rexresearch.com
Norberto KEPPE & Cesar SOOS
"Vacuum Energy" Motor
"Vacuum Energy" Motor
http://www.keppemotor.com
Phone: (718) 285-6992 (USA)
E-mail: keppemotor@keppemotor.com
Keppe motor Club Forum --- http://keppemotor.wordpress.com/2008/12/30/the-keppe-motor-club-%E2%80%93-join-the-discussion/
Norberto
Keppe
Keppe Motor
Based on the principles outlined in 'The New Physics Derived from a Disinverted Metaphysics ' by Norberto Keppe, especially the idea that energy doesn’t come from matter. According to Keppe, the process is actually the opposite, meaning that matter comes from a previous, primary energy called Essential Energy, which is infinite and exists everywhere in the entire universe.
The New Physics
In his landmark book, The New Physics, Dr. Norberto Keppe outlines the basis for a new physics that transcends the postulates of Newton and Einstein and even the proposals coming from the realm of quantum physics. Keppe’s book is a bold and prophetic re-thinking of the essential building blocks of science that promises to lead humanity to profoundly higher levels of technological and social development.
Keppe’s findings were the inspiration needed for STOP engineers Cesar Soos and Roberto Frascari to discover the method by which to capture the scalar energy perceived by Tesla (also refered to as essential or divine energy by Keppe), thereby side-stepping the traditional means used by all motors to this point. To learn more about this revolutionary science, purchase the book.
The Keppe Motor is a highly efficient motor that was developed by Cesar Soos and Roberto Frascari, two Brazilian engineers who based this motor on totally new principles described in a book written by the scientist Norberto Keppe called, “The New Physics”. This motor significantly reduces the consumption of electricity to generate the same mechanical power (torque) when compared to conventional electric motors that operates in the range up to 200 Watts (Dec/08.)
Based on studies made with existing working models*, the Keppe Motor saves between 70% and 93% of electric energy when compared to conventional electrical motors.
Motor Kit
Following up on the successful launch of the Keppe Motor Manual in late 2008, the STOP the Destruction of the World Association has announced the release of the Keppe Motor KIT to begin 2009.
Containing all the parts necessary to build your very own introductory version of the Keppe Motor, the Kit also contains an illustrated manual with all the step-by-step instructions you’ll need to put the Motor together. Inside the Manual is a detailed exploration of the theory behind the Keppe Motor – Norberto Keppe’s New Physics. This is a must read for anyone interested in the scientific basis behind this revolutionary Motor. The Manual also contains a number of experiments that you can conduct with this version of the Keppe Motor.
The Keppe Motor uses 5 times less energy than a conventional electric motor because it captures Scalar Energy from space. The STOP Association has decided to release this technology to the world in the hopes that many interested individuals will contribute to the study and development of this landmark technology.
Build and test your very own model and contribute to the development of the Motor.
An excellent gift for young people to teach them the new principles behind capturing energy that make this such a revolutionary technology
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqvkrzYgjKI
Purchase : http://www.keppemotor.com/user.php
Purchase your Scalar Energy Keppe Motor KIT today for only USD 320.00 (Shipping Included). We’ll also include the book, The ABCs of Analytical Trilogy, by Claudia B. S. Pacheco (available as a e-book).
[ WHAT A BARGAIN !! ]
Order your Premiere Version Keppe Motor Manual for only US$ 50.00!
Parts List
1) 2 pieces of 2x1 cm electrical cable duct 19 cm long.
2) 1 wood plate 15 cm long, 10 cm wide and 0.5cm thick.
3) 1 rectangular piece of wood 5 cm long, 1 cm wide and 0.5 cm thick
4) 1 piece of PVC tube with internal diameter of 2 cm and 3.5 cm long.
5) 1 on/off switch
6) 1 rectangular piece of Styrofoam (or wood) 4.5 cm long, 3 cm wide and 1.5 thick, with a 2.6 x 1.6 cm rectangular hole in the middle.
7) 1 neodymium magnet with diameter of 0.8 cm and 0.5 cm high.
8) 1 Reed switch for 3 Amps.
9) 1 rectangular piece of cardboard 8.5 cm long, 6.3 cm wide, with a 6x3 cm rectangular internal hole.
10) 1 rigid and straight metal shaft. Dimensions: length=12 cm, diameter=2 mm.
11) 2 equal square pieces of cardboard with 1.9 cm side.
12) 2 flexible blue (or black) wires for 1 Amp with an alligator clip in one end and a female spade terminal on the other end.
13) 1 rubber cylinder with diameter=1.5 cm and central hole of diameter=1 mm.
14) 2 ball bearings with flange. Dimensions: internal diameter=2 mm, external diameter=6 mm (without flange) and total diameter=8 mm (with flange).
15) 1 plastic support for the transformer. Dimensions: length=8.5 cm, width=6.2 cm and high=4.4 cm. Dimensions of the inner hole: length=5.6 cm and width=3.2cm.
16) 2 block ferrite magnets, magnetized perpendicular to the large faces. Dimensions: length=4 cm, width=2 cm and thickness=0.8 cm
17) 1 9V-Alcaline battery.
18) 2 male spade terminals.
19) 1 standard 9V battery connector with two female spade terminals.
20) 250g of enameled copper wire, AWG 28.
Videos
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTwwt-lmEA8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oY-AZl5jS9Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPFbTAZXQ_c
http://biogenesislab.blogspot.com/
Jean-Jacques buys $350.00 kit from Norberto Keppe a
Scam
Keppe Motor Kit
I have received my Kit,
Opening it, it look nice. So I printed the manual (beside the typo mistakes) and read it. And started to check parts.
I was surprised to see the spool with two red connectors. The battery connector (black) was a flat male instead of a female one !
So I went on corrected this in order to be able to mount the kit. When finished, NOTHING RUNS !
Can you tell me more on this ! where to diag and what to find ?
I am more than disappointed it is a very expensive kit for having in final a 9v battery !
Hope to have a quick answer.
Thank you
Paul gets ripped off by Norberto Keppe
Keppe Motor simular to Newman-Bedini combination
@All
I decided to take the risk and bought the manual a couple of hours ago and am very disappointed Angry
It's a toy version of the Newman motor Roll Eyes
Ah well, nothing ventured nothing gained, hopefully the real motor isn't a window type motor Grin I'm always willing to forgive and forget!
Regards,
Paul
http://pesn.com/2009/01/26/9501516_visit_Keppe_Brazil/
January 26, 2009
A Personal Witness Account of the Keppe Motor
Will Lajeunesse of Canada traveled to Brazil where he witnessed numerous demonstrations of the Keppe Motor. He also attended their demo in San Diego. Recommends their manual and kit.
The first Keppe Motor public demonstration in Cambuquira Brazil, July 6, 2008. They wrapped the motor in foil because this was the first time the motor was shown in public, and the also the first time the media was present. The patents had not been secured at this time, so it was decide not to allow public photos of the inside workings of the motor.
Will Lajeunesse of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and his friend, Susan Berkley, who has been a member of the group for over 20 years and lives in New York City.
The following is an email received on Jan. 24, 2009. The Keppe motor purportedly consumes just 7% of the energy to put out as much torque as conventional motors.
Dear Mr. Allan,
I enjoyed very much your interview on Coast to Coast AM and it is very good to hear of a person doing such good work, helping humanity find solutions to one of its largest problems.
I am not sure if you have heard of the Keppe Motor yet, but there have been some discussions about it at overunity.com. Unfortunately some folks there do not do their proper research and jump to unfair and even destructive conclusions about the Keppe Motor and the scientists behind it.
The Keppe Motor is not a rip off of the Bendini, Newman motor nor any other motor for that matter. Yes, it is similar to these motors but it is very different in key ways. In addition, the Brazilian Government asked the Keppe Motor team to accompany a Brazilian delegation to Poznan, Poland for the UN Climate Change Conference in Poznan, Poland.
I have done my proper research and traveled to Sao Paulo Brazil & San Diego to see this fantastic device and especially to meet the people behind it. I can tell you Sir, that this group of researchers is one of the finest in the world and they are not trying to deceive anyone. I have seen demonstrations of the Keppe motor many, many times and I can confirm and prove that it is what they say it is and they have the data to back it up. They have many working prototypes and even offer the manual & small experimental kit for sale online.
The Keppe Motor Manual is only $50.00 and it's over 44 pages long, full of scientific explanations and how to build your own Keppe Motor step-by-step. It is very cheap to build and takes little effort, very simple concepts and design. However this is a working model only and needs much more development before it is integrated into everyday uses. The pre-assembled kit is also for sale, and considering what this motor can do, it is a bargain at $350.00 US. However it is not necessary to spend that much money to own your own Keppe Motor as one should consider first building their own motor via the manual. They even include a parts list for free on their web site before you buy the manual. This is to show that they have nothing to hide and that they are honest.
The Keppe Motor stands apart from all other electromagnetic motors thus far. It has both the torque & high RPMs needed to be practical, and it runs cold! Yes sir, I have touched the motor directly many times after lengthy demonstrations, and it was cold every time. As you know, this violates the laws of physics that we are taught in school, yet I experienced it for myself many times. In addition, when one Keppe Motor is running next to another, the second motor begins to turn as well, at a lower speed. If you connect multiple Keppe Motors together they become much more efficient, and I have also seen this many times.
I own a copy of the Keppe Motor Manual and I am also currently building my own for testing/development purposes. I have become good friends with many of the people behind this new technology and I am now helping them promote it. I would like to send you the Keppe Motor Manual PDF for your review. Due to the legal terms of use, I cannot just send you a copy for free, so I am paying for it out of my own pocket. I also do not wish to steal from this beautiful group of people who work very hard every day to help humanity and need our support. I ask only that you please do not distribute this manual as they need to raise funds for further development.
I look forward to your opinion of the manual and the device if you choose to build it. We could certainly use your help getting the word out. Please see my Google Video link for the first Keppe Motor public demonstration located in Cambuquira Brazil. I took this footage myself, at approx 6:20 into the demonstration, you will see and hear this motor run.
The demo was on July 6, 2008, the first time the motor was released for public demos. I was there. The media was also there including local TV stations and newspapers. The public was very interested; and the motor was received very well. The group of scientists who created the Keppe Motor, including Dr. Keppe, are very well known in their communities and throughout Latin America.
http://biogenesislab.blogspot.com/
John Bedini's Response to the Norberto Keppe
Scandal-Lies-Exposed-Fraud-CopyCat
via http://www.overunity.com
http://www.overunit y.com/index. php?topic= 5601.10
From : Rick
Hello everyone,
I have viewed all of the videos presented here and I am sad to say that what is being presented is a very cleverly devised promotion of another inventor's work. The air-core stator designs are not new and the switching technique is one in which I am very familiar with. Does this mean I am saying that they are indeed mine? No they most certainly are not.
In the midst of an energy and economic crisis of epic proportions, it is with great disappointment for me to see people trying to take advantage of a vulnerable public desperately seeking out new more affordable and cleaner energy solutions.
Is the Keppe book "The New Physics" being given out for free? No it is not. Obviously Dr. Keppe is trying to promote his book as are the editors of this book as well. The Keppe Motor is merely a ploy to generate interest in his books. Books he intends to make a great deal of profit off of.
What does one of the real inventors think of "The Keppe Motor"? I will allow him to speak for himself.
John Bedini's response --
"Rick,
Here is my response to the copy Window motor.
It would be nice if you would give credit where it is due. As I and Ron Cole are the real inventor's of this motor, it's called the window motor as I have shown for many years. If you think not, just type Window Motor into Google under Bedini Window Motor. Why don't you show the switching circuit or explain it? Also it could only be MY circuits that capture this energy for recovery into the second or third battery. The second switching circuit could only be the bi-polar switcher circuit on the internet. Let's get real, it's not a
good deal to take others work and call it your own!!!!!
The only other motor is Joe Newman's energy machine which uses contact switching which you do not have, so the only other way to capture Radiant or Scalar energy is the Bedini SG circuit, why because you can stop it without any current input or heating.The funny thing is everybody knows who put all the diagrams on the internet, my patents clearly show the switching in the Mono Pole motor and all the documentation on the internet surely shows no capacitor but a diode or bridge collecting the excess energy.
This is what is wrong with humanity as to why you are very limited in what can be done with your re-invented machine, the world will know the truth some day. If you find you are in disagreement with what I have said here it can be worked out as to who the real inventor's are. It really burns my ass what great men of science do with others work.You can not call this your motor at all, and it is plain theft of my circuits and motor which are protected in my patents. I would have wished we could have started on a better foot, post your circuit's and rotor magnet arrangement let's see!!!!!!!!! It's been on my internet pages forever.
John Bedini
http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:Keppean_Scalar_Motor
Download :
http://pesn.com/Radio/Free_Energy_Now/recordings/2008/081020_EduardoCastela_KeppeanScalarMotor.mp3
On Oct. 20, 2008 Sterling D. Allan conducted a live, 1-hour interview with Cesar Soos, Eduardo Castela, and Richard Jones from the Keppe Motor group as part of the Free Energy Now radio show. The interview turned into a business brainstorming discussing about how the technology can be rolled out in an open source model.
How it Works
According to the company, in the Keppe Motor the movement is mainly caused by the secondary component of electrical energy, which comes directly from the energetic scalar field of space, being that the electrical energy used is only to give a start to the process of capturing this energy. And as a consequence, because it has little consumption of electrical energy, the motor does not heat and because the energy it uses is in accordance with nature, it can benefit from it.
To move a fan that generally uses 60-80 watts, the Keppean motor utilizes only 3 watts, an energy consumption 20 times less than normal. The Keppe Motor never heats up even when using high voltage such as 110 and 220 volts. It can greatly reduce the consumption of the motor adding spirals in its solenoid being that a small battery of 12 volts and 1.3 amps lasted 48 hours turning a fan.
A larger model that was built began to spin with only .6 watts and reaches a velocity of 3,000 RPMs comsuming only 15 watts and with a good comparison to other motors.
Primary source of energy: scalar or essential energy (from space).
Secondary source of energy: battery or electrical current used only to give the initial start.
Motor heating: none.
Environmental pollution: none.
Operating area: any place on the planet because it is not dependent on other sources of energy such as atomic, hydroelectric, eolic (wind) or coal.
RPM: adjustable in accordance with the applied voltage. 3500 RPMs has already been accomplished with a motor whose rotor weighs 400 grams and consumes 15 watts and 4500 RPMs with a 250 gram rotor.
Torque: a minimum of 5 times greater than the best conventional motors.
Efficiency: depending on the dimensions can be 20 times greater than normal motors.
Iron cores of conventional electric motors are no longer necessary, eliminating hysteresis loss;
Heat loss caused by electrical currents flowing through the coils (Joule effect) is minimized;
Heat loss from induced currents (eddy currents) caused by the movement of magnetic fields inside the metallic body of the motor is eliminated.
WO 2009 140750
Electromagnetic Motor & Equipment to Generate Work Torque
Electromagnetic Motor & Equipment to Generate Work Torque
Inventors : Norberto Keppe, Carlos C. Soos, Roberto Franscari
Abstract -- The present invention refers to a high efficiency and cold electromagnetic motor able to considerably increase the electromagnetic and/or mechanic potential energy available to be used in any piece of equipment fed by primary sources of energy. More specifically, the present invention refers to a motor, or also a generator, that comprises structural and functioning features that reduce the consumption of electric energy and, at the same time, deliver mechanic potential energy and work torque at least equivalent to the conventional electric motors.
Field of Invention
The present invention refers to a cold and high efficiency electromagnetic motor capable of increasing considerably the electromagnetic and/or mechanical potential energy available to be utilized in any piece of equipment supplied with primary forms of energy. More specifically, the invention refers to a motor, or even a generator, which comprises structure and functioning characteristics that reduce the consumption of electrical energy and, at the same time, produces similar mechanical potential energy and torque to conventional motors.
In addition, the motor, object of the present invention has a more simplified structure that can be applied to any electrical device, specially those called electrical receptors, designed to produce, at least, the same power efficiency, but consuming less energy, without risks of overheating the equipment and, yet, reducing manufacture costs of the said devices.
Besides, the electromagnetic motor of the present invention solves a number of today's problems related to the use of conventional energy sources and the scarceness of electric energy, for it has the ability to deliver the same power, consuming less energy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many types of electromagnetic motors are known today, and they are designed to deliver mechanical power - torque, from the interaction of magnetic components of a closed circuit supplied with electric current. All these motors known at the present state of the art are developed according to scientific principles, laws and theories pertaining to traditional physics and electricity, and considered universal, natural and inflexible laws, i.e., immutable. Nevertheless, scientific theories are limited to the understanding of the scientists who elaborated them, for example: Newton's laws, Ohm's laws, etc.
Therefore, it must be clear that a different perspective of the conventional scientific philosophy can lead to a new understanding of physics and an upgraded technology, which is able to give a practical solution to problems which are, so far, considered as intrinsic factors to a specific physical process.
More precisely, the most utilized electromagnetic motors today are the induction motors and the electric motors with rotor coils.
In general, the induction motors comprise a cylinder rotor made of metal (aluminum, for example) - or shorted out coils mounted on the said metallic cylinder, surrounded by electromagnets which are fed with electric AC current to generate a first variable magnetic field, so as to obtain electromagnetic induction. The magnetic field produces a current on the surface of the metallic cylinder (or shorted out coils), which, in turn, produces its own magnetic field. These two magnetic fields interact, by pulling and pushing each other, causing the cylinder to rotate and, consequently, deliver the mechanical power to the rotor shaft.
The electric motors with rotor coils comprise a number of copper wire coils mounted both on a metallic cylinder rotor and a stator, through which, usually flows an alternating electric current (AC), generating magnetic fields that attract and repel each other in semi cycles of 180[deg.], describing a typical sinusoidal wave function. Due to the polarity alternation of the magnetic field, the rotor spins and delivers mechanical power.
According to the state of the art the electromagnetic motors are usually based on two phenomena, as follows: 1) when we apply electric current through a conducting wire, the magnetic field is generated by the conducting material; and 2) if a conducting wire is exposed to a variable magnetic field, it will present an electric potential difference in both of its ends, and the electric current generated inside the conductor generates, in turn, a magnetic field which opposes to the external field that caused it.
In addition to that, the electric motors of the present state of the art are constantly fed with electricity, in order to generate the polarity alternation of the magnetic components intending to obtain the attraction/repulsion effect. Obviously, this process, in order to keep the rotor spinning under load (torque applied to the shaft), requires high energy consumption. As consequence, heat losses are inevitable.
Thus, as exposed hereinbefore, particularly due to the action- reaction interactions, one verifies that the electromagnetic motors are said to have intrinsic heat losses, which are impossible to be avoided. In other words, the alternating magnetic fields produced by the passage of alternating electric current through the stator and rotor coils of the motors cause them to heat up in the same proportion to the intensity and variation rate of these fields. Because of that, when an electric motor is fed by any kind of power supply - either battery or AC power public grid - the simple free-load spin of the shaft involves some mechanical torque, which reacts to the electric power supply circuit and represents a line voltage drop, against the feeding energy of the motor, tending to stop it. This voltage drop is technically known as counter electromotive force (back emf).
Nevertheless, to each mechanical load added to the line of the motor, the extra electric power required to overcome it will represent an increase in the back emf, i.e., a resistance increase. As consequence to that, the temperature of the windings rises and causes the efficiency of the motor to drop. In case the mechanical load is too high and exceeds its design limit value, overheating takes place and the motor burns.
In this sense, one can remark that the continuous supply of electricity (AC or DC) to the conventional motors involves a series of problems, especially those related to overheating and performance drop.
According to the scientific theories utilized to develop these electromagnetic motors, four intrinsic and opposing forces to the movement of the motor are considered, as follows: counter electromotive force, magnetic drag, hysteresis and eddy currents. All of these resistive forces result in heating and possible burning of the motors when they are subjected to heavy loads, for they demand continuous electric supply from the power source.
After the above explanations, the inventors claim, in spite of acknowledging the theoretical concepts known today, and complement that the same are incomplete, because they ignore the essential physical characteristics of the magnetic matter and/or electric conductive matter in regard to its function of capturing energy from the environment, as well as the structure of the electromagnetic fields, the concepts of voltage and electric current and their deficiencies. Taking into consideration that the motors of the present state of the art are said to have these resistive forces as intrinsic to their functioning, today's projects are oversized and their electric consumption is more elevated than they should, which contributes to cause negative impact over the environment. As technicians in the field are aware, one of the main problems in the world today is the scarceness of natural resources for power generation, besides the quantity of pollutants sent off to the atmosphere caused by the burning of fossil fuels.
In order to briefly clarify the bases of the invention, according to the theories and concepts researched and developed by Keppe (refer to "The New Physics Derived From A Disinverted Metaphysics", Keppe, Norberto da Rocha, published 1996, Proton Publishing House, Paris) the present invention is based on the hypothesis that matter captures and transforms immaterial energy, called essential energy, into secondary forms of energy, namely electricity and magnetism.
In short, besides other concepts explored by Keppe, the author holds that the essential energy, in the case of the magnetic fields, is twofold and bidirectional, i.e., it always acts in two equal components, but in opposite and complimentary directions.
More specifically, what we know as voltage according to traditional concepts, for Keppe, means essential energy itself, so that when electric current flows through a conducting wire, caused by an electric potential difference between its terminals, in fact, just one component of the essential energy is in use. One simply ignores the power of the second component of the essential energy. As consequence to that, because this second component is totally discarded, the motors of the present state of the art present heat loss inconveniences. In other words, the electromagnetic motors of the present state of the art utilize the energy generated by the magnetic field during the electric current input, ignoring or discarding the second component of the essential energy, i.e., the back energy derived from the collapsing of the magnetic field, which also involves higher voltage/current peaks in opposite direction to those supplied by the power supply.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, intending to overcome deficiencies and solve the problems hereinbefore mentioned in relation to the electric motors of the state of the art, the electromagnetic motor, object of the present invention, was developed.
More specifically, it is the goal of the present invention an electromagnetic motor that can replace any other motor powered by primary forms of energy such as electric, electromagnetic, mechanic, nuclear, piezoelectric, sonic, thermal, luminous, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, electromagnetic induction, combustion of fossil fuels, biofuels, etc., preferably those designed to deliver torque.
Yet, another goal of the invention is an electromagnetic motor with technical and functional characteristics that can diminish, or even eliminate in specific cases, the resistive forces acting against the movement of the rotor through the application of the concepts developed by Keppe.
Yet, the present invention has for goal an electromagnetic motor which, besides utilizing the energy generated by the electric current flow inside the wires of a coil, captures and uses the essential energy in its complete form, i.e., a motor designed to capture and use the two components of the essential energy trapped in the magnetic fields.
In this way, it is the goal of the invention an electromagnetic motor that does not heat up and makes it possible for the manufacture of wireless versions of many electric household appliances which are traded only with wires and currently designed be plugged to 110/220V domestic electric outlets, like for example, fans, vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc.
It is also object of the invention an electromagnetic motor that enhances the useful life of conventional batteries utilized in wireless devices and power tools, without diminishing their mechanical power.
Yet, the electromagnetic motor of the invention is more efficient, which reduces considerably the manufacturing costs of electric equipment that embodies motors, for it is possible to reduce their size and, consequently use less material to manufacture them. Additionally, it is the objective of the invention a motor that can be adapted to work as a power generator, small or big, and help save energy in electric power plants based on primary driving energies such as radioactive material, water potential, wind potential, sun, coal etc. The electromagnetic motor according to the invention can, still, be easily adapted to replace hybrid (fuel/electricity) motors currently developed for the car, nautical and aircraft industry, for its capacity and work potential are considerably superior to those of the conventional motors, in addition to consuming less electric energy.
In order to reach the goals hereinbefore proposed, the electromagnetic motor of the present invention is equipped to utilize the essential energy in its integrality, particularly its second component, here called back component, or back energy, which is obtained both 1) through the collapse of the magnetic field caused by draining off the energy trapped inside the stator coils when the electric current input ceases and 2) the high voltage peaks caused by switching on and off the input current to the coils.
More specifically, the electromagnetic motor of the present invention works with electric current pulses provided by a power supply in closed circuit that feeds the wires of stator coils, inside which there is a magnetic rotor. The pulses are controlled by means of sensors duly positioned so as to determine the exact instant of the pulses, making possible the capturing and harnessing of the said back energy.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
The objectives and technical effects attained by the electromagnetic motor, object of the present invention, shall be clear to technicians of the field, starting with the following detailed description referring to the enclosed sketches, in which:
- Figure 1 illustrates the basic setup of the electromagnetic motor according to the present invention;
- Figures 2A, 2B and 2C illustrate the movement sequence of the rotor of the electromagnetic motor in accordance with the invention;
- Figure 3 illustrates an optional design of the electromagnetic motor of the invention;
- Figure 4 illustrates other construction design that utilizes electromagnetic motors according to the present invention;
- Figures 5A, 5B and 5C illustrate alternative designs for the electromagnetic motor according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The electromagnetic motor, object of the present invention comprises a structure that can utilize essential energy in its integrality. Besides the energy generated to power the stator coil during the electric current input, it also captures and uses the back energy derived from the collapse of the magnetic field when the energy supply is switched off and the magnetic energy of the said stator coil is drained off.
More precisely, the electromagnetic motor of the present invention is equipped with simple structure features which were developed according to principles outlined by Norberto da Rocha Keppe, in the book hereinbefore mentioned.
The present invention has for goal an electromagnetic motor that generates work and mechanical torque with potential, at least equivalent to that of the conventional motors of the state of the art, but consuming less electric energy, for the electric power supply is not constant.
More preferably, in the first working model of the invention, the electromagnetic motor shown in Figure 1 is comprised of a stator 1 constituted by a coil 2 made with conducting wires whose terminals T1 and T2 are respectively connected to the positive pole P1 and negative P2 of a power supply 3, so that between the terminal T2 and the negative pole P2 there is a on/off switch 4 properly positioned on the side and close to the end of the shaft 5 of the magnetic rotor 6.
The said shaft 5 is positioned at the center and forming a right angle with the body of the stator 1 , through the ball bearings 7, so that inside the body of the said stator 1 , the shaft 5 supports the rotor 6, which is comprised of at least one permanent magnet.
Preferably, the coil 2 is formed by the windings of a conducting wire, such as copper or aluminum, in two sectors with preferably the same number of turns and axially positioned apart from one another. Figure 1 shows the said sectors A and B connected to each other and winded apart around the stator body 1.
The number of turns of each sector A and B of the coil 2 is set according to the specifications of the design, for this factor is essential to create the magnetic field desired and, consequently, the power of the motor to be developed.
Yet, according to the attached sketches and a specific design of the invention, the electromagnetic motor is powered by pulses of DC current (from batteries or rectified AC current) with duration times depending on the design. This arrangement is different from the electromagnetic motors of the state of the art that use the alternation of AC sinusoidal signals to produce the magnetic field and, consequently the incompatibility of the magnetic polarities and rotation of the rotor shaft. In addition to that, in one of the shaft ends 5, outside the stator body 1 , an actuator 8 is properly positioned to turn on and off the on/off switch 4 when the shaft 5 rotates. Preferably, the said actuator 8 is a permanent magnet whose magnetic field lies at right angle to the rotation shaft 5, and the said on/off switch 4 is a Reed-type switch that responds to the presence of the said magnetic field. The actuator 8 can be replaced to suit other switches 4 like Hall sensors, optic sensors or even discarded in the case of PWM pulsating circuits. Thus, when the shaft 5 of the rotor 6 rotates, the said actuator 8 turns on the switch 4, opening and closing the electric circuit of the electromagnetic motor of the invention, so as to provide electric current pulses to power the stator coil.
Alternatively, one (or more) synchronous pulsating electromagnet 9 can be properly positioned to help speed up the rotation of the rotor 6. The said electromagnet 9 is preferably made of a soft iron core enveloped by a number of turns of conducting wire which generates a magnetic field to help the incompatibility between the polarities and the magnetic poles of the rotor 6, thus causing them to repel one another.
More specifically in regard to the sequence of sketches shown in Figures 2A, 2B and 2C, the electromagnetic motor of the invention works in the following way: the actuator 8, attached to the end of the shaft 5 of the rotor 6 is positioned and adjusted so that its magnetic field, when closing the on/off switch 4, is at a precise point where the angle of the shaft of the rotor 6, in relation to the magnetic field lines of the stator coil, is [alpha] = -X<0>, as shown in Figure 2A. In this exact position, the magnet of the rotor 6 starts its cycle of attraction, tending to its neutral point, where [alpha] = 0[deg.] in relation to the magnetic field lines of the stator coil, to immediately afterwards enter the drag region, whose tendency is to stop it due to the polarity of the magnetic field generated by the coil 2 and the polarity of the rotor 6. At the moment the rotor 6 reaches its neutral point, i.e., where [alpha] = 0[deg.], as indicated in Figure 2B and is ready to enter the drag region, the on/off switch 4 is switched off.
At this moment when the on/off switch 4 is off, the force of the magnetic drag ceases. Nevertheless, immediately after this neutral point, where [alpha] = +X[deg.], indicated in Figure 2C, the opposing force or back energy caused by the collapse of the magnetic field inside the stator coil 2 acts upon the rotor 6, inverting the polarity of the magnetic field and forcing the rotor 6 to move away in the attempt to reach equilibrium or the neutral point of the movement of the rotor. It must be clarified that such effect is a combined effect between the energy gained by the observed negative peaks of voltage (and current) provoked by turning on and off the switch 4, and the magnetic energy derived from the collapse of the magnetic field, which inverts polarity of the field trapped in the coil, thus exerting a force of repulsion upon the magnetic rotor 6. As indicated in Figures 2A and 2C the representative lines X of magnetic field invert direction, provoking the polarity inversion of the magnetic field of the coil 2.
Thus, according to the construction described above, the electromagnetic motor of the present invention provokes two phenomena almost at the same time due to the short time interval between the electric current pulses generated. First, when the on/off switch 4 is turned on, the battery feeds the stator coil of the motor that builds up a magnetic field proportional to the supplied voltage, which attracts the magnet of the rotor to the position of equilibrium - immediately after that, the second phenomenon takes place, when the on/off switch 4 is turned off, causing the magnetic field of the coil to collapse, which is responsible, together with the extra energy caused by the negative voltage peaks mentioned before, for the generation of the back energy, i.e., the second component of the essential energy trapped inside the coil and built up by the first component supplied by the power source. One can easily verify with the help of a scope, that the voltage corresponding to this back energy ranges from 10 to 20 times more than the supply voltage of the first component.
Besides this evident power gain due to the back energy, the fact of pulsating DC current, preferably supplied by a battery, without phase alternation like in the case of AC current supply, gives the following results: i) minimized counter electromotive force in the case of constant and low torque applications, for the magnetic rotor rotates freely along more than half the rotor cycle; ii) minimized drag, for the magnetic field of the stator coil is turned off immediately after the rotor magnet 6 passes the point of equilibrium, which lets it rotate freely until other pulses are applied at specific points; iii) zero hysteresis, for pulsed DC has no polarity alternation to affect the magnetic dipoles of iron cores. In addition, the motor of the present invention requires no iron cores in many applications; iv) minimized eddy currents, because the magnetic fields created inside the coil 2 - both during power supply and back energy supply are parallel to the body of the motor, thus yielding close-to-zero induced currents. In addition, the stator bodies of the motor of the present invention can be made of light non-metallic and/or plastic-like materials that greatly reduce the negative effects of eddy currents.
Besides the reduction and/or elimination of hysteresis and eddy currents losses, the inventors remark that heat losses in the conductors caused by the Joule effect are also greatly minimized because the magnetic rotor in movement, builds up and maintains its own alternating magnetic field inside the stator coils, which, together with the second component of the essential energy, maintains more magnetic energy trapped in the stator coils, thus reducing the current flow necessary to apply the same torque to the shaft. Consequently, there is no considerable temperature rise, which improves both efficiency and useful life of the motor, for there is no risk of overheating.
Besides this, as one can observe, during the functioning of the electromagnetic motor according to the invention, the power supply 3 is not constantly active, for it only inputs energy into the circuit when the pulses are given by the actuator 8 upon the on/off switch 4. As result, the consumption of the battery is greatly reduced when compared to the motors of the state of the art, and this allows new battery-built-in designs for currently non-portable equipment. Thus, in short, the electromagnetic motor, object of the invention, is designed in principle to capture and harness energy generated by the collapse of the magnetic field which takes place when the energy contained in the coil 2 is drained off. Such energy is responsible for the inversion of polarity of the magnetic field that acts upon the magnetic rotor.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate alternative constructions comprised of a series of electromagnetic motors according to the present invention. Figure 3 shows the combination of a series of rotors 6<1> sitting side by side along the same shaft 5'. Each rotor 6' rests inside its own stator coil, so as to add torque at the shaft ends.
This design is particularly used for power equipment with longitudinal bodies, because the association of individual torques in the same shaft adds. This combination can work with lower voltages than those used for conventional motors and thus operate with batteries and reach high efficiency. In addition, the use of higher voltages increases torque considerably.
Figure 4 is a sketch of another combination of motors interconnected by means of gears 10, which depending on their rate, can increase or diminish torque (or speed) at the ends of the rotating shaft.
Through this alternative design, the phenomenon of resonance causes the motors to interact with one another at distance, still increasing the efficiency of the mechanical system as a whole. In other words, besides the action of the coils upon the magnetic rotors, the entire system benefits from the resonance between the magnetic rotors. As result, torque and consumption are optimized. More specifically Figures 5A, 5B and 5C depict alternative designs for the electromagnetic motor of the present invention, all of them with the purpose of achieving better efficiency and consequently work capacity. In these assemblies one observes that the disposition of the coils is altered to increase the number of pulses that generate voltage peaks and electric current along one cycle of the rotor.
Figure 5A illustrates an assembly in which coil 2 is comprised of four sectors axially positioned and 90 degrees out of phase, so that two pulses are generated along the rotation cycle of rotor 6. This is called biphasic assembly.
Figure 5B shows an assembly in which the coil comprises six sectors out of phase with each other, so that the feeding pulses of electric current are applied in three specific points of the rotation cycle of the rotor. In this case the electromagnetic motor is called triphasic assembly. Figure 5C shows a construction in which the coil 2 is divided into eight out-of-phase sectors, which requires four pulsation points along the rotation cycle of the rotor, being called tetraphasic assembly.
These arrangements are more compact, and their configurations take advantage of more pulses (direct and back - in both directions of the coil) along the same cycle of the rotor, which speeds up the rotor and stabilizes torque when heavier loads are applied to the shaft.
As a practical example of the advantages and technical effects given by the electromagnetic motor according to the present invention when compared to the conventional motors known in the state of the art, one can utilize any electrical receptor like for example a domestic fan.
A typical and regular medium size domestic fan found in the market today is designed to consume around 120W of energy (P). The voltage (U) of the public power grid used for such devices is usually 127V (or 220V). Let's consider it 120V for easy calculation. Therefore, according to basic electrical theories, the electric current (i) flowing through the motor of this fan is 1 Amp, because: i = P / U = 120W / 120V = 1A
In other words, this electric appliance requires 1 Ampere of electric current to produce 120W power, which rotates the fan at a certain speed. When this motor of the state of the art was actually replaced by one equivalent electromagnetic motor of the present invention, it was possible to obtain the same mechanical work (i.e., the fan rotating at the same speed) with two 12V batteries in series (24V total voltage) and only 0.5 Amp flowing through the motor of the fan. Therefore, the power required by the motor of the fan to produce the same mechanical work was:
P = U x i = 24 x 0.5 = 12W
The comparison between the two fans, one with the conventional motor of the state of the art and the other with the electromagnetic motor of the present invention, revealed that this latter is about ten times more efficient (consumed 10 times less energy) than the motor of the current state of the art, due to the fact that the electromagnetic motor of the present invention is able to harness the back energy captured by the voltage peaks together with the collapse of the magnetic field trapped inside the coil, when the electric power supply is turned on and off at precise positions, as mentioned hereinbefore.
Alternatively, the rotation shaft of the electromagnetic motor in concern can be attached to a mechanism that, through the mechanical torque generated by the motor, works as a power generator. In addition, the adaptation in concern can be attached to, or even replace generators ran on primary sources of energy. Although the present invention is described in relation to the motors utilized in devices called electric receptors, it is possible, also, to wind a second coil around the first coil, so that the second coil captures the back energy by induction and stores it in capacitors, recharges batteries or uses it for torque.
Thus, in regard to all of what has been exposed hereinbefore, it is clear that the electromagnetic motor, object of the present invention, can obtain a substantial energy gain, due to voltage peaks and magnetic field collapses, as well as considerable reduction of losses, considered intrinsic to the motors of the current state of the art.
