap on this end of the tube the arrangement being that the chemcial mixture is compressed between the granulated copper and the granulated zinc.
Projecting outwardly from each cap 16 and electrically connected therewith is an antenna 21 each antenna 21 corresponding exactly in dimension, shape and electrical characteristics to the antenna associated with a transmitter unit which is to produce the ultra short waves aforesaid.
The electromagnet 15 is conveniently carried by a centrally disposed pillar 22 which is secured to the base 10 this pillar 22 carrying at its upper end a cross-bar 23 to one end of which is attached the high frequency coil 19.
The other end of this cross-bar 23 is bent round into arcuate form as shown at 24 and is adapted to bear against an arcuate portion 25 of the base 26 of the electromanget 15. Suitable locking means is provided for securing the two arcuate portions 24 and 25 in the desired angular position of the poles 14 of the electromagnet can be adjusted about the axis of the quartz tube 13.
The transmitter unit is of any suitable conventional type for producing ultra short waves and may be crystal controlled to ensure that it will operate upon the desired frequency without the necessity for tuning. If the transmitter is only required to oeprate over a short range it may conveniently be battery operated but if it is to operate over a greater range then it may be operated from a suitbale electric supply such as the mains.
If the transmitter is to be tuned the tuning may be operated by a dial provided with a micrometer vernier scale so that the necessary "fineness" of tuning may be achieved.
The mixture which is contained within the quartz tube is composed of the elements Cadmium, Phosphorus and Cobalt having Atomic Weights 112, 31 and 59 respectively. Conveniently these elements may be present in the following compounds and where the tube is to contain 30 milligrams of the mixture the compounds and their proportions by weight are as follows: ---
1 part of Co (NO3)2-6H2O
2 parts of CdCl2
3 parts of 3Ca(PO3)2 + 10 C
The cartridge which consists of the tube 13 with the chemical mixture therein is preferably composed of a number of small cells built up in series. In other words considering the cartridge from one end to the other at the one end, and in contact with the brass cap, there would be a layer of powdered copper, then a layer of the chemical mixture, then a layer of powdered zinc, a layer of powdered copper, etc., with a layer of powdered zinc in contact with the brass cap at the other end of the cartridge. With a cartridge of some 45 mm long and 5 mm diameter some 14 individual cells may be included.
The cradles 12 in which the brass caps 16 engage may themselves comprise terminals from which the output of the unit can be taken. Alternatively a pair of terminals 27 may be connected across the cradles 12 these terinals 27 being themselves provided with suitable antennae 28, which correspond exactly in dimensions, shape and electrical characteristics to the antennae 28, if provided, replacing the antennae 21.
In operation with the quartz tube containing the above mixture located between the granulated copper and the granulated zinc and with the tube itself in position between the poles of the magnet the transmitter is switched on and the ultrashort waves emanating therefrom are received by the antennae mounted at each end of the tube and in contact with the copper and zinc respectively the waves being thus passed through the copper and zinc and through the mixture so that the mixture is bombarded by the short waves and the Cadmium, Phosphorus and Cobalt associated with the mixture becomes radioactive and also releases electrical energy which is transmitted to the granulated copper and granulated zinc causing a current to flow therebetween in a similar manner to the current flow produced by a thermocouple. it has been established that with a mixture having the above composition, the optimum release of energy is obtained when the transmitter is operating at a frequency of 300 MHz.
The provision of a quartz tube is necessary for the mixture evolves a considerable amount of heat whilst it is reacting as a result of the bombardment by the short waves. It is found that the tube will only last for one hour and that the tube will become discharged after an hour's operation, that is to say the radioactiveness of the tube will only last for one hour and it is therefore necessary, if the unit is to be run continuously for the transmitter to be operated for a period of some 15 to 30 seconds duration once every hour.
With a quartz tube having an overall length of some 45 mm and an inside diameter of 5 mm and containing 30 mg of the chemcial elements the estimated energy which will be given off from the tube for a discharge of one hour is between 100 and 100 volts at 10 amps. To enable the tube to give off this discharge it is only necesary to operate the transmitter at the desired frequency for a period of some 15 to 30 seconds duration.
The current which is given off by the tube during its discharge is in the form of direct current.
During the discharge from the tube harmful radiations are emitted in the form of gamma and alpha and beta rays and it is therefor necesary to mount the unit within a lead shield so as to prevent the harmful radiations from affecting personnel and objects in the vicinity of the unit. The alpha and beta rays which are emitted from the cartridge when it is in operation are controlled by the magnet.
When the unit is connected up to some apparatus which is to be driven by power obtained from the unit it is necessary to provide suitable fuses to guard against the cartridge being short circuited during the discharge thereof, or when it is fully charged, for if such a short circuit should occur the cartridge is liable to explode.
The estimated weigfht of such a unit including the necessary shielding, per kilowatt hour output is approximately 25% of any known standard type of accumulator which is in use today and it is estimated that the life of the chemical mixture is probably in the region of 70 to 80 years when under constant use.
It will thus be seen that we have provided a novel form of apparatus for producing an electric current which is considerably lighter than any know type of accumulator and which can be recharged or reactivated as and when desired and from a remote position depending upon the power output of the transmitter.
Such form of battery has many applications, one for example, of which is the use of such batteries in marker and other buoys which are used in harbors and such like places and which could be reactivated at given intervals from a shore base central transmitting station.
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