1980-10-01
Description --
The present invention refers to an equipment making it possible to
amplify the emissions due to the forms, in particular with the single
geometric forms presenting a minimum of symmetry.
It is known that certain geometric forms, for example pyramids, are,
when they present appropriate proportions, the seat of emissions which
one could not determine to present the exact nature. One noted that
such emissions had effects, in particular on the living organisms.
Until present, it was not possible to obtain with the aforementioned
emissions due to the forms, of the measurable and exploitable effects
in industry.
The present invention has as an object an apparatus making it possible
to amplify, according to a said principle of “localization”, the
emissions due to forms to obtain industrially exploitable effects.
According to the present invention, such an apparatus comprises
essentially a geometric form presenting a minimum of symmetry in planar
or space, this form being associated a device producing an electric
and/or magnetic and/or electromagnetic field in determined volume by
the aforementioned form or in the vicinity immediate of this volume,
such fields being able to be fixed or movable compared to the
aforementioned form, and being able to be modulated or not.
According to an embodiment prefered of the invention, the
aforementioned form is a substantially regular polygonal frame with 16
dimensions and is associated a device producing an electric power
in the volume delimited by the aforementioned frame, this device
comprising four electrodes with dimensions regularly spaced
on the aforesaid frame in their medium, two of the aforesaid electrodes
having a stable, filtered
continuous positive potential compared to the ground to
which other electrodes are connected, the formed angle by the points of
the
two positive electrodes
being, preferably,
of approximately
28 degrees apart,
while that formed by the points of the two
negative electrodes is, preferably, of
approximately 23 degrees.
The aforementioned
positive potential
is preferably of at least 45
kilovolts and preferably of at least 60 Kv, the aforementioned
electrodes having the general shape of points directed towards the
center of the aforesaid frame, the points of the four said electrodes
being, preferably, in a same plane, which is preferably, the planar
mediator of the aforesaid polygonal frame, the square dummy one
delimited by the of the aforesaid points four electrodes being
concentric by report/ratio to that the frame and having
diagonal
approximately 400 millimeters at least for a potential of approximately
45 Kv and approximately at least 1 metre for a potential of
approximately 300 Kv,
the
diameter of the circle circumscribed with the
formed polygon by the aforementioned frame being at least 200
centimetres for a potential of approximately 45 Kv, and at least 280 cm
for a potential of approximately 300 Kv.
According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the frame
is made in a material, preferably out of a natural material, of which
the structure, with the level of fibres or the crystalline level, is
directed or has itself of remarkable symmetries. Preferably, each side
of the
polygonal frame is constructed
of a small, very dry solid wood plank, the length of the small
plank being taken preferably in the
direction of fibres of the wood, the different successive small planks
being connected between them by glue or using pegs, also made of wood,
such pegs not having, preferably, to exceed small pieces.
Natural materials not having any
coherent or directed structure, such
as for example the rubber, are to be avoided.
According to an embodiment prefered of the invention, some of the small
planks forming the with dimensions ones of the polygonal frame are with
character of a
right Moebius strip,
and other with character of
a
left Moebius strip.
According to another embodiment of the invention, equipment comprises
two or several regular polygonal concentric frames, each one
having different numbers of dimensions.
To reinforce the effect of amplification, one can preferably have on
the
stems supporting the electrodes
the parts, preferably out of same
material that that of the frame, having for example round ovoidal or
rhomboidal, and when several of these forms are laid
out on the same stem of an electrode, dimensions of these parts are
homothetic,
those having lowest
dimensions being close to the
corresponding electrode, the other parts being laid out after, and all
the more far away from the first their dimensions are larger.
To reinforce the effect of amplification, one can also lay out on
certain sides of the form or in proximity volumes
preferably manufactured of same material that the frame, these volumes
being in general single geometric volumes, for example of the trunks of
cylinders finishing with the one their ends by a conical point, the
angle of opening of these cones being
preferably of approximately 140 degrees.
One can also lay out in the form itself or near inorganic natural or
synthetic, such as
carborundum.
One can also
add systems with
acoustic resonance in appropriate places,
in proximity to the frame.
The various additional forms can be made out of separate
materials, or a single material so their edges can be
joined.
The form can also manufactured using a control of appropriate form in
which one makes fluid circulation fluid possible.
To further increase the effect of amplification of the device of the
invention, one can fix it on a single or equatorial mounting and direct
it in an appropriate way.
The present invention will be better understood using the
detailed description of several taken embodiments like the
nonrestrictive examples illustrated by the annexed drawings, in which
-
Figure 1 is a
planar view of an embodiment prefered of an according device to the
present
invention;
-
Figures 2 and 3 are
cross-sections of two embodiments of electrodes of the devices of
figures 1 and 2; and,
-
Figure 4 is a schematic view
of an alternative of the device of Figure 1.
The apparatus of amplification represented on Figure 1 includes
essentially a geometric form F and four electrodes with their stem
electrode holders affixed to create an electric field in the volume
delimited by the aforementioned form, and in the vicinity.
In the case of the embodiment prefered of the invention represented on
Figure 1, the present form F like an hollow cylinder lof shallow depth,
the
wall of this cylinder, or frame, having out of radial cut substantially
the shape of a
regular polygon with
16 sides with dimensions respectively
referred 1 to 16.
However, it is clearly understood that the polygonal hollow cylindrical
form is not the only one possible, other forms, for example pyramidal
forms also can be used in the frame of the invention.
The sixteen sides of the frame materializing the form F can all be
substantially identical, and consist each one of a rectangular
parallelepiped. However, the applicant noted that if some of the
dimensions are different, and in particular
if certain sides have a
character of left strip of Moebius and other character of straight
Moebius strip, one obtains good amplification of the emissions
due to
the form F.
In the embodiment prefered of the invention represented in Figure
I, with dimensions referred the 1, 3, 7, 8, 12,14 and consisted
rectangular parallelepipeds, sides 2, 4, 5, 9; 11,13 and 15
consist of volumes with the character of a right Moebius strip and with
dimensions the 6 and 10 are left Moebius strips. However, it is clearly
understood that other different
provisions on the formed sides by rectangular parallelepipeds, by
volumes with characters of strip of left and right Moebius can be
considered while getting an improvement of amplification also of the
aforesaid emissions. By volumes with character strip of Moebius one
hears volumes resulting of the
twist
of 180 degrees of the one of the ends
of a rectangular cuboid strip compared to the other end (the strip
being supposed to lend itself to such a torsion), this torsion being
done around the longitudinal axis of the aforesaid the cuboid strip.
The strip of Moebius is said right or left according to whether it
can be comparable with a right or left threading respectively.
In the case of the embodiment of figure 1, volumes with
the Moebius strips are thicker in their
middle ( i.e., they would be
carried out starting from a rectangular strip of which the thickness
would be larger with the middle than at the ends) in order to allow the
drilling of holes in their mediums for the insulators and fixing
mounting, as explained below). In practice, it is preferable not to
twist a wood small plank, but to cut the aforementioned
volumes as Moebius strips. Keys volumes are,
preferably, regular, i.e. symmetrical compared to their respective
centers, and
their total number must
be odd.
All with dimensions the 1 to 16 of the form F is made out of very dry
wood, for example of
poplar, of oak,
or an exotic wood.
The applicant noted that the natural materials with fibres directed
such as the wood gave the good results, and that
materials such as
rubber or the plywood, or synthetic
products such as plastic did not produce any
substantial result.
When with dimensions the 1 to 16 is manufactured out of wood, they are
assembled mutually, preferably by assembly of the mortise tenon out of
wood which can reinforce the assembly, and not exceeding the dimensions
of the frame.
The applicant noted that industrially to obtain useful results, the
form F was to be such as the circle circumscribed with
the formed polygon by
the frame was
to have a diameter of at least
approximately 250 cm, the high applied tension, in a way
explained
below,
with the electrodes being at
least 45 Kv, preferably from at
least 60 kv, low tensions to 45 Kv having not very industrially
exploitable effects.
Sides 5 and 13 of the frame, with right Moebius strips are drilled of a
hole passing by their center and whose axis merges
with a radius of the circle circumscribed with the form F. The drilled
holes in with dimensions the 5 and 13 are used for fixing of the form F
on a mounting, not represented, for example an equatorial or ordinary
mounting, making it possible to direct in space the form F. However,
one could envisage other modes of fixing of the form F on its mounting.
With dimensions the 3, 7, 11 and 15 are drilled holes, in the same way
that sides 5 and 13, in order to allow the fixing of the electrodes,
as described below.
Small wood planks constituting
the dimensions 1,3,7,8,12,14
16, preferably, have a
width equal to
or greater than 20 cm and a thickness equal to or greater than 4 cm,
preferably between 6 and 10 cm.
The sides with right and left Moebius strips have, with their
extremities 5 preferably, the same thickness as the planar sides,
their thickness gradually increasing ends towards the center, up to a
value of approximately
at least 8 cm,
this, in order to allow the
drilling from with dimensions the 5 and 13 for the fixing of the frame
on mounting and the sides 11 and 15 for the fixing of the electrodes.
The applicant noted that one could also favorably influence the effect
of amplification by affixing with
ankles, volumes manufactured in the same material as frame. In the
example of realization represented on figure 1, one
fixed on the faces, turned towards the inner one of the form, the sides
1 and 9, volumes 17 and 18 respectively manufactured out of wood.
These volumes 17 and 18 consist of
cylinders
with
cones on their ends, the point angle of these cones being preferably
approximately 140 degrees, the diameter of the cylinders being
low to the
length of with dimensions form, and the
height of these cylinders being
of about size of a few centimetres.
On sides 3, 7, 11 and 15 of the frame constituting the fixed form F one
the electrodes 19, 20, 21 and 22 respectively, these electrodes being
supported by stems electrode holders 23. Electrodes 19 to 22 are made
out of electric conductive good material, for example
copper and
are consisted a circular cone 24 whose base is connected to the stem
electrode holders 23 by one surface of hemisphere 25.
The point angles of electrodes 20 and 21 are, preferably,
of 23 degrees +/- 30
' so
that the point angles of the cones of
the electrodes 19 and 22 are preferably
28 degrees +/- 30
'.
The length of
each
electrode 19 to 22, taken in the direction of their axis,
is
approximately 60 to 90 mm. However, other shapes of electrodes
can to be considered.
The stems 23, which are, also,
made out of an electric conductive good
material, for example of
copper,
and at the ends of which electrodes 19
to 22 are screwed or welded, cross with dimensions the 3, 7, 11 and 15
of the frame constituting the form F through appropriate insulators 26,
for example out of glass or porcelain, these insulators
drilled with an axial hole having substantially the same diameter that
that of the stems electrode holders 23, the stems electrode holders 23
being attached of appropriate way in these insulators 26.
Insulators 26
have a maximum outer diameter of approximately 5 cm
corresponding to
the bore practised in sides 3, 7, 11 and 15, and are attached there of
appropriate way, for example by joining.
The axial length of insulators
26 is at least equal with the width on the sides which they cross (
i.e. the length of the holes bored in these sides), and, preferably of
at least twice this width.
Since with dimensions 3 and 11, and sides 7 and 15 are diametrically
opposite and that the hollow polygonal volume consisted the frame is
substantially regular, and that the holes bored in these four with
dimensions are directed towards the center of this volume and are
applied to the center on the corresponding sides, the four stems
electrode holders 23 are directed following of the rays of the circle
circumscribed with the form F and when they are taken consecutively two
to two, are substantially perpendicular between them. Preferably, one
adjusts of appropriate way the directions of the stems electrode
holders 23 so that
the points of four
electrodes 19 to 22 are coplanar,
the plane in which are located these four points not passing the
center of the form out ;
distances
separating the points from
electrodes 20 and 22 and electrodes 19 and 21 are preferably of at
least 400 millimeters when applied potential with electrodes 19 and 22
are approximately 45 Kv, and from
at least approximately 1 metre when
this potential is approximately 300 Kv. [
Cubit ... ]
On each stem electrode holders 23, one lays out, between the base of
the corresponding electrode and insulator 26 two volumes 27, 28
substantially ovoidal, in the same material that the form F,
i.e. out of wood for the embodiment prefered, the tops with lower angle
of opening of the ovoid forms 27 and 28 being directed towards the
center of the form F. One lays out outside the form F, around
insulators 26, six identical discs 29, being of course that insulators
26 exceed sufficiently of the form F towards the outer one, if not the
discs could be directly attached on the stem of electrodes
23. Then, one lays out on the stems 23 two other ovoidal volumes 30 and
31 respectively, whose tops of lower angle of opening are also directed
towards the center of the form F.
The
discs 29 and volumes 30 and 31
are
also realized in the same material that volumes 27 and 28. However, all
the materials suitable with the manufacture of the form F can be used
to carry out volumes 27 and 28, 30 and 31 and discs 29.
Discs 29 have, preferably, an outer
diameter of approximately 32 cm and
a thickness from approximately 1 cm, and are drilled with an
axial hole corresponding to the maximum outer diameter of the insulator
26 on which
they are threaded, and attached in an appropriate way.
As one sees better in figure 2, representing a volume V which is any
of ovoidal volumes 27, 28, 30 or 31, each one of these volumes is
drilled of an axial hole T, and axial conical facings 32, 33 are
practised with each end of ovoidal volume V, the points being directed
one towards the other one.
The angle of the opening 1
of the conical facing 32, practised in
the top of wider opening of ovoidal volume, is, preferably of 28 + 30 '
and that of conical facing 33, opening 2, being preferably, of 23
degrees +/- 30'.
P is the depths of conical facings 32 and 33 and L the length, taken
in the direction of the axis, ovoidal volume V against the drilling of
facings 32 and 33.
L1, L2, L3 and L4 are the lengths L of volumes 27, 28, 30 and 31
respectively. These four volumes are
homothetic,
ratios
L4 / L3 ,
L3 / L2, L2 / L1 giving ratios of homothety. In the preferred
mode of realization,
L1 = 6 cm, L2 =
15 cm, L3 = 24 cm and L4 =
approximately 33 cm.
The values of the depths P
follow the same ratios of homothety
that the lengths L. For all ovoidal volumes 27 and 28, 30 and 31,
conical facings with opening of approximately 23 degrees are directed
towards
the center of the form F when these volumes are attached on the stems
23.
In the case of the embodiment quoted above, the
depth P of facings 32
and 33 of volume 31 is 12 cm, the P1 depths in P3 of other
volumes 27,
28 and 30 deducing some following the aforementioned ratios of
homothety.
The stems 23 of the electrodes 19 and 22 are connected both to a source
(not represented) of filtered and stabilized DC current, positive
compared to the ground. The stems 23 of electrodes 20 and 21 are both
connected, in a way not represented, with the potential of the ground.
It is clearly understood that one can have on the stems electrode
holders 23 other volumes having forms for example those
represented on figure 3, these last replacing volumes 27, 28, 30 and 31
and discs 29. One can add volumes also having
other forms, or put nothing on these stems 23.
Represented in figure 3 is an alternative of volume which can replace
the volumes 27, 28, 30 and 31 represented in figure 2.
The volume 34 represented on figure 3 has a general rhomboidal
form, i.e., a form whose outer surface would be that
generated by
a
round rhombus around its
large axis, the acute angles of this
rhombus being on the aforementioned axis. One of the acute angles (#1)
of the aforesaid rhombus is approximately
57 degrees 20 ', while the other one
(#2) is of approximately 51 degrees.
Form 34 is drilled of an axial hole 35 whose diameter corresponds to
that of the stems electrode holders 23. In the top of volume 34 having
the angle of practical opening V one an axial conical facing having an
angle of opening 1 of approximately
23
degrees, while in that having the
angle of opening 2, one practical an axial conical facing of angle of
opening from approximately 28 degrees. The depths P' of the
aforesaid facings
conical are equal and are determined, just as the length the of the
aforesaid rhombus, taken according to its large axis, in the same way
that in the case of the ovordaux volumes represented on figure 1.
When one uses the volumes 34
represented on figure 3, in the place of
ovoidal volumes, one can remove discs 29 while obtaining an
improvement of substantially equal or great amplification to that
obtained with the aforementioned ovoidal volumes.
According to an alternative of the embodiment prefered of the present
invention,
one can either insert in
the frame, or lay out
near this frame, inside or outside the volume which it delimits, a
natural inorganic form, of carborundum.
It was noted that such inorganics makes it possible to
increase the
amplification of the device and/or to change the nature of the
emissions and/or to confer to the frame the fractal character,
which is
a known mathematical character.
For the inorganic natural, one can for example use
proustite, pyragyrite, obsidian,
etc…, as well as several of these inorganics simultaneously. It was
also
noted that
natural graphite has a
strong influence on the fractal character.
One can also use in the place of inorganic, or in addition to those, of
nematic liquids. [
Oil, gas, gasoline, water , nitrogen (
Lorg Rayleigh ) ... ]
It is also possible to add to the frame or near this one of other
volumes, preferably out of natural material, for example out of wood,
presenting directed fibres,
materials
such as rubber not having any
noted effect. Such forms not
only
make it possible to increase the
effect of amplification of the device, but also to unify the effects
obtained in space and time, and to avoid the creation of
freezing conditions for human use. [
Frost prevention ? ... ]
Such additional forms can for example be cones with point angle
determined, forms with character of fractal object, polygons with four,
eight or sixteen sides for example, polygons with seven dimensions,
hemispheres, etc…
One can also add to the device of the
invention, acoustic resonators,
lasers for continuous or rhythmic emission, or many
fluids in movement
in conduits of appropriate form. [
Schauberger ... ]
In Figure 4, one schematically represented another embodiment of the
according apparatus to the present invention.
The apparatus represented in Figure 4 comprises two concentric F1 forms
and F2 , the F1 form being outside the F2 form.
The
F1 form consists of an octagonal
frame whose with dimensions ones
are respectively referred 39 to 46, and form
F2 consists of a
regular polygonal frame with sixteen sides respectively
referred 47 to
62.
The frames constituting the forms F1 and F are carried out in same way
that the frame represented on Figure 1 and have the same
characteristics, single substantially dimensions of these frames are
different.
In one mode of realization of the invention,
circles circumscribed with
the frames F1 and F2 have respective diameters of 384 and approximately
192 cm. However, dimensions of these circles, and consequently
of the
frames constituting the forms F1 and F2 can be larger. If the diameters
of these frames are smaller, it would be necessary is to decrease the
high applied tension with the electrodes carried by these frames, which
would have an adverse effect on amplification, that is to say to take
very large precautions of electric insulation.
Also, the forms F1 and F2 are laid out one compared to the other one so
that
with dimension of the
form F2 is with respect to the top
ranging between with dimensions the 39 and 46 of the F1 form.
The forms F1 and F2 are joined together between them using spacers 63
which are realized, preferably, in same material that the frames
constituting the forms F1 and F2, for example out of very dry wood.
Spacers 63 connect with dimensions the 47, 51, 55 and 59 of the F2 form
at the corresponding tops of the F1 form.
The electrodes (not represented) are attached on with dimensions the
49, 53, 57 and 61 of the F2 form, in the same way that in the case of
the apparatus represented on Figure 1.
On with dimensions the 47 and 55 of the F2 form one can have volumes 65
and 66 respectively, which can be carried out and laid out in the same
way that the volumes 17 and 18 represented in Figure 1, or in a
different way.
The axis passing by the centers from with dimensions the 51 and 59 is
referred 64, and one can make turn the two forms F1 and F2 with their
electrodes and possible volumes associated around this axis using an
appropriate mounting (not represented).
To further increase the effect of amplification of the equipment
of
which two of the possible embodiments are described above, one can
lay
out it in a truncated pyramid, which can be constructed as a
frame, of which the
height is
approximately 4,5 m and whose base is
square and has approximately 5 metres in dimension. The
proportions
of the regular pyramid from which this truncated pyramid is obtained
are such as the length L of its oblique sides is equal with C.
C being the length on a side of the base of the pyramid and W the
actual root of the equation: X^3 - X - 1 = O, i.e. approximately 1,325.
The truncated pyramid is obtained while cutting the top of the pyramid
to the quarter length of its oblique edges, i.e. length 1 ' of the
oblique edges of the truncated pyramid is equal with 3/4.c.y, two bases
of the truncated pyramid being thus parallel between them.
One can supplement this truncated
pyramid while laying out around this
small base, which is also square,
with
a circle, for example out of wood, of
diameter C '', centered on the axis of the pyramid, it being the
length of with dimensions of the small base of the truncated pyramid.
One can also have on the oblique edges
of the pyramid the wood
hemispheres whose diameter is equal with the length of the aforesaid
edges, outside the truncated pyramid.
To operate the present invention, one
applies with electrodes 19 and a 22 positive potential which one
increases gradually from zero up to a maximum value of at least 4r Kv.
The effects obtained are all the more substantial as its potential is
higher.
However, for the great ones to approximately 300 Kv, it is necessary to
take very large precautions of electric insulation, and the dangers of
manipulation are increased.
The generator producing the aforementioned positive potential will have
to be able to be capable to deliver
a
current of approximately 100 microamperes, and will be able
preferably to comprise a protective circuit cancelling as soon as
possible the high produced tension if the output current exceeds a
certain value, for example 100 microamperes.
It was noted that
the effects
enumerated below commence at the end of approximately an hour the
carrying under tension of the equipment of the invention, in a ray of
approximately 30 metres or more around this equipment.
Among the noted effects, and whose list is not restrictive, one can
quote:
1 -- Local action on the terrestrial magnetic field --
After approximately half an hour, one
observes that the magnetic variation moves approximately 60 towards the
west of magnetic north whatever the applied tension with the
electrodes, above of the aforesaid threshold approximately 45 Kv, this
rotation of the magnetic variation stabilizing itself with the
aforementioned value dependent all the time on application of the
potential, whatever the
orientation of the frame compared to the ground. However,
if one directs the axis of the frame with
60 degrees west of magnetic north, it was noted that the other effects
quoted below occurred rapidly and with a more substantial intensity.
It was noted a variation of the magnetic slope, but the value of this
variation was not fixed.
2 -- Local Action on the gravitation -- With a potential of
approximately 45 Kv, it was noted that the
local gravitation passed to 0,9 times its
usual value to the same location, and that
this gravitation decreased further when one
increased the applied potential with the electrodes of the
apparatus.
3 -- Local action on the
index of
refraction of the air -- It increases slightly, and more
especially if the applied positive
potential is higher.
4 -- It was noted that in reactions of combustion producing
blast-furnace slag usually, there was
no
formation of ash after all the
period of operation of the apparatus, and same four days after the
suspension of the application of the elevated positive potential
by said
electrodes 19 and 22.
5 --
Reduction in the quantity of
fuel necessary in the majority of the reactions of combustion, to
obtain the same result.
It has been reported that with an high tension of approximately
45 Kv,
one used approximately 30% less coal
to obtain same thermal energy, this reduction being all the more
substantial as the applied positive potential with the form is higher.
In the case of motors with explosion using the
gasoline, it was noted a reduction in
consumption approximately 50% compared to a use, in the same
conditions, without the apparatus of the present invention.
6 --
Increase of the coefficient of
solubility of a salt in water, in particular of sodium chloride.
Experiments were carried out with dehydrated sodium chloride, while
varying the temperature of the water in which one dissolved salt by
increments of l0 C, from 10 C with 100 C, the
starting water being twice distilled at a pressure above normal
atmospheric pressure. It was noted that
one multiplied by 2,1 to
approximately 2,3 the coefficient of solubility of sodium chloride with
a positive potential of approximately 45 kv. [
Solar ponds ... ]
7 --
Increases the speed of growth of
the plants and their size. These increases are variable
according to plants but are appreciable. In certain cases,
the factor of increase is at least 2, up to
10.
8 -- Possibility of
removing
partially or completely a catalyst in a chemical reaction
requiring normally a catalyst.
According to another embodiment of according equipment the invention,
one associates a main polygonal geometric form, such as the geometric
form described above, with other geometric forms, preferably of single
geometric forms such as for example the additional
forms described above, and
preferably
one associates to them an
electric and/or electromagnetic and/or magnetic field, these forms
being the preference laid out inside a geometric volume which can for
example be made out of a molded insulating material around the
said
forms.
Without the application of one of the
aforementioned fields, one
obtains effects relatively not very exploitable, but the application of
the one at least of these fields allows one to increase the
intensity of
the effects obtained, especially when the applied field is higher.
1995-08-18
Classification:- international: B01D53/18; B01J10/00; B01J19/12;
B01J19/18; B01J19/24; C02F1/00; B01D53/18; B01J10/00; B01J19/12;
B01J19/18; B01J19/24; C02F1/00; (IPC1-7): B01J19/00; B01D53/14;
B01D53/78; B01J19/08; C02F1/00; C02F5/00; C03B27/012;- European:
B01D53/18; B01J10/00F; B01J19/12D; B01J19/18; B01J19/24D; C02F1/00M
Abstract -- A device is claimed
for activating a fluid circulating through a treatment unit between an
inlet tank and an outlet tank under the action of at least one
compressed gas supply. The treatment unit (2) includes fluid
circulation pipes (51, 52) in the form of a curve CN, where N = 2 or
more and CN is defined by the following recursive relation: C1 is a
left-handed cycloid in the ortho-normal reference frame; and for all
integers N greater than or equal to one, CN+1 is a left-handed cycloid
in the curved reference frame of CN. Also claimed is an activation
process using the above devices, where the fluid is circulated through
the treatment unit using compressed gas at a pressure of 1-8 bar. Also
claimed are: (1) use of the above device for desalinating and purifying
water; (2) use of the above device for treating fumes; (3) a process
for activating glass with a fluid activated as above, comprising
heating the glass to 850-1800 (pref. 900-1000 ) deg C and immersing it
in the fluid; and (4) a process for activating metals, ceramics, hard
plastics and terracotta with a fluid activated as above, comprising
immersing the material in the fluid and cooling it below -40 (pref.
-80) deg C for at least 1 hr.
Description --
The invention is in the technical field of the activation of fluid and
the solid ones. The activation indicates treatments making
it possible to modify certain physical and chemical properties the
fluid ones and the solid ones, these last said being then activated.
One knows by the FR-A-966735 a process and equipment allowing to exert
an influence on the modifications of state of the material, especially
by the action of suitably directed emissive apparatuses.
It is known that there are also phenomena of activation due to the
presence of forms, fixed or movable, and presenting a minimum of
symmetry in plane or in space.
Moreover, one knows by at-A-113 487, AT-A122 144 and AT-A-134 543 [
Schauberger ], of the water pipelines of else particular form, allowing
the regulation of torrents or river.
The object of the invention is to propose a device presenting
characteristics strongly
different from those of the apparatuses of the
former art, for an effective activation of fluid, as well as
purification of some of those, like water or smoke. It is a question of
not subjecting these fluid for a purpose of concentration and
elimination by density, but
with the
action of centripetal swirls due
to the very accurate forms which the different process modules
of the
according device present in the invention.
The invention has as an object a device for activation
of the fluid circulating one between a tank of inlet and a tank of
extended within an unit of treatment, under the effect of at least a
compressed gas, in which the unit of treatment includes
conduits of circulation of fluid appearing itself as a CN layer, with
NR entire great or equal with 2, CN being defined by the following
recurring relation
- C
1 is left cycloid in the referential orthonormal one,
- for any NR entire great or equal with 1, CN+1 is cycloid left in the
referential one curves bound with CN.
For left cycloid, it is advisable to use the curve followed by a point
pertaining to a ray of a circle, when this last rolls on straight and
turns around this same straight. The cycloid one said stringent when
the point belongs to the circle, is lengthened when the distance
between the point and the center of the circle is great with the ray,
shortened when this distance is low with the ray.
The inventor noted that, of surprising manner, if one compels fluid
under pressure from 1 to 8 bars
to circulate within the according
conduits with the invention, this fluid is activated, namely that its
physical and chemical properties are modified.
This activation persists and is stabilized, same when the fluid one
does not circulate any more, when
the
conduits are made out of
particular alloys. This is why it is beneficial to use as a
constituent
material of these conduits, an alloy between a base metal chosen among
copper, chromium, iron, cobalt and
nickel, with the heavier metals added in very small quantity in
weight. It is preferable to
consider base metal copper, and of the heavier metals constituting
alloy will be taken among those possessing an
atomic number Z ranging
between 38 and 45 or pertaining to the rare earths.
The activation is reinforced when the air supplies compressed are also
appeared as curves CN, since the compressed air being used to put the
fluid one to treat in movement, is itself activated.
A mode prefered of realization of the invention consists in using, for
the construction of the final curve CN, of elongated left cycloid.
The inventor moreover noted that the bound phenomenon of activation to
the shapes of the curve CN, present a variable effectiveness according
to the value of NR. Thus, the activation is maximum in the case of
conduits in the form of a C
3 curve, namely in the case of
cycloid left
lengthened final C3 being rolled up around cycloid left lengthened
intermediate C
2 itself rolled up around cycloid left
lengthened C
1
departure.
Various other characteristics and benefits of the invention arise from
the description made below in reference to the annexed drawings which
show, as nonrestrictive example, an embodiment of the object of the
invention.
-
Figure 1 is an overall
schematic sight of the device of according
activation to the invention.
-
Figure 2a illustrates the
construction of cycloid left lengthened
within the meaning of the invention.
-
Figure 2b is an increased
sight appearing the profile of the
conduits of circulation of fluid and air supply compressed, according
in the invention.
-
Figure 3 is a view of two
hemispheres for the invention.
As shown in the Figure 1, the device of activation of fluid, includes a
tank of inlet 1 of fluid to activate, an unit of treatment 2 as well as
a tank from extended 3 of fluid treatment.
It is to be noted that these three entities constituting of the
installation, rest on frames, respectively 41, 42 and 43, with an
increasingly low height progressively with the circulation of the fluid
one.
Thus, this last is facilitated by the action of gravity.
The whole of the device includes/understands two conduits 51 and 52 of
circulation of fluid inserted in the unit of treatment 2, like three
conduits 61, 62 and 63 of compressed gas arrival intended to ensure the
circulation of fluid along the installation and respectively laid out
in relation to the tank of inlet 1, the unit of treatment 2 and the
tank of exit 3.
The specific profile and the nature of these conduits 5, 6 are
substantial for the invention. As represented on the figure 2b, each
one of these conduits present in the shape of a C
3 curve
formed by
cycloid left lengthened final rolled up around elongated left cycloid
intermediate C
2 itself rolled up around cycloid C
1
departure.
For the construction of C
3, it is first of all a question of
considering cycloid C
1, such as illustrated in Figure
2a.
Within the sense of the invention, cycloid C1 in the
orthonormal reference mark (x, y, z) results from the movement of a
point A located on a diameter of circle EC but at a great distance from
the center to the ray, when this circle rolls on straight D (which
corresponds in the present case to the axis of the abscissae) in the
direction of the F
1 arrow and at the same time turns around
this
straight D following the F
2 arrow. On the Figure 2a, the
features
dotted lines are reproduced the parts of the curve which are invisible
if one considers opaque plane P
1, P
2 and P
3,
whereas the full features
correspond to visible parts of the curve, namely whose points present
at the same time a positive abscissa, ordinate and a dimension. It will
be noted that the period of cycloid is of 2K what corresponds then to
the A' point and that circle EC carries out a full rotation around
straight over a length of 2s radians. The points A
1, A
2
and A
3
represent the intersection of the curve with respectively planes P
1,
P
2
and P
3.
It is averred that the layout of C
2 involves a slight
modification of the
form of C
1 which is not thus celongated ompletely any more
left cycloid. I
1 is the same when one passes to the
development of C
3 or
C
2 and again C
1 are slightly deformed. There is
not thus a stringent
construction like that which one applique in the theory of the said
objects fractals but it is to some extent a generalization of the
concept of fractal object. One is presented with a new class of objects.
Nevertheless, about the curves C
1, C
2, C
3…
one will keep the
denominations of cycloid.
It is also possible to consider shortened left
cycloids, same as the periods of complete rotation of the
circle around the straight one which are different of 2 pi radians, for
example ranging between pi and 2 pi radians.
As the Figure 2b indicates it, the C
1 curve as built above,
is used
then as support with the curve C
2 which is cycloid left
lengthened in
the referential one curves bound in C
1, C
3 being
carried out in the
form of cycloid left lengthened in the referential one curves bound in
C
2. The parts of C3 located nearest of the observer are
represented in
thicker feature.
The conduits of circulation are appeared as such a C
3 curve
and allow a
responsive activation of fluid the through one. Indeed, each element of
fluid being at a given point P
3 of C
3, behaves as
if it were at the
same time in P
1, P
2 and P
3, P
1
and P
2 being far away from the
respective origins O
l and O
2 from C
1
and C
2 of an equal distance to that
separating O
3 from P
3, although the curves C
1
and C
2 do not exist
materially in the installation.
The conduits of circulation 5 present an hexagonal transverse section,
or type of a curve of the third degree presenting of the points of
inflection.
In order to stabilize the phenomenon of activation,
the conduits are
made out of bound copper with 2% in weight with for example of indium,
molybdenum, etc…
Conduits 6 of compressed gas arrival are also formed in a C3 curve.
However, if it is beneficial to carry them out this kind since one
active the compressed gas which itself active all the more the fluid
one, it is not a question of an absolute requirement.
Thus, these conduits of gas arrival can present a conventional profile,
such as helical serpentine or straight tube with circular section.
The tank of inlet 1 whose capacity is selected according to the
possibilities of the installation, is fed, via a valve of inlet 7, into
fluid to treat whose circulation is ensured by compressed gas coming of
the conduit 6
1 previously described.
The unit of treatment 2 is laid out immediately downstream from the
tank of inlet 1, and includes, in addition to two conduits 5 of
circulation previously described, an intermediate tank 8 laid out
between these two conduits 5. This tank is the seat of an additional
activation conferred by the presence of a system 10 of two hemispheres.
As shown in the figure 3, this system 10 includes two
thereafter half hemispheres 11 and 12, refer respectively inner and
outer.
These two half hemispheres are hollow, thus defining four surfaces
- S1 the outer surface of the outer hemisphere 11
- S2 the inner surface of the outer hemisphere 11
- S3 the outer surface of the inner hemisphere 12
- S4 the inner surface of the inner hemisphere 12.
Each surface Sn, for
n of 1
to 4, corresponds to surface truncated
with constant curve generated by the curve of parametric equation:
x = a
n ( t - th t )
y = a
n / cht ; a
n > 0
rotating around its
asymptote yy', for
n from 1
to 4 and a
4 < a
3 < a
2 < a
l
Abscissa
n will have for
example like maximum value 5a
n with 6a
n.
System 10 is adapted to enter in rotation around its asymptotic axis
yy', for example under the effect of a power unit 14.
Both half hemispheres 11 and 12 are subjugated by means of two
cross-pieces 13 sparing a passage making it possible fluid to circulate
between surfaces
S
2 and S
3 in the form of a centripetal helical
movement.
A throat 15 moreover is spared in spiral with the S
3 surface
level, so
that rotation can be generated by the fluid arriving one under pressure
without the assistance of the group 14. It is also possible to carry
out such a throat on S
2 surface, in the place of the throat
spared on S
3 or to complement of this last.
The thickness of the half hemispheres is selected so as to guarantee
a sufficient rigidity of the system according to the number of
revolutions to which this last east compels to turn.
The obstruction of cross-pieces 13 is as reduced as possible, in order
to domestic a passage between the two hemispheres which present of
maximum dimensions.
Another possibility consists in using only one half hollow hemisphere
on the inner surface of which a throat in spiral is laid out.
Like stated in Figure 1, a conduit 6 of compressed gas describes
previously emerges in the vicinity of the system of hemispheres, on
the side of the section of lower dimension of these last, in order to
drive back the fluid circulating one between surfaces S
2 and
S
3, like
inside hemisphere 12.
In the case of a single hemisphere, the compressed gas arrival is
carried out so as to drive back the fluid circulating one inside the
hemisphere.
Downstream from this last the tank 3 is laid out of extended of fluid
which is capable to be delivered under pressure via the gas 63 conduit
described previously. The fluid treaty is distributed by means of the
valve from extended 17.
A tap 16 located at extended of tank 8, makes it possible in closed
position to prolong the stay of fluid in the tank, and allows in open
position the passage of fluid in the second conduit of circulation 52.
The conformation of the device of activation according to the invention
is capable different modifications.
Thus, the specialist of the profession is capable to provide the unit
with treatment of conduits of circulation or additional systems of
hemispheres, or to add another gas arrival compressed to the level of
the tank of inlet. All these modifications contribute to improve the
effectiveness of the activation.
The operation of the described installation cidessus allows the
carrying in work of a process aiming at activating the fluid ones.
It is a question of making circulate the fluid one to treat within the
installation by means of compressed gas, under a pressure ranging
between 1 and 8 bars. A maximum activation is obtained when this
pressure is applied of sinusoidal manner or in square waves. It is
possible to make circulate fluid uninterrupted, by leaving tap 16 in
open position.
Another possibility consists in turning off this tap 16 as well as the
valve of inlet 7 and making circulate a quantity limited of fluid
within tank 8, and in particular between the two half hemispheres 11
and 12.
Then, it is a question of driving back this quantity of fluid per
opening of tap 16, and of renewing the fluid one to treat by opening
the valve of inlet 7.
It is to be noted that circulation between the two half hemispheres
11 and 12 can be ensured in the two directions, by modulating the
pressures to which the compressed gas in the respective conduits 61 and
62 is delivered.
A more labile activation of fluid to
treat can be conferred by the
action of electromagnetic rays.
Those are applied on different
portions of the unit of treatment within
which circulates fluid, pendent the one two hours minimum duration,
preferably three hours, and present a length of wave belonging to the
one of the following intervals: 3800 to 3860 A, 4400 to 4480 A, 5500 to
5600 A and 8000 to 8700 A.
The according device and the process with the invention are capable
numerous applying, in addition to the activation of fluid itself.
It is indeed possible to apply the invention to purification and in
particular, with the
desalination of
water.
For this purpose, it is preferably advisable to place, downstream from
the tank of inlet, a filter intended to eliminate the coarse impurities.
Moreover, this device allows an
effective
treatment of industrial
fumes showing a high rate of pollution.
In the two cases mentioned above, the fluid treaty, namely respectively
water and smoke, is at the same
time purified and activated.
The invention also finds its applying in the
activation of glasses. For
this making, one uses fluid, preferably oil or oil, activated by means
of the device and process described above, in which one carries out a
hardening of glass placed at a temperature of 850 C with 1800 C,
preferably 900 C with 1000 C.
The activation of glass appears as of hardening, and develops at the
time of the return to ordinary temperature.
After examination with the electron microscope with scanning, one notes
the presence, within glass, of microbubbles of which the diameter and
the distribution characterizes the process of hardening thanks to
activated material.
It is possible to obtain
effects of
ageing of products of alcohol wine contained in containers made
out of such activated glasses.
Glass bottles activated containing of alcohols such as cognac and
Armagnac, transmit the activation to liquid which lose in some weeks a
degree of alcohol; their color becomes amber, their ethyl taste
disappears as in the case of aged alcohol after several years.
These activated microbubble glasses
transmit their properties to the
forms and objects which can be associated for them. Thus,
microwave furnaces associated with such glasses activates the food
which they heat. One can also apply the invention with the
glazings of
greenhouses, of buildings, with the bezels with colorless and coloured
glasses, windshields of cars and to bottles intended for containment of
liquid food, or of the fragrances, or solutions of medical treatments.
The invention finds moreover its applying in the
activation of the
alloyed pure metals or, ceramic, the hard plastic materials and the
fired grounds. For this purpose, it is advisable to plunge material to
be treated in fluid activated as a preliminary, preferably of oil or
oil. Then, it is a question of treating the unit to
low-temperature, namely - 40 C and preferably with - 80 C, for at least
1 hour.
The increase at ordinary temperature by no means affects the activation
of treated materials. Moreover, these last is capable to propagate
their properties with their contents, in the through case of containers
for example, and also with the electromagnetic waves these containers
or reflecting on their surface.
The invention is not limited to the examples described and represented,
since various modifications can be brought there without leaving its
frame.
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