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Hugo ZUCCARELLI
Holophonics
https://www.youtube.com/@holophonics3dsounds406
3D Sound
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXmSf2X3ZCQ
Zuccarelli Holophonics Original "Matchbox Shake" recorded in 1984 (Amazing 3D Sound) // Holophonics 3D Sounds
https://www.discogs.com/master/1176793-Hugo-Zuccarelli-Holophonic?srsltid=AfmBOopVXaYm2eaJW1tlu9RMaIf0JWbkoqhDUsY9Qm6airdAS-yy7lTR
Hugo Zuccarelli – Holophonic
US4680856 -- Process for forming an acoustic monitoring device
Inventor: ZUCCARELLI HUGO [IT]
An acoustic monitoring device for sound sensing in the recording, reproduction, broadcasting, or transmission of sounds, and a process for forming the device. The acoustic monitoring device is shaped like a human head equipped with anatomical features which accurately reproduce the shape of the auricles, the auditory meatus, the Eustachian tubes, and the nasal and oral cavities. Membranes responsive to sound pressures are located at the positions of the ear drums or other auditory organs. The device is produced by a process that includes forming a first mold on a human head, forming a casting from that mold, forming a second mold on the casting, and painting the second mold with a liquid silicone rubber which is allowed to dry to form resilient casting segments simulating the human head. Anatomical features simulating the brain and internal members defining the Eustachian tubes and the nasal and oral cavities are provided within a skull model. A pair of membranes is placed within the skull model at the location of the eardrums or other auditory organs. These membranes are coupled to acoustic members which provide electrical signals on wires exiting the skull model. The silicon rubber casting segments are transferred to the exterior of the skull model giving the acoustic monitoring device the appearance and characteristics of the original human head.
EP0050100 -- Device for the spatial codification of sounds
Device for the spatial codification of sounds comprising a microphonic support shaped like a human head, equipped with auricles and internal cavities which faithfully reproduce the auditory meatus, the Eustachian tubes and the oral cavity, as well as with a wig which provides asymmetry for front and back discrimination and with two microphones arranged in the meatus cavity in the exact position and orientation as the eardrum and in communication in the back with the cavities acting as the Eustachian tubes. The oral cavity is in communication with the outside.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holophonics
Holophonics
Holophonics is a binaural recording system created by Hugo Zuccarelli that is based on the claim that the human auditory system acts as an interferometer. It relies on phase variance, just like stereophonic sound. The sound characteristics of holophonics are most clearly heard through headphones, though they can be effectively demonstrated with two-channel stereo speakers, provided that they are phase-coherent. The word "holophonics" is related to "acoustic hologram".
History
Holophonics was created by Argentine inventor Hugo Zuccarelli in 1980, during his studies at the Politecnico di Milano university. In 1983, Zuccarelli released a recording entitled Zuccarelli Holophonics (The Matchbox Shaker) in the United Kingdom (UK) that was produced by CBS. The recording consisted entirely of short recordings of sounds designed to show off the Holophonics system. These included a shaking matchbox, haircut and blower, bees, balloon, plastic bag, birds, airplanes, fireworks, thunder and racing cars. In its early years, Holophonics was used by various artists, including Pink Floyd for The Final Cut,[1] Roger Waters solo album, The Pros and Cons of Hitch Hiking[2] and Psychic TV's Dreams Less Sweet[citation needed]. The system has been used in film soundtracks, popular music, television and theme parks.[3] Most famous sound effects were recorded in Modena at Umbi's Studios by sound engineer Maurizio Maggi. Holophonic is patented and registered by Umberto Maggi (Italy). Zuccarelli states that the human auditory system is a sound emitter, producing a reference sound that combines with incoming sound to form an interference pattern inside the ear. The nature of this pattern is sensitive to the direction of the incoming sound. According to the hypothesis, the cochlea detects and analyzes this pattern as if it were an acoustic hologram. The brain then interprets this data and infers the direction of the sound. An article from Zuccarelli presenting this theory was printed in the magazine New Scientist in 1983. This article was soon followed by two letters, casting doubt on Zuccarelli's theory and his scientific abilities.[4][5]
To date, there has been no evidence provided that any acoustic emissions are used for sound localization. Holophonics, like binaural recording, instead reproduces the interaural differences (arrival time and amplitude between the ears), as well as rudimentary head-related transfer functions (HRTF). These create the illusion that sounds produced in the membrane of a speaker emanate from specific directions.
Otoacoustic emissions
While otoacoustic emissions do exist, there is no evidence to support the assertion that these play a role in sound localization, nor is any mechanism for this "interference" effect claimed by Zuccarelli supported. On the contrary, there is abundant literature proving that properly presented spatial cues via HRTF synthesis (mimicking binaural heads) or binaural recording is adequate to reproduce realistic spatial recordings comparable to real listening, and comparable to the Holophonics demonstrations.[6]
Recordings released using holophonics
Pink Floyd, The Final Cut Harvest/E.M.I, 7243 8 31242 2 0 (1983).[2]
Paul McCartney, "Keep Under Cover", 1983.
Roger Waters, The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking, Harvest, CDP 7 46029 2 (1984).[2]
Psychic TV, Dreams Less Sweet, Some Bizzare (1983).
References
Mabbett, Andy; Miles, Barry (1994), Pink Floyd: The Visual Documentary, Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-4109-2
Mabbett, Andy (2010). Pink Floyd - The Music and the Mystery. London: Omnibus. ISBN 978-1-84938-370-7.
Zuccarelli, Hugo (2017). "Holophonics in Media". Acoustic Integrity.
Zuccarelli, Hugo; "Ears Hear by Making Sounds," New Scientist, 438–440 1983
Baxter, A.J., and Kemp, David T.; "Zuccarelli's Theory," New Scientist, 606-606 1983
Gilkey & Anderson, "Binaural and Spatial Hearing in Real and Virtual Environments"
WO2014049268 -- METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING AUDIO SIGNALS TO BE DELIVERED TO A SOUND REPRODUCTION SYSTEM
Inventor: CORTEEL ETIENNE et al
The invention relates to a method for generating audio signals, from an input audio signal, to be delivered to a sound reproduction system comprising a first set of loud-speakers at a reference height, and a second set of loud-speakers at a higher height than the reference height, that are vertically more directive than the loud-speakers of the first set. Said method comprises: the identification of a position of at least one sound object of the input audio signal; the generation of first audio signals for feeding the first set, by applying, to the input audio signal, at least one delay and/or a gain and a sound spatialisation technique taking into account the identified position and a position of the loud-speakers of the first set; and the generation of second audio signals for feeding the second set, by applying, to the input audio signal, at least one delay and/or a gain and a sound spatialisation technique taking into account the identified position and a position of the loud-speakers of the second set; at least one sound spatialisation technique being a holophonic technique and the delays and/or gains being selected in such a way that the combination of the first signals restituted by the first set and the second signals restituted by the second set verifies a defined sound restitution effect at at least one reference spatial position.
US9319794 -- Holophonic speaker system with filters that are pre-configured based on acoustic transfer functions
Inventor: BETLEHEM TERENCE
Disclosed is a surround sound system configured to reproduce a holographic spatial sound field in a sound control region (11) within a room having at least one sound reflective surface. The system is comprised of multiple steerable loudspeakers (12) located about the sound control region (11), a control unit (14) connected to each of the loudspeakers (12) and a sound field recording system comprising a microphone array (20) located in the sound control region (11). Each loudspeaker (12) has a plurality of speaker input signals (13). Each speaker input signal (13) controls one of a plurality of different individual directional beam response patterns which may be generated by the loudspeaker (12). The overall directional response of the sound waves emanating from the loudspeaker (12) is that created by a combination of the individual directional beam response patterns as dictated by the speaker input signals (13). In a playback mode the control unit (14) receives input spatial audio signals (16) representing the holographic spatial sound field for reproduction in the sound control region (11). The control unit (14) has pre-configured filters for filtering the input spatial audio signals to generate the speaker input signals (13) for driving the loudspeakers (12) to generate sound waves with respective overall directional responses that are co-ordinated to combine together at the sound control region (11) to reproduce the holographic spatial sound field. The holographic sound field is formed from the combination of direct sound emanating into the sound control region (11) directly from one or more loudspeakers (12) and reflected sound emanating into the sound control region (11) from the reflective surface(s) of the room. The filters of the control unit (14) are pre-configured in a configuration mode prior to operating in the playback mode based on acoustic transfer function data. The acoustic transfer function data is measured by the sound field recording system. The acoustic transfer function data represents the acoustic transfer functions measured by the microphone array (20) in response to test signals (22) generated by each of the loudspeakers (12) for each of their individual directional beam response patterns at their respective locations in the room.
DE102011011115 -- Method for generating and discharging temporal spatial crossed holophonic wave pattern
Inventor: KIRCHHOF AXEL
The method involves forming a spatial temporal crossed sound pattern (46) that is dependent on music input signal by an interference reflection. The spatial crossed holophonic wave pattern is formed by non-linear, chaotic initial conditions, which are corresponding to a neuronal pattern-building process. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a speaker, particularly interference resonator, for speaker arrangement; (2) a speaker arrangement, particularly an acoustic wave field generator, for generating and discharging temporally interfering acoustic wave pattern with multiple superposed interference resonators; and (3) a method for correcting, controlling and manipulating audio signal.
US6430293 -- Recording and play-back two-channel system for providing a holophonic reproduction of sounds
Inventor: FINSTERLE LUCA GUBERT
A two-channel sound recording and play-back system for providing a holophonic reproduction or play-back of sounds is herein disclosed. The two-channel recording system comprises cables and electronic apparatus for providing a stereophonic type of recording, where a plurality of microphones are arranged in an adjoining mutually angled relationship so as to provide, during the recording operation, a stereophonic effect due to phase differences at each frequency and an intensity difference at least for middle-high acoustic frequencies. The two-channel sound play-back system comprises, in addition to a source and a two-channel amplifying system, a plurality of diffusers arranged to corners of a parallelogram, a listening point being preferably arranged at the center of said parallelogram, the front or rear diffusers receiving the recorded signal without modifications, whereas, respectively, the rear or front diffusers receive a signal the sound pressure of which is adjusted, by a perspective corrector, from -15 dB to +9 dB, as modified in the frequency response thereof and with a delayed emission, so as to broaden the sound range up to 360°, thereby providing a sound holophonic play-back.
CN101325822 -- Rotating dynamic recording playback holography acoustic system
The invention discloses a rotary dynamic recording-playing holophone system which is composed of three parts, namely, a sound pickup device, a record power amplifier and a playing device, wherein, the playing device is composed of a step motor, a gear transmission system and a pickup rotor capable of revolving; the playing device revolves at a certain rotating speed during recording to record sound dynamically, and then transmits the signal to the record power amplifier to record or directly amplifies the signal and then transmits to the playing device to play; the playing device is composed of a step motor, a gear transmission system and a playing rotor; the playing device performs dynamic revolving play, and the rotating speed and the revolving direction are the same as those of the recording device, thereby recording the holophone in the original recording scene.
https://1lib.sk/book/95769123/948d9f/holophonic-sound-in-ircams-concert-hall-technological-and-aesthetic-practices.html
Holophonic Sound in IRCAM's Concert Hall: Technological and Aesthetic Practices
Carpentier, Thibaut, Barrett, Natasha, Gottfried
[ PDF ]
https://1lib.sk/book/98083727/1a87d4/spie-proceedings-spie-spie-institutes-for-advanced-optical-technologies-8-tatab%C3%A1nya-hungary-sat.html
Holography - Holophonics: a spread-out of the basic ideas on holography into audio-acoustics
Greguss, Pal, Illényi, A.
[ PDF ]
https://1lib.sk/book/51575528/8c6ff0/plasma-echo-and-spin-echo-holophones.html
Plasma Echo and Spin Echo Holophones
WATSON, C. J. H
[ PDF ]
US3855578 -- HOLOPHONE INFORMATION STORING AND/OR PROCESSING DEVICE
Certain natural physical systems, such as a collisionless plasma excited by a sequence of spatially periodic electrostatic pulses, or a material possessing net nuclear or electron spin in an external magnetic field, are adapted for information processing, for example for searching a mass of stored information for the presence of information related to a particular portion of information, or "cue.