MagaBlog Zero
Old & New Sci-Tech News
( May 2013 )
This Month :
Piles o' Files, A-Z :
"A" is for ...
ANGUS, Neil : Electromagnetic Engine
Air Engine ( FROLOV, Vladimir )
ALBERTS, Vivian : Solar Panel
ALTEROVITZ, Gil : Gene Music
Atomic-Solar Battery
Atomic-Electric Motor ( TRUMP, John )
ATTEY : Wind Turbine
Aura Camera ( SHRAMEK, Chuck )
Ant Repellants
AXFORD, Michael : Electromagnetic Piston Motor
Feature Articles :
* Cannibalism for Survival & Profit : All-You-Can-Eat, & Sell / Trade the Excess !
* D-I-Y Homo-Jerky & Freeze-Dried Organs ( Adrenals for Diabetics ! Brains ! 'Nads ! )
* Cannibal Dinner Party Talking Points : Gender-Age-Racial-Religious-Political-Economic Issues
* Niche Markets for Humeat : Skin & Hair
* Breeding for Edibility : Trans-Generational Human Husbandry
* Recipes for 1-100 Guests or Victims
* Is Cannibalism a Human Right ?
* Autophagy for Dummies
"A" is for ...
ANGUS, Neil : ElectroMagnetic Engine
http://www.padrak.com/ine/db/devices.html#ANGUS
ANGUS ENGINE
Device Catagory: Electr. Mag/Mech
Device Type: Over-Unity
Inventor Name: Angus, Neil
Inventor Address: 228 Hendricks Way, Sebring, FL 33870
Date First Demo: circa 1980
USP 4,345,174
Electromagnetic engine
Electromagnetic engine
Abstract -- An electromagnetic engine and method capable of producing a high amount of mechanical power at a high efficiency. An electromagnet or piston operates within a cylinder having a stepped bore therein. The cylinder reciprocates while the piston only pivots. The power stroke occurs for a short duration midway between a top dead center position and a bottom dead center position. Axial magnetic forces are used to impart axial motion to the cylinder which causes rotation of the crankshaft. A plate is positioned within the cylinder up against the step. When the plate is in close proximity to the piston or electromagnet, and the centerline of the cylinder is at a right angle to the throw of the crankshaft, the electromagnet is energized. Sequential energization of each of a plurality of piston-cylinder combinations occurs during each crankshaft rotation.
Inventors: Angus; Neil H. (Sebring, FL)
Assignee: Angus Motor Corporation (Fort Lauderdale, FL)
Current U.S. Class: 310/24; 310/34; 310/35
Intern'l Class: H02K 041/00
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates in general to the field of magnetic energy-conversion devices, and in particular to apparatus for converting magnetic energy created by electricity into rotating mechanical energy.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The creation of magnetic energy by electricity is well known in the art. The most prevalent use of such energy is, of course, by electric motors. The direct use of such energy, however, is somewhat limited in industry to those applications where, for example, the magnetic attraction forces are used to lift objects or to separate magnetic particles from compounds containing both magnetic and nonmagnetic particles. A more prevalent direct use of magnetic energy is found wherever electrical solenoids are used. Such usage comprises making and breaking electrical contacts, opening and closing valves, and hot-melt glue guns or other such applications where a predetermined amount of a product is dispensed upon demand or at specific time intervals. More recently, the field created by magnetic energy has been used in particle acceleration devices such as cyclotrons and syncrotrons where electrons have been accelerated to within 99.999995% of the speed of light.
The fascination associated with the potential uses of magnetic energy has led to a number of devices other than the above whereby electrical energy is converted into magnetic energy which is then converted into mechanical rotational motion. These devices are generally known as electromagnetic engines. They differ from the common electric motor in that they contain one or more pistons attached to a crankshaft which provides the mechanical output. U.S. Pat. No. 1,018,309, issued in 1912, by H. J. Ford, is one such device. This invention discloses a plurality of solenoids coupled to crank portions of a crankshaft. The solenoids include a steel plate located at one end thereof to enhance the magnetic forces and which magnetically actuate the plunger-core of the solenoid. Each solenoid is sequentially energized to impart rotational motion to the crankshaft. U.S. Pat. No. 1,436,245, issued in 1922, is another such device comprising an improvement on the original above-described electromagnetic engine. Again, solenoid windings surround a cylinder within which a plunger-core reciprocates. Electrical contacts are placed in the upper portion of the cylinders which make and break electrical power to the solenoid when the plunger-core reaches its uppermost position.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,886,040, issued in 1932, is yet another improved version of the basic electromagnetic motor, the improvement comprising adjustable means to alter the time interval during which the solenoids are energized in order to increase or decrease the speed of the engine.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,639,544, issued in 1953, is a toy engine kit which uses a solenoid electromagnetic motor to simulate the operation of an internal combustion engine for educational purposes. The typical electromagnetic motor is disclosed in this teaching. In one arrangement of an imitated engine, the inventor discloses a radial electromagnetic engine having up to 12 cylinders. The radial version again utilizes solenoid windings around a cylinder having a plunger-core slidingly actuated therein.
The continuing quest to attain an electromagnetic engine having a high efficiency and the ability to produce a substantial output resulted in the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 3,328,656, which was issued in 1967. The inventor again began with the now standard plunger-core solenoid engine having windings around the cylinder wall. In this art, however, the inventor discloses the use of a high-quality factor coil assembly to achieve a sizeable mechanical output. U.S. Pat. No. 3,676,719, issued in 1972, is still another attempt to achieve a high output from an electromagnetic engine of the same type previously described. Here, the connecting rod of a plunger-core is eccentrically connected to a driving gear which meshes with a driven gear carried by a drive shaft to gain a mechanical advantage and cause rotation of the drive shaft.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,019,103, issued in 1977, discloses yet another electromagnetic engine. In this teaching, a pair of solenoids each containing three separate but connected windings are wound on a cylinder. A piston-plunger reciprocates within the cylinder and is connected to a crankshaft. A commutator connected to the crankshaft selectively energizes the solenoids. The primary object of the arrangement is to recapture a portion of the electrical energy supplied to operate the motor in order to increase the efficiency of the motor.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,093,880, the inventor discloses yet another attempt to increase the efficiency of an electromagnetic motor. This is accomplished by a plurality of solenoid coil cylinders each having a plunger-core positioned therein, with the cylinders arranged in a single plane. At least one of the solenoid structures is provided with an air compressor to provide a combination device capable of producing a mechanical output in conjunction with high pressure air.
In accordance with the attempts disclosed by the prior art, there is an obvious need to effectively increase the power output and the efficiency of electromagnetic motors before they can in fact be considered to be competitive with other engines and motors such as electric motors and internal combustion engines. And, based on the noncommercial use of the disclosed engines, the need for an electromagnetic engine having a high efficiency coupled with a high power output still exists today. Indeed, in this age of shrinking energy sources, the need for conservation of energy assumes an even more important place in our society.
Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic engine which is capable of producing a high mechanical output.
Another primary object of the present invention is to provide an engine powered by electromagnets in a manner whereby electrical power is efficiently converted into mechanical power.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic engine having one or more electromagnets, each of which operates over short distances in order to utilize the maximum available magnetic forces.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic engine having one or more electromagnets which when activated exert substantially axial magnetic forces.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The problems of the prior art are overcome by the present invention which provides an electromagnetic reciprocating type of engine having a number of new and unique features not previously known or used. In the illustrated embodiment, thirty-six piston-cylinders radially arranged are connected to a crankshaft. Each cylinder having a connecting rod integrally connected thereto is pivotally attached to the crankshaft. The cylinder is provided with a stepped internal cylindrical opening which is closed at the connecting rod end and open at the other end. A soft iron plate is positioned within the cylinder up against the step therewithin, the plate is spring loaded so as to maintain its position against the step. An electromagnet is fitted within the open end of the cylinder and is pivotally attached to a supporting structure surrounding the cylinders. In operation, each electromagnet is progressively activated for ten degrees of crankshaft rotation. Activation occurs when the free end of the electromagnet is in close proximity to the iron plate and when the connecting rod is at a right angle to the eccentric arm of the crankshaft. A unique override arrangement allows the cylinder to reciprocate while the piston remains stationary.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features, objects, and advantages will be evident from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partially away, of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line 2--2, illustrating the details and the method of operation of the electromagnet pistons within cylinders attached to a crankshaft;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a piston of FIG. 2 illustrating additional details thereof;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic circuit arrangement for the motor of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a piston-cylinder arrangement of the inventive electromagnetic engine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawings, there is depicted therein a thirty-six cylinder engine having a radial configuration. There are twelve banks of cylinders, three cylinders per bank. Each bank of cylinders is staggered or offset by ten degrees relative to the next bank of cylinders. Other engine configurations, such as one having four banks of nine cylinders each is equally suitable. The engine 10 is an electromagnetic engine in that it utilizes electrical energy to produce magnetic forces which forces are then uniquely converted into a mechanical output.
Engine 10 as depicted utilizes a support structure the design of which is not critical to the operation of the invention. A substantially cylindrical shell 11 having end plates 12 and 13 comprises such a support structure. Other shapes and designs of structures well known in the art may be alternatively used without departing from the intent and objectives of the present invention. For convenience, end plates 12 and 13 may be bolted to shell 11 at the adjoining flanges thereof. A journaled crankshaft 14 is supported within shell 11 at end plates 12 and 13 and extends therethrough. Collars 15 and 16 axially retain crankshaft 14 at end plates 12 and 13. A flywheel 17 is attached to crankshaft 14 and is retained thereon in suitable fashion. Brackets or supports 18 may be welded to shell 11 so that the engine 10 can be mounted on a base or to a vehicle frame.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, three electromagnet piston-cylinders 20, 20', and 20" are shown attached to crankshaft 14. Piston-cylinder 20 includes an articulated or master connecting rod 21, the circular portion 19 of which is pivotally connected to the throw 34 of crankshaft 14. Connecting rods 21' and 21" are pivotally connected to circular portion 19 of master connecting rod 21. Brackets 22 attached to shell 11 provide for pivotally attaching the pistons 27 to the engine support structure.
The details of piston-cylinders 20, 20', and 20" are more clearly shown in FIG. 2. Piston-cylinder 20 is at a position representing the beginning of a power stroke; piston-cylinder 20' is at a substantially top dead center position; while, piston-cylinder 20" is slightly before a bottom dead center position. Each piston-cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder 23, a piston or electromagnet 24, a circular plate 25, and a spring 26. Cylinder 23 consists of a cylindrical body portion 27 and a bottom portion 28 which are bolted together. Air vent holes 29 and 30 are provided in bottom portion 28 and in body portion 27, respectively. A stepped concentric opening is bored in cylinder 23. Bore diameter 31 is slightly smaller than bore diameter 32, the junction of which results in a step or ledge 33. The length of bores 31 and 32 are consistent with the length of electromagnet 24 and the stroke of the engine 10 as determined by the rotational diameter of throw 34 and master rod 21. Bore 31 is always in contact with some portion of the outer diameter of piston 24 throughout the engine stroke.
A low friction sliding fit exists between piston 24 and bore 31 of cylinder 23. Circular plate 25 is made from close-grained soft white iron or other like material which does not retain magnetism. A low friction sliding fit also exists between plate 25 and bore 32. The normal position of plate 25 is up against step 33 and is maintained in this position by spring 26. Spring 26 is a relatively light coil spring which needs only to exert sufficient force to lift the weight of plate 25.
A typical electromagnet or piston 24 is shown in cross section in FIG. 3. Piston 24 is provided with an arm 40 extending axially from casing 41 to support bracket 22. An appropriate pin 42 is used to pivotally connect arm 40 to bracket 22. Casing 41 has an annular groove 43 provided therein and within which groove 43 suitable electrical windings 44 are provided. An opening 45 in the top end of casing 41 allows for ingress and egress of electrical conductors 46 and 47 which are connected to each end of electrical windings 44 for the purpose of supplying electrical power to windings 44. FIG. 3 also depicts one way to attach arm 40 to casing 41. The method shown is a simple shouldered threaded connection 48. Other suitable methods of connection well known in the art may be alternatively used. Casing 41, like plate 25, is made from close-grained soft white iron or other like material which does not retain magnetism.
Conductor 47 of windings 44 of electromagnet 24 is connected by a screw 50 to shell 11 which provides a common ground for the windings 44 of all thirty-six electromagnets 24 in the engine 10. The other conductor 46 of winding 44 of electromagnet 24 is routed through an opening 51 in shell 11 to a distributor 52 which is schematically depicted in FIG. 4. Distributor 52 is connected to a battery 53 or other like power source which is adapted to provide a flow of current at the proper voltage through windings 44.sub.1 -44.sub.36 to cause sequential operation of the electromagnets 24.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, a circular plate 54 is shown connected to shell 11 at each piston-cylinder 20 location. Plate 54 allows for access to the piston-cylinders 20 and the associated components for purposes of assembly and maintenance.
The operation of the inventive engine 10 will now be described. It is first to be noted that the pull of an electromagnet varies as a function of the area of the holding surface multiplied by the square of the flux density divided by a constant. Also, that the flux density increases as the distance to the holding surface decreases. Hence, changes in the flux density is the greatest contributor to the pulling force of an electromagnet. Experiments conducted by the inventor have shown that an electromagnet powered by two "D" cell batteries can produce a holding force of 500 pounds and that the magnetic attraction force varies with the distance between the surface of the electromagnet and the item to be lifted. It was found, that at a distance of one-eighth of an inch, the force is approximately 7.8 pounds; at a distance of approximately one-twelfth of an inch the force is 31 pounds; at a distance of approximately one/twenty-fourth of an inch the force is 125 pounds; and, as stated, at contact, the force is 500 pounds. Thus, a usable force begins when the distance is one-eighth of an inch and increases rapidly thereafter.
The inventive apparatus illustrated and described herein utilizes a piston stroke of one-eighth of an inch--corresponding to a crankshaft rotation of ten degrees. Hence, each of the thirty-six piston-cylinders 20 fires or produces a power stroke during each rotation of crankshaft 14. FIG. 2 shows the piston-cylinder 20 at a position where electromagnet 24 is spaced approximately one-eighth of an inch away from plate 25 with the latter being firmly held against ledge 33 by spring 26. When the angle between the centerline of throw 34 and the centerline of rod 21 is approximately 85.degree., electromagnet 24 is energized. At this point in the sequence of operation, no other electromagnet is energized. Hence, the pull by electromagnet 24 is substantially normal to the centerline of piston-cylinder 20. Furthermore, the pulling force is at a substantially right angle to the throw 34 of crankshaft 14. In this manner, maximum torque is being exerted upon crankshaft 14. Electromagnet 24 pulls plate 25 up towards the face 60 of electromagnet 24. In so doing, cylinder 23 and connecting rod 21 are also pulled upwards which in turn rotates crankshaft 14. The pulling force continues for a crankshaft angle of ten degrees at which time the face 60 of electromagnet 24 is in contact with the face of plate 25. Distributor 52 then cuts off the electricity to electromagnet 24 and energizes the next electromagnet-cylinder combination which is substantially at a right angle to its crankshaft throw arm. The procedure repeats itself for each of the thirty-six electromagnet-cylinder combinations for each crankshaft rotation.
A unique aspect of the present invention is the override feature of the piston-cylinders 20. This is accomplished by allowing electromagnet 24 to pivot but otherwise be restrained. The cylinder 23 moves up and down relative to a pivoting but otherwise stationary piston (electromagnet 24). This may be seen by referring to FIG. 2. As previously stated, the position of piston-cylinder 20 is at the initiation of the power stroke. The faces of plate 25 and electromagnet 24 are separated by approximately one-eighth of an inch which corresponds to the beginning of the high end of the attractive force produced by electromagnet 24. At the end of ten degrees of crankshaft rotation (clockwise), the faces of plate 25 and electromagnet 24 are in contact with each other. Continued crankshaft rotation for approximately 90.degree. causes cylinder 23 and electromagnet 24 to move axially inward relative to each other (actually only cylinder 23 moves axially, electromagnet 24 pivots on bracket 22). Even though no electric power is being supplied to the electromagnet 24, circular plate 25 is still in contact with electromagnet 24 and begins to move downward relative to cylinder 23 toward bottom portion 28. Spring 26 is compressed to a maximum at this point. This is partially shown by referring to piston-cylinder 20" in FIG. 2. After approximately 270.degree. of crankshaft rotation, piston-cylinder 20 will achieve a top dead center position. That is, when piston 24 and cylinder 23 are fully extended away from each other. This may be approximately visualized by referring to the position of piston-cylinder 20' in FIG. 2. After another 90.degree. of crankshaft rotation, piston-cylinder 20 is again at the beginning of another power stroke. It is again to be noted that during the above-described 360.degree. of rotation of crankshaft 14, each of the thirty-six piston-cylinders will have undergone a power stroke corresponding to 10.degree. of crankshaft rotation. In this manner, an electromagnetic engine producing an amount of power never before achieved results.
FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative to the use of spring 26. In this embodiment, a latch 65 is used to hold plate 25 up against ledge 33 of cylinder 23. Piston 23 is slightly magnetic while plate 25 is a weak permanent magnet or, vice versa, in this embodiment. Latch 65 is pivotally connected to a boss 66 attached to cylinder 23. Spring 67 maintains the position of latch 65 as it is shown in FIG. 5, with plate 25 being retained against ledge 33 by plate retainer portion 70. A cutout 68 in the wall of cylinder 23 provides room for the pivoting action of latch 65. When the piston or electromagnet 24 moves downward relative to cylinder 23, the lower edge of piston 24 contacts the trip portion 69 of latch 65 causing the same to be pivoted away from cylinder 23 thereby releasing plate 25 and allows the initiation of a power stroke. The magnetic properties of plate 25 and piston 24 cause the plate 25 to remain attached to piston 24 after the completion of the power stroke. Plate 25 is still so attached until 180.degree. of crankshaft rotation is achieved, at which point plate 25 contacts ledge 33 causing separation of plate 25 from piston 24. When piston 24 clears trip portion 69, the plate retainer portion 70 rotates back under plate 25 again retaining the same up against ledge 33. As an alternative, to retain plate 25 against piston 24, plate 25 is made from a magnetic material and electromagnet 24 is energized by a low voltage during the override portion of the stroke.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the spring 26 of FIG. 2 and the latch 65 of FIG. 5 may be both dispensed with. In this embodiment either plate 25 or ledge 33 comprise a permanent magnet with the other being made from a magnetic material. Face 60 of piston 24 must also be either magnetized or made from a magnetic material. In this manner plate 25 will either be retained against ledge 33 or attached to face 60 of piston 24 depending upon the relative positions of plate 25, cylinder 23 and piston 24.
Air Engine ( FROLOV, Vladimir )
http://english.pravda.ru/science/19/94/379/12165_engine.html
Ukrainian inventor created engine
using air as fuel
Inventor from the town of Nikolaev, Ukraine Vitaly Frolov developed the engine using air as fuel.
The inventor says this engine can ruin some powerful corporations. For 15 years the inventor offered to manufacturers this engine based on compressed air. But the Scientific Council of the USSR rejected the project because manufacturing this engine could result in closure of
dozens of research institutes working on power-saving technologies.
The machine by Ferdinand Porsche became prototype for this engine, but the inventor used compressed air instead of fuel. Under the air pressure engine pistons move and start the machine, ICTV reports.
According to Vladimir Frolov, there will be no need of transmission for the vehicle or reversing gear, the vehicle will have only two rods - forward and backwards. Exhausts in such a vehicle are more environment-friendly.
The engine by Vitaly Frolov was granted the award by Soviet Exhibition of National Economy Achievements, in 1986 the inventor received 600 roubles of Gorbachev"s ward for winning the contest for designing environment friendly vehicle. The new engine was going to be used in Antonov planes, and 300 engines for experimental planes were produced. However, Soviet leaders rejected this engine.
Ukrainian industrialists are expressing interest to Frolov"s engine. Vladimir Timoshenko, the engineer of Yuzhmash branch said, "There are no analogies to the engine in the world, and these machines have the highest efficiency - they consume less electric power, are compact in size and have little weight. One can receive maximum profit with minimum expenses".
ALBERTS, Vivian : Solar Panel
EcoWorld.org
September 05, 2006
South African Photovoltaics
In the September 4th edition of South Africa’s Mining Weekly, in a report entitled “SA mulls cost and benefits of mega solar project,” South Africa’s Eskom power utility is about to build a 100 MW solar thermal electric generating plant, using the “power tower” design (see our post “Solar Thermal Power” which describes design options).
In the report, Eskom’s resources and strategy division renewable-energy corporate specialist Dr Louis van Heerden explained that “central-receiver technology … concentrates the sun’s energy through multiple large mirrors, using the concentrated thermal energy to produce steam to drive a conventional steam turbine for electricity generation.
The energy concentration is achieved by a field of large sun-tracking mirrors (called heliostats), which reflect the sunlight to a receiver, mounted on a central tower in the middle of the mirror field.
A heat-transfer medium (molten salt) is pumped through the receiver, absorbing the highly-concentrated radiation reflected by the heliostats. The heated fluid is then circulated through a heat exchanger, where the thermal energy is used to generate steam and power a turbine.”
South African solar doesn’t end there. Back on February 11th in “Photovoltaics are the Wild Card” we referenced a report from South Africa on breakthrough photovoltaics. In this earlier story ”SA solar research eclipses rest of the world” by Willem Steenkamp, they report “In a scientific breakthrough that has stunned the world, a team of South African scientists, led by Professor Vivian Alberts, has developed a revolutionary new, highly efficient solar power technology” and “The South African solar panels consist of a thin layer of a unique metal alloy that converts light into energy.”
The photo-responsive alloy can operate on virtually all flexible surfaces. The new panels are approximately five microns thick (a human hair is 20 microns thick) while the older silicon panels are 350 microns thick. Alberts claims the cost of the South African technology is a fraction of the cost for less effective silicon solar panels.”
This claim is corroborated in today’s story in the South Africa Mining Weekly, where alongside the report about Eskom’s solar thermal project there is this: “The University of Johannesburg’s Professor Vivian Alberts, from the department of physics, has developed solar panels that may just take this technology further into the main-stream, owing to the cost reductions he has achieved.
Alberts’ invention is five micro-metres thick, combining several semiconductor materials which are as effective, if not more so, than silicon. As it uses no silicon, costs are dramatically lower. It makes use of normal window glass as a substrate, with molybdenum applied as back contact, followed by the core component, being a compound semiconductor comprising five elements - copper, indium, gallium, selenium and sulphide, replacing the silicon - with cadmium sulphide as a buffer layer, followed by an intrinsic zinc oxide layer and, finally, a conductive zinc-oxide layer. The most expensive part of the panel is the glass,” said Alberts.
The pilot plant has shown the production cost per watt to be less than one South African Rand (which is about US $0.15), verified for a 25-MW production facility, assuming a 10% efficiency and average production yield of 85%,” Alberts claimed in the Mining Weekly Report. Alberts went on to say he predicted retail costs for this locally manufactured photovoltaic panel would be one-fifth the current cost of imported panels.
These are very huge claims. So who will be first to market with volumes of inexpensive photovoltaics? A South African consortium, or Silicon Valley’s own Nanosolar, or someone else? Like electric cars, the technology of photovoltaic panels is advancing rapidly. They are both transformative technologies and they are becoming increasingly economically viable.
ALTEROVITZ, Gil : Gene Music
See also : STERNHEIMER, Joel : Protein Music
Technology Review ( MIT )
July 18, 2008
A Musical Score for Disease
Converting genetic activity into music may be a way to monitor health.
by
Jennifer Chu
Converting genetic activity into music may be a way to monitor health.
by
Jennifer Chu
When set to music, colon cancer sounds kind of eerie. That's the finding of Gil Alterovitz, a research fellow at Harvard Medical School who is developing a computer program that translates protein and gene expression into music. In his acoustic translation, harmony represents good health, and discord indicates disease.
At any given time in each of our cells, thousands of genes are churning out their molecular products while thousands more lie senescent. The profile of which genes are on versus off is constantly changing--with specific diseases such as cancer, for example.
Searching for a more simplified way to represent the complex library of information inherent in gene expression, Alterovitz decided to represent those changes with music. He hopes that doctors will one day be able to use his music to detect health-related changes in gene expression early via a musical slip into discord, potentially improving a patient's outcome.
The first step in the gene-to-sound conversion was to pare down multiple measurements to a few fundamental signals, each of which could be represented by a different note. Together, the notes would form a harmonic chord in normal, healthy states and become increasingly out of tune as key physiological signs go awry, signaling disease.
Alterovitz employed mathematical modeling to determine relationships between physiological signals. Much like the various systems in an automobile, many physiological signs work in synchrony to keep a body healthy. "These signals [are] not isolated parts," says Alterovitz. "Like in a car, one gear is working with other gears to control, for example, power steering. Similarly, there are lots of correlations between physiological variables. If heart rate is higher, other variables will move together in response, and you can simplify that redundancy and information."
Using data collected from a study of protein expression in colon cancer, Alterovitz analyzed more than three thousand related proteins involved in the disease. He whittled down the thousands of proteins to four key networks, using various genetic databases that catalog relationships between genes and proteins. He then assigned a note to each network, and together, these notes formed a harmonic chord. He compared the "music" of normal, healthy human data sets to that of the colon-cancer samples and found that, according to his model, colon cancer sounded "inharmonious."
Researchers may be able to translate other diseases into music by "tuning" the system that Alterovitz has developed. For example, researchers can identify protein networks related to the disorder of interest and then assign notes that, in combination, form inharmonious chords, compared with their healthy counterparts.
He adds that the technique may have applications outside medicine, such as for simplifying information for air-traffic controllers, and in any other industry that requires analysis of large data sets. There is also an opportunity to use protein music purely for music's sake: a DJ in the Boston area has expressed interest in playing Alterovitz's "music" in local bars--a potential revenue stream for musician and mathematician alike.
Atomic-Solar Battery
amasci.com
02/08/97
Strange Battery
The following information was provided anonymously in the desire to offer ideas for off-grid power production.
An engineer claims to have built a nuclear battery using two solar cells and one business card cut to fit the diameter of the solar cells.
An old watch with glow-in-the-dark numerals (from radioactive paint - radium chloride) was bought at a garage sale. The paint was scraped off and dissolved into a fluid to make a small amount of liquid paint.
The cut business card was coated with the radium chloride several times and allowed to dry.
This 'doped' business card was sandwiched between the two solar cells with the photo sensitive side facing towards the card and the whole thing placed inside a lead box (for protection from radioactivity) with the solar cell wires sticking out.
He reports that a 25 Watt bulb from the taillight of an automobile was lit to full brilliance for 1.5 years.
Note : Tesla wrote that he believed light, particularly from the sun, included highly charged particles, which could be captured, leaving the energy to be accumulated and used for practical purposes.
Atomic-Electric Motor ( TRUMP, John )
amasci.com
7/7/04
Atomic Electricity- Updated
DC electrostatic motors, with a measured efficiency of over 99%, were built at MIT by Professor John Trump.,and described in the Jan. 1947 meeting of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.
Dr.Trump was the main gov't official, that went over Tesla's secret papers , after his death in 1943.
At the time, the well known electrical engineer, was serving as a technical aide to the Nat'l Defense Research Committee of the Office of Scientific Research & Development.
He was askd to participate in the examination of Tesla's papers at the Manhattan Warehouse & Storage Co.
Dr. Trump reported afterwards, that no examination had been made of the vast amount of Tesla's property, that had been in the basement of the New Yorker Hotel, ten years prior to Tesla's death, or of any of his papers, except those in his immediate posession at the time of his death.
Dr. Trump concluded in his report, that there was nothing that would constitute a hazard in unfriendly hands.
Dr. John G. Trump, evidently used Tesla's ideas and incorporated them into his motors, after WW11, as Tesla's knowledge of radioactivity and his views were well known since the days of radium, and Madam Curie
The motors resemble the variable capacitors used in tuning a radio set, except the rotors can spin around continuously, instead of intermeshing with a stationary plate, to tune in a station. In the simplest version, a radioactive isotope coated plate emits beta rays (electrons) in a vacuum, between two ordinary plates of metal on a shaft.
The electrons fly out at high speeds and strike the surrounding metal plates, thus endowing them with a negative charge.
The charge builds up until the uncoated plates reach a voltage corresponding to the kinetic energy of the electrons. If the electrons are ejected from the isotope with a speed corresponding to a million volts, they would be able to fly to the opposite plate in the face of a field of a million volts.
In the simplest fashion an electric load is connected to the coated and uncoated plates to run some kind of DC motor.
(Visualize the Tesla Turbine, as an analogy, invented in the early 1900's as an analogy, modernized )
The atomic electricity motors are built into a vacuum enclosed container, and operate at extremely high voltages. There are no magnetic fields, and no heavy currents that cause the ordinary kind of loses encountered in electric motors of conventional design.
This is a DC, brushless motor.
One motor of this kind can be driven by a beta-ray generator, and the whole apparatus can be enclosed into one vacuum cannister and run from a radioactive isotope that would be immediately converted into mechanical energy.
This mechanical system can be used to drive machinery, or operate a type of electrical generator more suitable to present systems of power distribution
This means that the direct conversion of nuclear power into electronic power, using the electrons from the nucleus, rather than those of from it's outer orbits, which has been the immediate source of all our electric power up to the present time.
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ATTEY, Gerome : Rooftop Wind Turbine
http://abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/06/27/1963676.htm?section=business
Jun 27, 2007
New invention to generate household electricity
WA designed household wind turbine
Graeme Attey of Fremantle designed the concept which uses a modular wind turbine that is small enough to sit on a the roof of house.
Mr Attey says his modular wind turbine is about a metre in length and half a metre in height, and creates power using blades which are rotated by the wind.
He says the system can also be used in conjunction with solar panels.
"Between solar and wind it's very easy actually to drive a whole house."
Mr Attey believes a home could generate extra power to then feed back to the electricity grid.
The West Australian Government is helping Mr Attey fund his trials and says it will consider offering householders a rebate to install the system when it's released onto the market some time next year.
Aura Camera ( SHRAMEK, Chuck )
KeelyNet.com
July 4, 1992
AURAVIEW.ASC
AURA CAMERA
A New Technique for Viewing the Aura
A New Technique for Viewing the Aura
Back in the mid 70's, I was asked to design equipment to be used in locating the Lost Hall of Records associated with the Giza Complex of the Great Pyramids.
An amateur archeologist in Omaha where I lived at the time had translated some ancient Eqyptian documents. One of the documents told of how the Hall would be found in the future. It said the records, which detailed many of the ]lost secrets of the hows and why's of pyramid construction, would be found by a type of energy they radiated.
From my experience with the research of Wilhelm Reich, I instantly recognized the type of energy radiation described in those ancient texts. It was a perfect description of Orgone Energy, the life force or Bio-Energy surrounding all living things.
Only this was a more concentrated form of the energy. It even described aspects of Orgone that had not been previously described. For example, it described light as waves upon the water, but this energy was like water currents BENEATH the surface.
It even went on to say how this energy was CONCENTRATED in DISK-SHAPED fields around planets and accounted for the rings around planets (and this was thousands of years before the discovery of planetary rings!)
Anyway, I successfully constructed a number of devices to detect the orgone. Unlike Reich, I had the advantage of being able to work with more advanced technologies, like Field Effect Transistors (FET's) instead of vacuum tubes.
After several months, my job was done. I had created several small detectors capable of detecting orgone or life energy at a distance of 10 meters. From the description of the Hall of Records energies, the energies put out by the Hall would be MUCH STRONGER and easier to detect. Unfortunately, the group intending to go to Egypt did not get the financing needed for their trip.
The weird thing is that no one seemed to care about the life energy detection devices I had made. They became a toy to amuse myself and my friends and not much more, until a few years ago.
Again a technological breakthrough enabled me to use the techniques I had already used to take the process one step further.
Thanks to computer imaging processes, new types of CCD's (charge coupled detectors that can image different types of electromagnetic fields), and high frequency, high voltage induction devices (nothing new - they were pioneered nearly a century ago by Tesla), I was able to get STUNNING images of the AURA.
At first, the images were quite crude, but in time they got better. Now I can image the aura and the CHAKRA'S (spinning vortices of energy located from the tip of the spine to the top of the head, they are 7 in number and control different types of energy within the body). These Chakra's show up in FULL COLOR with exposures of less than 15 seconds.
I have also imaged other odd things including what one might call ghosts, and points and spheres of light that so far I have not figured out.
I am sharing some of these images here on CompuServe, perhaps someone knows where the project should be taken from this point.
In one of the images, the woman is trying to astral project, you'll notice her aura shifted from it's normal position around her body and afterwards she described being outside herself - but not very far.
What should I do now? I am currently successfully working on another aspect of this work to enhance the aura. I have included a before and after picture of my friend Leon before and after this enhancement process.
Leon is a Reiki Master and told of a tremendous increase in his healing powers for several days after the enhancement.
Please feel free to write me.
CHUCK SHRAMEK,
HOUSTON, TEXAS
71227.201@compuserve.com
Vangard Notes....
On Wednesday, July 1st, I had the distinct pleasure of speaking with Chuck Shramek. Chuck works as a newscaster for a Houston radio station and is an active Ham and shortwave radio operator. He has been experimenting with electronics for over 20 years and has 5 computers, several radio systems, scopes and numerous other lab equipment.
Chuck tells me that he began experimenting with Orgone Detectors about 20 years ago while studying the research notes of Wilhelm Reich. Reich was thrown in prison for what many believe to be a conspiracy promoted by the AMA as punishment for his successful "cures" of cancer and other diseases using his Orgone Box. It it is odd that our government would take further steps which included the BURNING OF REICH'S BOOKS to prevent dissemination of his research work. This took place in the 1950's, what should have been an enlightened time.
At any rate, Chuck got the idea of building a two dimensional scanning system which involved the movement of a single Orgone detector in an X,Y grid. At each point, the intensity of the field was recorded which yielded a tediously derived image of the Aura of the body. Chuck said that process took at least an hour with the subject lying prone and still on a table. The images so derived were of very low resolution.
We discussed the technique and the multiple applications to which this infant technology could be applied. In the process, I offered my ideas on JUST HOW the images were produced since we understood it to have been through the use of a video camera.
Those ideas included his mention of an enhancement process which stimulated the body. From that, I had assumed from Reich's work that the subject sat inside an orgone box which charged his system with a high concentration of orgone energy. The subject then stood on an electrical plate which allowed the orgone to so modulate the corona as to generate the aura image.
Chuck says close but not exactly correct. The process in fact USES NO ORGONE detectors. Instead, the subject stands on a metal plate that is driven from a Tesla coil.
This coil is fed with a "swept" range of low level microwave frequencies that in turn stimulate the body field. The image is picked up using a special CCD that is sensitive and tuneable to a wide range of frequencies ranging from microwaves to low IR.
Chuck further specified that the images that you see with BOTH the visible picture of the subject AND the field are NOT TRUE IMAGES!
This is because the CCD that picks up and translates the microwave stimulated fields will NOT PICK up the VISIBLE IMAGE ofthe subject. So what you actually see is the image of the Aura without a body and the Charkras suspended in space.
To make the true image, the subject is simultaneously videotaped with a standard video camera. That visible image is then super-imposed on top of the actual aura field to yield the composite images that we see.
Chuck says these images are very low resolution (320 X 200) and that he has since expanded to VGA standards.
Currently, Chuck is trying to figure out what the glowing spheres are that periodically appear in the exposures. Note the exposures take about 15 seconds each, so there is great room for improvement towards a movie type system.
Also in regard to Reich, in his papers regarding work with BIONS, Reich reports that they emit some kind of UV radiation that resulted in burning of the eyes and in fact would tan tissue that was exposed to the BION emanations. This is quite possibly due to a very high concentration of Orgone energy which leads one to the conclusion that a human body could be so charged that it would emit a high degree of such UV radiation and so be detectable by solid state imaging techniques.
Yet another related detector is the Sergeyev life field detector as mentioned in the book, Psychic Discoveries Behind the Iron Curtain. These detectors could sense the presence of living tissues (human) for a distance of up to 100 feet and through walls. A physicist friend of ours from Washington says that several years ago, the Nielsen company (does TV ratings) made a public announcement of a new method of getting the overall response of a crowd to a new TV show.
This friend said that a detector (or array of such) was placed in another room and directed to monitor the audience response to a new show or program. It was far superior to the old rating system that required a checksheet, because it directly monitored the emotional state of the crowd in a composite fashion.
We also know of many people who believe that a reliable and reproducible method of detecting the aura would lead to advanced medical diagnostic techniques. Since it is believed that the body is controlled and fed by an energy meridian system, then there would be areas of greater or lesser energy that would result in an imbalance. Such an imbalance would alter the function of the organ under its influence, leading to illness or dysfunction. Such a system would allow instant targeting of such an area and show in a direct way, what effect acupuncture or such energy flow modification techniques produce.
Ron even suggested the imaging of someone at the point of death to try to capture whatever leaves the body. This would really shake up religions worldwide and open many doors into research into communicating with discarnate entities. And of course, one could capture images of paranormal events that currently are quite difficult if not impossible to achieve.
Of course, much more verification of this work needs to be done.
Ant Repellants
Lifehacker.com
8 August 2006
Get rid of ants with baby powder
Got ants? Blogger Jake Ludington gets rid of his with baby powder.
All you need to do is figure out where the little buggers are coming in at, and sprinkle a baby powder firewall. Ants that are already in your house will lose their scent trail, get lost, and eventually die; ants that are trying to come into your house won't be able to crest the mountain of white.
Just as an aside, I've also made this work with lemon-scented cleaner; apparently ants hate that lemony fresh smell. What are some ways you've gotten rid of ants?
Thoughts to comments or to tips at lifehacker.com.— Wendy Boswell
08/08/06 09:41 AM
Scott says:
I've heard of using laundry detergent powder, Comet cleanser, cinnamon and/or cinnamon sticks, peppermint oil, bay leaves, chalk, black pepper & cayenne pepper, ammonia, vinegar, a 50/50 combination of Windex & Ivory soap spray, mint or cinnamon chewing gum.... But my favorite is Cream of Wheat: after the ants eat it, it expands, causing their stomachs to "explode."
08/08/06 09:52 AM
BadgerKyle says:
I use the Windex method . . . just spray a little right near the wall that they are walking up (or coming from), and they die. The windex kills them (maybe it drowns them?) and the smell keeps them from finding their way back to their home! Plus, you get the added bonus of a clean floor (Windex does clean them a bit).
08/08/06 10:00 AM
Brian Drew says:
I can tell you that listerine does not in fact work. The ants stop as they try to walk through it, but if you are lazy and don't pick them up, they just spring back to life like a frat boy on a late sunday afternoon. Also everybody thinks you really like creme de menthe, and it really doesn't stop the ants.
08/08/06 10:12 AM
adi says:
Vinegar always works for me. Seems to get them off the trail and discourage anyone else from exploring.
08/08/06 10:24 AM
bard says:
Going the natural route, I know a mixture of tea tree oil and grapefruit seed extract will rid you of just about any insect that comes around.
08/08/06 11:05 AM
RLH says:
Okay, so this isn't "natural" but you should run (not walk) to the store and buy some Terro. It's essentially sugar water with Borax so the ants eat up, take the excess back to the nest, and share the food, whereby they all eventually die. You just put a few drops on small pieces of (supplied) cardboard and set it where the ants are wandering. The great advantage here is that you don't need to isolate the entry point, just let them come. The one downside is that once the ants spread the word about limitless puddles of sugar water to their friends, the infestation actually increases for about a day (you can't refill the puddles fast enough) but then they stop coming. Occasionally you have to repeat in 5-7 days--I guess it's the next generation of ants that have hatched--but after that they are gone for good. (Note: this only works on the very small so-called "sugar ants".)
08/08/06 12:25 PM
Zoli Elo says:
I make a "firewall" with hair gel and use it to plug the hole. Plus a cube of sugar and a drop of iodine works as a great and cheap trap.
08/08/06 01:13 PM
Rocketbilly Wang says:
Mix some mustard with some powdered bleach, and put some on the ground (on a napkin or something). They eat it because of the mustard, but they die because of the bleach. It's ingenious.
08/08/06 02:14 PM
John S says:
Most "Ant Powder" is the same diatomaceous earth (or "D.E.", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatomaceous_earth) that's used for pool filtration. It works by dehydrating the little buggers, and can also be used to clean up spills (though care should be taken when handling, i.e. gloves and dust mask. It can do a number on your lungs.)
08/08/06 02:29 PM
Craig says:
Borax works great for fleas as well...just sprinkle on the carpet, work it in by rubbing with your hand or something more convenient, let it sit for a week, then vaccuum. The only downside is that the fleas go nuts for the first day or so as they try to find a way to escape from it.
08/08/06 02:38 PM
Dashiell says:
Any kind of cleaner with bleach (like 409) works pretty well. It kills and repels at the same time, but I'm might try some of these other tactics as well.
08/08/06 03:00 PM
Tex says:
DE - diatomaceous earth, doesn't dehydrate the ants, on a microscopic level it's basically like millions of tiny razor blades that stick to ants' (or fleas', or spiders') bodies and tear them to shreds (pretty grusome, huh?). Great for spreading around outside if you can find the anthill, but I wouldn't use it in the house with pets or small kids around.
Windex works because it desolves the waxy coating on the ants' bodies and causes them to be unable to retain moisture. They basically die of thirst. It also wipes out the trails they leave and use to guide other ants to whatever food or water source they've found. Vinegar works the same way. So will Lysol.
I've tried the piles of cinnamon, pepper and other organic and mostly harmless compounds and they only work if the ants don't find an alternate route into the house.
08/08/06 03:03 PM
nyxsi says:
I've had good success with a 1:1 mix of powdered (icing) sugar and powdered borax. Ants are also allergic to cucumber peel, and black pepper sprinkled at their entry points discourages them as well.
08/08/06 03:31 PM
Spartanical says:
This will kill all bugs period, and it will do it fast! You probably don't have to be brand specific but I've never tried any others as I have had complete success with this:
CITRUS MAGIC (CM)!! It's an air freshener made from concentrated citrus oils (oranges, lemons, grapefruits, etc...). It clings to the insect and permeates any exoskeleton, membrane or wax it is using for defense. It kills bugs (any kind of bug, and never leaves survivors) far faster than Raid (which often seems like just a nuissance to bugs) and I had much experience with Raid when I lived in Texas - i've seen roaches lay there and wriggle for a good half hour before dying and some run away and you're never sure if they did die. CM has none of that! Best of all it is not harmful to us mammals (as long as you keep it out of your eyes and mucous membranes) and leaves a great scent in the air!
08/09/06 12:02 AM
Red_Eye says:
Good tip, but an even less messy tip is a spray bottle filled 50/50 with water/rubbing alcohol. This will kill them fairly quickly and leave no residue, stronger mixes seem to kill quicker. Granted it may not be as good a deterrent as the baby powder.
08/09/06 02:58 PM
sidruid says:
Apparently Aspartame (Nutrasweet) works too:
http://www.proliberty.com/observer/20060612.htm
Pour a packet or two in the corner or by a nest. Moisten a little for fire ants, put in a few drops of apple juice for those little kitchen ants.
08/10/06 04:27 PM
Tankueray says:
Too many comments to read them all, but I've tried the malt-o-meal, flour, etc. It doesn't work with Texas Fire Ants. I've had "piss ants", carpenter ants, and fire ants for more than 15 years and I cannot find anything that works. (However, the area of my yard is four acres.) After four-ish years in college and getting my degree in wildlife and fisheries from a univerity that has extensive research in fire ants, I''ve found that the best defense is a product called "over and out". (mostly for fire ants, after you get rid of them you don't care about the others.) If you live in an area that will support lavender plants, plant them around; it's a natural insect repellant. Fire ants like air conditioners, as I came to expensively realize.... I did some research with fire ants in college, it's hard to shut them down. I've found between the Orkin man, over and out, and lavender I've been pretty lucky. If you're lucky enough to not have fire ants, I would recommend diotomacious(sp?) earth. If you line your flower beds with that you're good. It's absolutely natural and the way it works is that it has microscopic animals called diatoms, which have sharp points on their carcasses, which cut up the insect's exoskeletons and they cannot breathe/live/play reindeer games. Your dog can eat a handful and he'll only have an upset stomach, (assuming your dog is as big as mine - 70lbs. smaller dogs, I assume not so much.) But it works. If you want to get rid if ants/wasps/bees (all the same family, hymenoptera) I recommend that you get in contact with an entomologist. You will then forget all of these "wive's tales" and find out what exactly you need, (depending where you live and in what conditions.) I've found that if you contact an entomology professor anywhwere they will talk your ear off. Ymmv. But as you well know being a "consumerist" commenter, you're going to find the info on the web to back you up. I'll give you this to start: www.fireant.tamu.edu
If any of this info is in error, I will find you the appropriate info, just let me know.
-EvilMonkey
andykboy says:
This is a boric acid based recipe that has yet to fail me in getting rid of ants: http://www.whyy.org/91FM/ybyg/boricacid.html.
AXFORD, Michael : Electromagnetic Piston Motor
WindsorStar.ca
Windsor Star
August 25, 2008
Inventor has magnetic idea to solve
gas crisis
A former Chrysler Canada worker has designed and patented what he says is the "perfect...
Windsor inventor says new motor will solve fuel crisis
by
Dave Hall,
The Windsor Star
A former Chrysler Canada worker has designed and patented what he says is the "perfect...
Windsor inventor says new motor will solve fuel crisis
by
Dave Hall,
The Windsor Star
A former Chrysler Canada worker has designed and patented what he says is the "perfect solution" to the gasoline crisis -- an electromagnetic piston motor that will eliminate our dependence on oil and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Michael Axford, who holds a Mexican patent on the invention and is in the process of acquiring another in Canada, said his invention eliminates gas tanks, fuel lines and a vehicle's exhaust system, while retaining all the remaining service parts.
"You just turn the key and away you go," said Axford. "A centre spool in the cylinder head is wrapped with copper coils. When a driver turns the key, the battery sends voltage to the coil -- which then becomes an electromagnet -- instead of to the spark plugs and the magnet drives the pistons."
Michael Axford is developing an electromagnetic engine and is close to finishing a prototype.View Larger Image View
Axford acknowledges there are similar products in various stages of development, but says only his uses magnets of identical polarity so that the pistons are driven down into the cylinders with a pulse of magnetic energy. The pistons travel just 31/2 inches and Axford said the electromotive force is sufficient to drive them all the way through the cylinder.
"And mine just uses a repelling motion to drive the pistons rather than a combination of repelling and attraction," which often causes problems in the delivery of power, said Axford.
"Electromagnets are strong enough to pull trains, so there's no issue with them being strong enough to drive the pistons," said Axford, who has been working on his project since he took a buyout from Chrysler 15 months ago.
But the idea has its skeptics.
A professional engineer, who declined to have his name published, said "I don't really see how this can work because you can't get more energy out of something than you put into it, otherwise you're dealing with a perpetual motion machine. I also don't think there's enough charge in these batteries to drive the magnets. But Mike's best chance is to get one built and prove that it can work, I guess."
But Axford said "it should perform identically to existing engines. It will idle at 500 r.p.m. so once the gear is engaged, you'll have immediate roll. It won't react with a delay and a jerky motion like a golf cart.
"All the blocks used in this engine will be aluminum so they're not magnetic and the cylinder head and the electromagnets will have a protective cover so they don't affect the vehicle's electronic systems," said Axford.
"And because the system pulses just like a sparkplug, there's no constant drain on the battery."
Axford, who doesn't have an engineering degree but is a self-profess car buff recently completed a patent process in Mexico, using a law firm based in Merida. And now that paperwork is complete he intends to use it to apply for a patent in Canada.
"I had it done in Mexico because it's far less expensive and so far, this effort has all been self-funded," said Axford.
Axford now plans to retro-fit a motor from a Saturn once he takes delivery of some magnetic discs from a manufacturer in China. When the retrofitted prototype is complete, Axford said he'll be in a position to stage demonstrations and plans to drive the vehicle across Canada to prove its reliability.
In the meantime, he's pursuing government grants to help fund the demonstration, to build another non-retrofitted prototype and find somewhere to begin limited production.
Axford said he plans to seek licencing and royalty agreements with the Big 3 domestic automakers once the engine has been field-tested and validated.
