Ranque-Hilsch Vortex
Tube ( III : Patents )
Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube I
Ranque-Hilsch
Vortex Tube II
https://worldwide.espacenet.com
CN202383899
-- Experimental device for second law of
thermodynamics
GB708452 --
Improvements in or relating to a system for the cooling of
compressed gas
DE4345137 --
Cooling device using exothermic dynamic expansion process
DE19612691 --
Method for mixing liquid fuel with air
DE102012021576 --
Deterring a workpiece, by supplying a partially heated
workpiece with a cooling medium
DE102009041742 --
Device for generating hot- or cold air for medical
applications...
FR1066484 -- Génératrice
à vapeur en circuit fermé
FR2439500 -- Electrical
machine with cryogenic cooling vortex tube...
IT1109113 -- Condensable
components separation from gas - using vortex chamber...
RU2415813 -- DEVICE TO
CLEAN WATER OF IMPURITIES
RU2417337 -- METHOD OF
POWER SUPPLY TO AUTONOMOUSLY FUNCTIONING GAS REDUCTION
FACILITIES OF MANIFOLD GAS LINES...
RU2391550 -- FEED METHOD
OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPARK IGNITION
RU2715946 -- VORTEX
THERMOSTAT
RU2699972 -- SURGICAL
SUCTION DEVICE
US3973396 -- Gas turbine
power plant
US4458494 -- Preventing
vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal gas-liquid
separator
US2008209914 -- Device for
Cooling Electrical Equipment...
US6334841 --
Centrifuge with Ranque vortex tube cooling
US2011056457 --
SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSATION OF LIQUID FROM GAS AND
METHOD OF COLLECTION OF LIQUID
KR100938538 -- Solar
Vortex Chimney Power Plant boosted by Solar Chimney
US1952281 -- METHOD AND
APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING FROM A FLUID UNDER PRESSURE TWO
CURRENTS OF FLUIDS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES -- Georges
Joseph Ranque
EP2107321 -- Method of
controlling a device comprising Hilsch-Ranque vortex tubes
US3672179 -- GAS
LIQUIFACTION
DE4208799 -- Cold treatment of
human and animal body parts...
GB405781 -- An improved method
and apparatus for heating and cooling fluids
JPS5934402 -- ROTOR DEVICE OF
STEAM TURBINE
US3831430 -- DEVICE FOR
MEASURING DENSITY AND DEW POINT OF A GAS
US2009241555 -- METHOD OF
CONTROLLING A DEVICE INCLUDING HILSCH-RANQUE VORTEX TUBES
WO9624808 -- COOLING SYSTEM
WO2005113741 -- VORTEX TUBE
THERMOCYCLER
WO2013095176 -- AIR
CONDITIONER
WO2014163523 --
RADIATION-WAVE CRACKING METHOD AND REACTOR FOR SAME
CA1014077 -- PRESSURE REGULATING
REFRIGERATIVE AIR DRYER SYSTEM
US3208229 -- Vortex tube
US5682749 -- Critical temperature
control with vortex cooling
US4302949 -- Refrigeration and
heating system
US3165149 -- Temperature control
system
US4646524 -- Method of intensifying
heat in reversed Rankine cycle...
GB945252 -- Improvements in or
relating to method and apparatus for cooling utilizing a
vortex tube
CN202383899 [
PDF ]
Experimental device for second law of thermodynamics
Abstract
The utility model discloses an experimental device for a second
law of thermodynamics, and is characterized in that: a
high-temperature high-pressure gas generation device is provided
with a gas pressure sensor and a high-temperature high-pressure
gas temperature sensor; an inner part of an unthrottled
Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube is provided with a separating pore, the
unthrottled Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube is in a T shape; a vertical
part of the T-shaped tube is connected with the high-temperature
high-pressure gas generation device, the center of a horizontal
part of the T-shaped tube is provided with a circular separator
plate, the center of the circular separator plate is provided with
the separating pore; an outlet at one side of the T-shaped tube is
provided with a stop valve and a low-temperature gas temperature
sensor which are respectively used for adjusting an outflow volume
of a low-temperature gas and detecting the temperature of the
low-temperature gas at the auxiliary-side outlet; and the other
side of the T-shaped tube is provided with a high-temperature gas
temperature sensor. By adopting the experimental device of the
utility model, a student can use an ideal gas to approximatively
perform a quantitative estimation, thereby understanding the
essence of the second law of thermodynamics better.
GB708452
PDF ]
Improvements in or relating to a system for the cooling of
compressed gas
Abstract
In a gas cooling and drying apparatus using a vortex tube 15 of
the type described in Specification 405,781, the compressed gas
before its expansion is cooled by the cooled partial current in a
heat exchanger 10, and the cooled partial current amounts to at
least 70 per cent of the total current. The compressed gas
supplied through a pipe 5 is first cooled in a precooler 6, the
separated moisture being removed at 8, and then passes through the
tubes 11 of the heat exchanger 10 and through a pipe 14 to the
tangential nozzle 16 of the Ranque vortex tube 15. Cold air from
the vortex tube passes by a pipe 19 to the heat exchanger and
issues through a pipe 21. Precipitated liquid is removed by a
separator 28. The warm air issuing through the valve 25 of the
vortex tube 15 passes to the place of use through a pipe .23 to
which is also connected the pipe 21. If ice, &c. is formed two
heat exchangers can be used operating alternately. To avoid the
formation of frost a de-icing fluid is distributed by a pipe 27 to
a porous substance 29 through which the compressed gas passes. A
de Laval nozzle is used to feed the compressed gas tangentially
into the tube 15, and the gas rotates in the tube at supersonic
speed. The apparatus may be used to dry protective gases for
furnaces.
DE4345137
[ PDF ]
Cooling device using exothermic dynamic expansion process
Abstract
The cooling device has a double chamber vortex pipe (6) and a
cooling pipe (23), the working fluid (3) fed to one chamber of the
vortex pipe, with part of the fluid vaporised and separated into
hot and cold gas flows (15, 17) via a Ranque-Hilsch effect. The
hot gas flow (15) is delayed by an expansion pipe (22) and fed to
the cooling pipe, where it is cooled, the cold gas flow (17) fed
via a valve to a collection space before mixing with the cold
fluid flow.
DE19612691
[ PDF ]
Method for mixing liquid fuel with air
Abstract
Method is used in mixing a liquid fuel with air, in which a vortex
tube is employed. The fuel and air are mixed in a turbulent
centrifugal field, for supply to the combustion chamber. In this
method, a Hilsch tube is used. This has opposite, hot and cold
ends, each with restricted cross-sectional openings. The heated
gaseous mixture is extracted from the hot end. Also claimed is a
burner, to carry out the procedure. Regions near the air or fuel
supply may be heated, or the vortex tube itself is heated.
DE102012021576
[ PDF ]
Deterring a workpiece, by supplying a partially heated
workpiece with a cooling medium
Abstract
The method comprises supplying a partially heated workpiece with a
cooling medium, and subjecting a deterred area of the workpiece to
a turbulence of a gaseous cooling medium. A cold gas flow of the
cooling medium is created by an eddy-current generator such as an
eddy-current or a vortex pipe and by a Ranque-Hilsch vortex pipe
(7). The workpiece is: deterred within a cold gas chamber standing
in fluid connection with the eddy-current generator; hardened by
an inductive heating; and surface-hardened or air-hardened after a
hot forging process. The method comprises supplying a partially
heated workpiece with a cooling medium, and subjecting a deterred
area of the workpiece to a turbulence of a gaseous cooling medium.
A cold gas flow of the cooling medium is created by an
eddy-current generator such as an eddy-current or a vortex pipe
and by a Ranque-Hilsch vortex pipe (7). The workpiece is: deterred
within a cold gas chamber standing in fluid connection with the
eddy-current generator; hardened by an inductive heating; and
surface-hardened or air-hardened after a hot forging process. The
turbulence is created by a relative motion of tangential aligned
nozzles and/or the eddy-current generators and the workpiece. The
cooling medium includes a spray mist such as a compressed
air-water mixture. An independent claim is included for a device
for deterring a workpiece.
DE102009041742
[ PDF ]
Device for generating hot- or cold air for medical
applications....
Abstract
The device has a hermetically sealed compressor (2) whose pressure
output is connected with the input of a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube
(5). The compressor is operated as displacement machine. One
output of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube communicates with a
device-sided connection for warm- or hot air and another output
communicated with a device-sided connection for cold air.
FR1066484 [ PDF ]
Génératrice à vapeur en circuit fermé
FR2439500 [ PDF ]
Electrical machine with cryogenic cooling vortex tube...
Abstract
The rotor (3) has a superconducting winding (7) with cooling
ducts (8) connected to a heat exchanger (26) in the cavity of the
rotor. This rotor contains a Ranque vortex tube (16), a peripheral
outlet of which is connected to a cooling duct in a
thermal-electromagnetic shield (13). The rotor (3) also comprises
two power leads (39) to the rotor, each having one cooling duct
(40) connected to the central outlet (20) of the Ranque vortex
tube. Reducer sections (9, 10) each have one cooling duct (11, 12)
which has its first inlet close to the superconducting winding (7)
and connected with the central outlet (20) of the Ranque vortex
tube. The outlets of these cooling ducts (11, 12) are connected
with the coolant discharge line (25).
IT1109113 [ PDF ]
Condensable components separation from gas - using vortex
chamber...
Abstract
Condensable products such as water liq. hydrocarbon are separated
from natural gas by expanding the mixt. in a vortex chamber. Aided
by the centrifugal force and the Ranque-Hilsch vortex effect, a
cold and a hot gas stream are extracted, keeping the pressure
ratio between gas intake and hot gas stream is 1.7 to 7. The cold
gas stream is used to cool the mixt. before it enters. The liq. is
extracted from the vortex chamber when its temperature and
composition differs from that of the gas outflow. This creates a
simple way of separating water and liq. hydrocarbon from natural
gas and of minimising the erosion effect on the separator.
RU2415813 [ PDF ]
DEVICE TO CLEAN WATER OF IMPURITIES
Abstract
FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to
devices intended for cleaning water of impurities by freezing, and
may be used for sea water desalination. Proposed device comprises,
at least, two chambers for water freezing and its defrosting made
up of vertical hollow cylindrical tanks (1) and (2) arranged in
heatproof cases (3) and (4), while freezing and defrosting device
represents a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube (5) generating hot and cold
airflows intermittently fed into cases (3) and (4) of cylindrical
tanks (1) and (2). Note here that each said tank is provided with
pipeline (6) of treated water, pipeline (7) to discharge water
with impurities and pipeline to drain purified melt water, all
pipelines being equipped with controlled shut-off valves. ^
EFFECT: increased efficiency of cleaning.
RU2417337 [ PDF ]
METHOD OF POWER SUPPLY TO AUTONOMOUSLY FUNCTIONING GAS
REDUCTION FACILITIES OF MANIFOLD GAS LINES...
Abstract
FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: method of power generation is
based on using Ranque-Hilsch and Seebeck effects in compressed gas
reduction. To increase efficiency of power generation, in
thermoelectric module hot and cold flows of low pressure gas of
vortex tube are combined in an ejector, where hot gas is a working
one, and cold gas is the injected flow. ^ EFFECT: provision of
power supply to auxiliary needs of autonomously functioning gas
reduction facilities of manifold gas lines and gas networks of low
pressure.
RU2391550 [ PDF ]
FEED METHOD OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPARK IGNITION
Abstract
SUBSTANCE: method of power generation is based on using
Ranque-Hilsch and Seebeck effects in compressed gas reduction. To
increase efficiency of power generation, in thermoelectric module
hot and cold flows of low pressure gas of vortex tube are combined
in an ejector, where hot gas is a working one, and cold gas is the
injected flow. ^ EFFECT: provision of power supply to auxiliary
needs of autonomously functioning gas reduction facilities of
manifold gas lines and gas networks of low pressure.
RU2715946 [ PDF ]
VORTEX THERMOSTAT
Abstract
FIELD: heating equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat
engineering and can be used in heat exchange equipment, in
particular in thermostats. MRT vortex thermostat, comprising
temperature sensors, electromagnetic valves, MRT heat exchanger,
electromagnetic valve control board, LCD monitor with interface,
control board, which is a microcomputer having input ports for
reading incoming information from temperature sensors and user
commands, wherein the output ports serve to communicate with
solenoid valves and the LCD monitor interface, and additionally
includes a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube connected by means of a
heat-insulated hose with quick-detachable connections to the MRT
heat exchanger through an air receiver.EFFECT: absence of movable
parts of temperature source, which improves reliability of the
model, as well as operation in a wide temperature range.
RU2699972
[ PDF ]
SURGICAL SUCTION DEVICE
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for suctioning fluids and gases
from surgical wounds and body cavities during surgical and
conservative treatment; the device can also be used in dentistry
as a saliva ejector. The surgical suction device contains a
high-pressure gas source, a gas reducer with pressure gauges, and
a Rank-Hilsch vortex tube. The inlet of the tube is connected to a
high-pressure gas source through a regulating gas reducer with two
pressure gauges and a filter for drying and cleaning the air. The
hot end of the vortex tube with an air silencer is vented to
atmosphere. The cold end of the vortex tube with an air silencer
is equipped with a vacuum gauge and is connected through a
flexible pipeline to the air channel of the covers of the
receiving vessels. The pipeline is made of polymer and equipped
with an antibacterial filter. Simplicity of design, absence of
moving parts are provided, which increases reliability and fault
tolerance. A wide range of working pressures is achieved.
US3973396 [ PDF ]
Gas turbine power plant
Abstract
The cooling of a gas turbine is a critical problem and will
consume a considerable quantity of compressed air at the
temperature ordinarily available. To improve the cooling
properties, a portion of the air delivered by the compressor is
divided off and is conveyed to an expansion member, where it is
further divided into a hot and a cold fraction. This cold
fraction, which can have a temperature well below the freezing
point, is used, preferably mixed with air delivered directly from
the compressor, for cooling the turbine inlet means.
US4458494 [ PDF ]
Preventing vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal
gas-liquid separator
Abstract
Preventing vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal gas-liquid
separator
This patent refers to a gas-liquid separation process by
centrifugal force, which takes place in a fast turning vortex
confined in a tube, similar to inventor's former patents. Against
the separating centrifugal force the thermal (Ranque) effect tends
to heat the periphery of the tube and vaporize the liquid. This
improvement refers to a method of preventing the vaporization of
the liquid, either by cooling a short section of the periphery
with a cooling jacket, or by taking out the liquid at a short
distance from the inlet, where the heating effect on the periphery
is minimal, and insulating the liquid from this heating effect. It
also refers to the method of control of this liquid separation,
and the process of using it as a wellhead oil and gas separator.
US2008209914
[ PDF ]
Device for Cooling Electrical Equipment...
Abstract
A device for cooling electrical or electronic equipment in a
turbomachine, such as a unit for controlling actuators for
variable-geometry elements, the device comprising at least one
vortex tube having an inlet connected to means for feeding
pressurized air taken from an element of the turbomachine, and a
cold air outlet connected to means for cooling the electrical
equipment.
US6334841 [ PDF ]
Centrifuge with Ranque vortex tube cooling
Abstract
This centrifuge includes a chamber (5), a rotor (6) arranged
therein, a device (8) for driving the rotation of the rotor, and a
device (11) for cooling the atmosphere of the chamber. The device
for cooling the atmosphere of the chamber includes a Ranque vortex
tube (30), a cold outlet (33) which is connected to one inlet (66)
of the chamber. The centrifuge includes a pressurized-gas supply
circuit which is connected to an inlet (32) of the Ranque vortex
tube and which is intended to be connected to a source (49) of
pressurized gas. Application is to the centrifuging of biological
products.
US2011056457
[ PDF ]
SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSATION OF LIQUID FROM GAS AND
METHOD OF COLLECTION OF LIQUID
Abstract
The present disclosure generally relates to an apparatus for the
condensation of a liquid suspended in a gas, and more
specifically, to an apparatus for the condensation of water from
air with a geometry designed to emphasize adiabatic condensation
of water using either the Joule-Thompson effect or the
Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube effect or a combination of the two.
Several embodiments are disclosed and include the use of a
Livshits-Teichner generator to extract water and unburned
hydrocarbons from exhaust of combustion engines, to collect
potable water from exhaust of combustion engines, to use the
vortex generation as an improved heat process mechanism, to mix
gases and liquid fuel efficiently, and an improved
Livshits-Teichner generator with baffles and external
condensation.
KR100938538
[ PDF ]
Solar Vortex Chimney Power Plant boosted by
Solar Chimney
Abstract
The invention relates to the solar energy vortex chimney
generating station (Solar Vortex Chimney Power Plant) using only
the radiant heat of the environment-friendly sun. And it served as
the buster (Booster) making the most of the principles of the
existing solar energy chimney (Solar chimney) and first supplied
the pressurized atmosphere to the main part power generation
vortex chimney (Main Power Generation Vortex Chimney). And the
cold turbine is set up in the hot turbine and lower part on the
top of the vortex chimney which secondaries uses the principles of
the existing Vortex tube and it compares with the existing solar
energy chimney and the power generation of the high efficiency is
possible...
US1952281 [ PDF ]
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING FROM A FLUID UNDER
PRESSURE TWO CURRENTS OF FLUIDS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
Georges Joseph Ranque
The object of my invention is a method for automatically
obtaining, from a compressible fluid (gas or vapour) under
pressure, a current of hot fluid and a current of cold fluid, that
transformation of the initial fluid into two currents of different
temperatures taking place without the help of any movable
mechanical organ, merely through the work of the molecules of
fluid upon one anotner.
The method according to my invention consists essentially in
dividing the fluid under pressure, which is admitted tangentially
into a vessel having the shape of a body of revolution, into two
coaxial sheets of fluid moving with a gyratory motion and reacting
upon each other so as to produce, under the acticn of centrifugal
force, the compression of the outer sheet by the inner sheet which
expands, this compression absorbing a certain amount of work,
which is evidenced by'a rise in the temperature of the compressed
sheet at the expense of the other sheet, which is thus cocled.
In a practical mode of carrying out this method, the fluid under
pressure is introduced tangentially into a vessel having the shape
of a body of revolution provided with axial orifices disposed on
either side of the fluid inlet. Said fluid is suitably guided so
as to give it a helical motion toward one of said orifices, the
cross section of which is suitably restricted so as to produce a
backward motion of a portion of the fluid toward the opposite
orifice. This produces two sheets of fluids having opposite axial
motions, the inner sheet expanding and compressing the
outer-sheet, thus supplying heat thereto.
A current of hot fluid is thus received through the orifice of
restricted cross section, while a current of cold fluid is
received through the opposite orifice.
Another object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for
carrying out the method above referred to. According to my
invention, this apparatus comprises a chamber having the shape of
a body of revolution the middle part of which is provided with one
or more tangential inlet tubes for the fluid under pressure. Axial
orifices are provided at either end of said chamber, one of said
orifices, toward which the liqf1id, or fluid is directed through a
suitable guiding with a gyratory motion, having a cross section
smaller than that of the sheet of fluid, so that a portion of the
latter is driven back toward the opposite orifice in such manner
that it is caused to flow over the sheet of fluid that is applied
against the wall of the chamber in question.
(Cl. 62-170) 11952,281 Preferred embodiments of my invention will
be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying
drawings, given merely by way of example, and in which:
Figs. I to 5 inclusive are diagrammatical views illustrating the
principle of my invention, Fig. 2 being a sectional view on the
line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is a diagrammatical view of an embodiment of my invention;
6 Fig. 6a is a sectional view on the line 6a-6a of Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 is a detailed view showing in axial section a practical
embodiment of my invention;
Fig. 7a is a perspective view of the helicoidal guide;
Fig. 8 is a corresponding plan view on a smaller scale;
Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical elevational view of another embodiment
of my invention;
Fig. 10 is an end view corresponding to Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is a diagrammatical view of another embodiment of my
invention;
Fig. 12 is an end view corresponding to Fig. 11;
Figs. 13 and 14 are diagrammatical views of 8( two other
embodiments of my invention..
The principle on which my invention is based is illustrated by
diagrammatic Figures 1 to 5.
Supposing, as shown in Figs. I and 2, that a tube A B is provided
in its middle part with a tangential inlet pipe 1 through which a
current of a compressible fluid,(gas or vapour) under pressure is
sent into said tube, said fluid is given in said tube a certain
linear velocity parallel with the axis of said tube, said
rectilinear movement being combined with a gyratory movement about
the axis of the tube. The fluid flows toward bcth ends of the
tube.
As the fluid is moving away from the inlet pipe, its rectilinear
velocity, which is parallel with the axis x Y of the tube,
increases, and its angular velocity decreases, so that the fluid
spreads along the wall of the tube so as to form a sheet 2 having
substantially the shape of a body of revolution about axis x y
(Mg. 3). In 100 said sheet the molecules are subjected to a
pressure which is the higher as they are at a greater distance
frcm the axis of the tube, due to the action of the centrifugal
force. At the same time, the flow of the fluid produces a
substantial 105 f all of pressure in the central zone of the tube,
so that the outer air. which is at the atmospheric pressure, is
drawn toward the central zone of the tube, thus forming two axial
currents 2a (Fig. 4). When the outer air reaches said cen- 110
tral zone, it is driven back toward the outside by the fluid
moving with a gyratory movement, thus forming streams 3.
If an annular diaphragm 4, the free central opening 4a of which
has a diameter equal to the minimum diameter of the zone In which
a fall of pressure is produced, as shown in Fig. 5, is provided in
the central part of the tube, on one side of the tangential inlet
pipe, the fluid moving with a gyratory movement will flow only
toward orifice B, carrying along with it the atmospheric air
coming from both orifice A and arifice B. The method and the
apparatus according to my invention are based on the experimental
facts that have just been stated.
In the embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 6a, the apparatus consists
of a chamber 5 having the shape of a body of revolution about axis
x y, the middle part 6 of said chamber being of restricted cross
section and being provided with a tangential inlet pipe 7 for the
fluid (gas or vapour) under pressure. The inner wall of chamber 5
is provided, opposite the opening of said pipe, with a helical
guiding surface 8. The orifice A of chamber 5 is freely opened,
while the cross section of orifice B is restricted by a kind of
frusto-conical diaphragm or deflector 9, so that the fluid under
pressure, admitted through pipe 7, is only allowed to flow through
an annular Soaperture 10, which is not sufficient for the amount
of fluid fed thereto. The fluid under pressure admitted through
pipe 7 and guided by helical surface 8 is simultaneously given a
rectilinear motion which causes it to move within chamber 6 toward
opening 10, and a rotary motion about axis x y. The sheet of fluid
that is immediately adjacent the wall of the chamber flows out
through said opening 10, while the remainder of the fluid, which
is prevented from flowing out by diaphragm 9 is subjected to the
fall of pressure existing in the central zone of the chamber and
is given a, backward motion toward orifice A. I thus obtain,
according to my invention, a first sheet of fluid 11, moving with
a gyratory motion along the inner wall of the chamber, from
orifice 7 toward orifice B, and a second sheet of fluid 12 moving
with a gyratory motion along the inner surface of the first
mentioned sheet in an opposite axial direction, said second sheet
of fluid consisting of the difference between the amount of fluid
admitted through pipe 7 and the amount of fluid that is allowed to
flow out through opening 10.
Said sheet of fluid under pressure 12, which moves with a gyratory
motion not along the rigid wall of chamber 5, but along the
elastic surface of the first mentioned sheet of fluid, tends on
the one hand under the action of the centrifugal, force, and on
the other hand under the effect of the increase of velocity due to
the expansion and to the rotation that take place, to compress the
molecules of the first mentioned sheet of fluid.
That compression absorbs a certain amount of work, which is
evidenced by a loss of heat from the second mentioned sheet to the
benefit of the first mentioned one. Consequently, the temperature
of sheet 12 falls, while the temperature of sheet 11 rises.
Finally, there is obtained through orifice 10 a current of hot
fluid, and Ahrough orifice A a current of'cold fluid.
7o The initial guiding of the fluid toward one of the orifices is
necessary for practical purposes in order to obtain an accurate
centering of the central zone of depression or fall of
temperature. In the example above described, that guiding is
7& effected through helical inclined surface 8. The I
following description will show that the same result could be
obtained through other guiding means.
The adjustment of the cross section of the outlet orifice at B,
which can be obtained through any suitable means makes it
possible, by modifying the rates of flow at B and A, to vary the
differences between the temperature of the initial fluid and those
of the hot fluid and of the cold fluid escaping through outlet
orifices B and A respectively.
If, for instance, the cross section of the orifice through which
the hot fluid Is allowed to flow out is considerably restricted,
the rate of flow of the hot fluid is diminished, but the rate of
flow of the cold fluid is simultaneously increased so that the
heat that is given out from one sheet to the other one causes a
considerable rise of the temperature of the hot fluid but a small
fall of the temperature of the cold fluid, as compared with that
of the initial fluid.
Figs. 7 and 7a show a practical embodiment of my invention.
This embodiment comprises a cylindrical chamber 12 in which the
interchange of heat takes I place, and an annular distributing
organ made of two pieces 13-13a which is provided with an inlet
pipe 14 for the fluid under pressure. Said distributing organ
comprises an inner cylindrical chamber 15 connected with cylinder
12 1 through a frusto-conical surface 16, and with annular conduit
17 of the distributing organ through a tangential passage 17a. The
guiding helical surface 8 extends from one edge 17b to the other
17c of the orifice of said passage. The tangential I passage 17a
and the guiding inclined surface 8 are provided in a separate part
19, provided with conical surfaces 19a-19b for the centering
thereof between parts 13 and 13a of the distributing organ. On the
side opposite to cylinder 12 said I distributing organ is
connected with a cylinder 21 at the end of whic h the current of
cold fluid is received, while the current of hot fluid passing
through the annular orifice provided around conical diaphragm 9 is
received through tube 22.
Figs. 9 to 13 show other embodiments of the means for guiding the
fluid. In the embodiment of Figs. 9 and 10, said guiding is
obtained through several tangential pipes 7a opening into a
frustoconical chamber 23 connected with the working 1 chamber 12.
In the embodiment of Figs. 11 and 12,.the guiding action is
obtained through several pipes 7a opening tangentially into
chamber 12, but which are inclined with respect to the axis x y of
said 1 chamber.
It should be well understood that it is not absolutely necessary,
according to my. invention, that the fluid under pressure should
be admitted tangentially into a chamber having the shape of 1 a
body of revolution in which the fluid is divided into two coaxial
sheets one of which receives from the other one mechanical work
which is transformed into heat. What is necessary. is to obtain an
aimular flow of the fluid moving with a gyratory movement and any
means for obtaining that result may be obtained according to my
invention. In particular, I may use to this effect directing
blades disposed for. instance in an inlet conduit coaxial with the
chamber in which the interchange of heat takes place.
Furthermore, instead of being provided on either side of the inlet
conduit, the axial orifices through which the two sheets of liquid
escape may be disposed on the same side of said inlet conduit, the
annular orifice for the outflow of the hot fluid surrounding the
outlet orifice for the cold fluid. In such an arrangement, the two
sheets have parallel axial movements in the same direction, which
may be advantageous in some cases for reducing their mutual
friction. Such an arrangement is shown in ilig. 13 In which the
fluid is admitted at one of the ends A of the chamber A B having
the shape of a body of revolution and Is given a gyratory movement
by a plurality of blades 23 disposed in an annular tube 24. The
other end B, of chamber A B is provided with two concentric
orifices 10 and disposed in such manner that the outer orifice is
limited by a diaphragm 9 so that the fluid moving with a gyratory
motion from end A past blades 23 cannot escape entirely through
said orifice 10.
A part of said fluid is compelled to escape through the inner
orifice 25, of smaller diameter, which corresponds to a zone of
lesser pressure.
This causes an expansion of that portion of the fluid and it has
been ascertained experimentally that said expansion starts as soon
as the fluid leaves the directing blades and is continued as far
as orifice 25. According to the laws of gyratory flow, said
expanding sheet compresses the sheet that surrounds it and that
flows out through annular orifice 10 and tube 26. In order to
avoid parasitic entrainments, it is advantageous to give also to
orifice 25 an annular shape by means of a deflector 27, along
which the inner sheet flows before reaching tube 28. To sum up,
tube 28 serves to the outflow of a portion of the fluid that is
cooled by expansion with production of external work and tube 26
serves to the outflow of the remaining portion of the fluid, which
is heated by compression.
Finally, instead of extracting the initial energy that is
necessary for the working of the apparatus, from a compressed air
reservoir, it may be necessary in some cases to make use of
mechanical energy for imparting a gyratory movement to the fluid
and for giving it the superpressure that is necessary for its flow
through the apparatus. To this effect, I may dispose, in
concentric relation with the stationary blades that control the
inlet of fluid, a plurality of movable blades wbich are
mechanically actuated and are disposed in the same manner as the
rotor of an air fan or of a compressor. -Such an arrangement is
diagrammatically shown in Fig. 14 in which the initial energy of
the fluid is not due to a preliminary compression in a separate
apparatus but is imparted thereto in the apparatus itself by means
of a rotor with blades 29 which is mechanically driven by a shaft
30.
In this embodiment all the other parts are disposed in the same
manner as in the apparatus of Fig. 1, with the exception of
deflector 27 which is replaced by an annular body 31 extending
along the whole length of chamber A B, which is preferable when
the diameter of the latter is relatively large.
While I have described what I deem to be preferred embodiments of
my invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to
be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the
arrangement, disposition and form of the parts without departing
from the principle of my invention. It will be understood that it
is advantageous to reduce the interchanges of heat between the
various parts and between said parts and the outside by means of
suitable heat insulating arrangements. Finally the adjustment
1,952,281.
of the difference of temperature between the hot sheet of fluid
and the cold sheet may be obtained by modifying the ratio of the
flows of the hot and cold fluids to the initial flow, which may be
produced by modifying the sections or the inlet or outlet pressure
of one of the three currents of fluid. In particular, in order to
increase the temperature of the hot sheet, I may restrict the
section left by diaphragm 9 for the outlet of said sheet or reduce
the rate of flow by means of a valve disposed on the outlet pipe
for the outflow of the heat fluid, or increase the initial
pressure of the fluid admitted into the apparatus or again act on
the section or the pressure at the outlet of the cold sheet.
EP2107321 [ PDF ]
Method of controlling a device comprising
Hilsch-Ranque vortex tubes
Abstract
The method involves blocking an expulsion orifice at an end of a
Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube (24) by a tapered relief valve, so that
a fraction of injected compressed air forming an incoming hot air
stream is expelled outside a chamber (12) while another fraction
of the air stream is reflected towards another end of the tube.
The tapered relief valve is preset, so that the fractions of the
air stream are constant during control operation, and injection
pressure of the compressed air is controlled, where the compressed
air is supplied to the tube by an air accumulator (30) i.e.
cylinder. An independent claim is also included for a device for
controlling an air conditioning device or refrigeration
cooling/heating device in a sealed enclosure in a motor vehicle.
US3672179 [ PDF ]
GAS LIQUIFACTION
Abstract
A gas under pressure enters a single counter-flow heat exchanger
having a high pressure entrance side and a low pressure exhaust
side, the gas from the high pressure side being connected in
parallel to a number of Ranque tubes in which the gas expands. The
hot and cold streams from the tubes are connected along the length
of the low pressure side of the heat exchanger to progressively
cool gas in the high pressure side until a small percentage of the
gas can be flashed to liquid for storage.
DE4208799 [ PDF ]
Cold treatment of human and animal body parts - by means of
appts. supplying cold dry gas to affected body part
Abstract
Appts. (I) for the medical cold treatment of human or animal body
parts contains a tube (vortex- or Hilsch tube) connected to an
outlet for the cold gas surrounded by a funnel. The funnel is
covered by an airpermeable and water absorbent material. Pref. the
funnel (5) is covered with an inner water absorbing and an outer
water repellant layer that are bound to a multilayer textile (6).
The material covering is pref. detachable from the funnel rim. The
funnel is detachable from the vortex tube (1) and is made fro
either a hard material such as metal or plastic or from a flexible
material such as silicone rubber or rubber. The material coverin
gthe funnel opening has elastic properties and additionally is
covered by an air permeable foam or mesh layer. The water
absorbing material is composed of cotton and/or modified acrylate
and the water repellant material is composed of polyamide,
polyester or propylene. USE/ADVANTAGE - Use of (I) allows a
physically therapeutic cooling of body parts without unpleasant
sensation by the application of a dry coldness in an exact and
reproducible manner. (I) may be used with compressed air thereby
eliminating the hazards of toxic gas inhalation and flammability.
GB405781 [ PDF ]
An improved method and apparatus for heating and cooling
fluids
Abstract
A current of fluid under pressure is directed with a rotary
motion along the inner surface of a cylinder 12, Figs. 9, 10, and
the outer layer of fluid, which is heated by compression due to
centrifugal action is drawn off through an annular orifice 10 at
one end of the cylinder, while the inner layer, which is cooled by
expansion, is deflected and drawn off at the other end of the
cylinder. In modifications the tangential inlet passages
7<a> are replaced by rotating or stationary helical vanes
23, Fig. 13, and the cooled layer of fluid is withdrawn through an
annular opening 25 concentric with outlet 10 for the hot layer.
JPS5934402 [ PDF ]
ROTOR DEVICE OF STEAM TURBINE
Abstract
PURPOSE:To provide a cooling means without causing any
possibility of decreasing stage performance further without
causing any possibility of inducing a problem of strain and
strength due to the unevenness of temperature distribution, by
constituting a vortex tube in a space in the shaft center of a
turbine rotor. CONSTITUTION:A part of working fluid is allowed to
flow into a chamber 25 from a nozzle 16 opened to a root part in
the downstream side of a disc 8 holding a moving blade 7 in the
second stage, and the fluid of low temperature in the center part
of a shaft is allowed to flow through an orifice plate 15 and
isolated to a chamber 26, while the fluid of high temperature in
the peripheral side is left in the chamber 25. The high
temperature fluid 23 is fluidized to heat the internal part of a
turbine rotor 9 and released to the outside via a discharge hole
17 at the high temperature side, while the low temperature fluid
24 is fluidized while cooling the internal part of the turbine
rotor 9 and discharged to the outside from a discharge hole 18 at
the low temperature side.
US3831430 [ PDF ]
DEVICE FOR MEASURING DENSITY AND DEW POINT OF A GAS
Abstract
This invention uses a vortex tube or Hilsch tube in combination
with a thermocouple to determine the apparent molecular weight or
density of a gas mixture and the dew point of the gas mixture. The
thermocouple has a flat planar configuration with one side highly
polished for accurately indicating the dew point. The cold gas
which is extracted from the Hilsch tube is used to cool the
polished thermocouple until frost or dew is formed on the
thermocouple. This indicates the dew point of the gas surrounding
the polished surface of the thermocouple. The temperature of the
thermocouple continues to drop until it indicates the exhaust
temperature of the cold gas from the Hilsch tube. This output
temperature is a function of the pressure and temperature of the
incoming gas and the density of the gas. Thus if the incoming gas
temperature and pressure are held constant the exhaust gas
temperature is a function of the density of the gas mixture.
US2009241555
[ PDF ]
METHOD OF CONTROLLING A DEVICE INCLUDING HILSCH-RANQUE VORTEX
TUBES
Abstract
A method of controlling a device for air conditioning (80) or
cooling by refrigeration (10) or heating the interior of a sealed
chamber (12), the device (10, 80) including at least one
compressed air source (16, 30) which supplies at least one
Hilsch-Ranque tube (24), called "vortex" tube, with compressed air
at an injection pressure (Pinj), is characterized in that a
tapered relief valve (48) of the tube (24) is preset so that the
first (FC) and second (FF) fractions of cold and hot air are
constant while the method is running and in that it includes a
step (E3, C4) for controlling the compressed air injection
pressure (Pinj). A device for implementing such a method is also
described.
WO9624808 [ PDF ]
COOLING SYSTEM
Abstract
The system comprises a heat exchanger (WT), a pressure-relief
valve (D), a separator (S) and a cooling vortex tube (KWR), i.e. a
Ranque and Hilsch vortex tube supplemented by a separate hot flow
cooler (WK) and a hot flow return line (WR) with a regulating
valve (RV2). These components are arranged relative to one another
such that a flow of compressed fluid, i.e. liquid, mixed
liquid-vaporized or vaporized, working medium which arrives at
ambient temperature is expanded exothermically, i.e. releasing
heat into its environment, forming a liquid-vapour mixture or a
vapour. The working medium can be a pure substance or a mixture of
substances.
WO2005113741 [ PDF ]
VORTEX TUBE THERMOCYCLER
Abstract
A thermal cycling apparatus (10) utilizes hot and cold gas
streams produced from pressurized gas being passed through a
Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube (20) to efficiently and rapidly cycle
samples (70) (i.e., DNA+Primer+Polymerse) between the
denaturation, annealing, and elongation temperatures of the PCR
process. The samples (70) are disposed within a reaction chamber
(40) that, through connection with a vortex tube (20), allows the
gas to contact the samples (70). The temperature of the gas that
is allowed to contact the samples (70) is controlled by a valving
system (30) being connected with the vortex tube (20) and the
reaction chamber (40). The valving system (30) controls the flow
of cold gas into the reaction chamber (40) where it is mixed with
the hot gas to establish the different temperatures required for
the denaturation, annealing, and elongation steps of the cycle.
WO2013095176 [ PDF ]
AIR CONDITIONER
Abstract
The air conditioner relates to air-conditioning systems using
vortex tubes and comprises the following, mounted in a housing: a
compressed-air blower (2), a vortex tube (4), a vortex disperser
(6), a vortex contact evaporator (5), a vortex humidifier (7), a
water container (8) and a piping system (12) with distributing
valves (13 - 16), said system providing for appropriate connection
of the above-mentioned components. The air conditioner can
additionally also comprise an ionizer (27) and a heat exchanger
(9) with a fan (10). A process for cooling the air conditionable
in such an air conditioner is divided into two processes: cooling
by using the Ranque-Hilsch effect in the vortex tube (4) and
additionally by endothermically evaporating a finely dispersed
liquid in the vortex contact evaporator (5) and in the vortex
humidifier (7), which, by reducing the volume of air in both the
evaporator and the humidifier and intensifying the heat-exchange
processes, makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the
cooling process as a whole.
WO2014163523 [ PDF ]
RADIATION-WAVE CRACKING METHOD AND REACTOR FOR SAME
Abstract
The processing of petroleum and petroleum products involves the
spraying thereof in a gas vortex flow formed in the peripheral
near-wall portion of a cylindrical reactor with the occurrence of
the Ranque effect, and subjecting the vortex flows to an ionizing
radiation of accelerated electrons and to super-high frequency
electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the near-axis vortex flow
and, partially, the near-wall vortex flow are guide
CA1014077 [ PDF ]
PRESSURE REGULATING REFRIGERATIVE AIR DRYER SYSTEM
US3208229 [
PDF ]
Vortex tube
US5682749 [
PDF ]
Critical temperature control with vortex cooling
Abstract
Variations in the air outlet temperature of a vortex cooler which
varies with the inlet temperature and pressure are maintained
within precise limits by a thermocouple electrically connected to
a feedback loop which controls the vortex inlet air pressure in
response to the signal from the thermocouple. A pneumatic inlet
air control valve, along with a microprocessor based
transmitter/controller and an I/P Converter pneumatically
connected to the vortex inlet air control valve comprise the
feedback loop. This maintains the cold air outlet temperature of
the cooler within one degree of the desired temperature, despite
fluctuations in the inlet air pressure and temperature.
US4302949 [
PDF ]
Refrigeration and heating system
Abstract
A turbine assembly 100 is disclosed for dividing a stream of
gaseous working fluid into two streams, one stream having a higher
temperature than the other. A heating and refrigeration system
incorporating the turbine assembly 100 is also disclosed.
US3165149 [
PDF ]
Temperature control system
US4646524 [
PDF ]
Method of intensifying heat in reversed Rankine cycle and
reversed Rankine cycle apparatus for conducting the same
Abstract
A reversed Rankine cycle system, wherein a vortex tube is disposed
between the compressor and the condenser in a reversed Rankine
cycle, the superheated vapors of coolant at a high pressure
discharged from the compressor are taken out while separating them
by the vortex tube into higher and lower temperature components
through energy separation to render most of the portion thereof
into superheated vapors of coolant at a higher temperature and the
remaining portions into vapors of coolant at a lower temperature
respectively, and the superheated vapors of coolant separated to
the higher temperature side are introduced into the circuit on the
higher temperature side of the condenser and condensated therein,
while the vapors of coolant separated to the lower temperature
side are recycled to the system, of the cycle, preferably, to the
circuit on the lower temperature side of the condenser. Heat may
be supplied from the atmospheric air or from the compressor to the
vapors of coolant from the lower temperature side of the vortex
tube or, in the case where the temperature of the coolant on the
lower temperature side is high, excess heat may be recovered
therefrom by a heat exchanger for heat absorption.
GB945252 [
PDF ]
Improvements in or relating to method and apparatus for
cooling utilizing a vortex tube
Abstract
A vortex tube has its inlet connected to atmosphere and its
outlets connected to one or more suction-producing devices so that
it operates at sub-atmospheric pressure. At least the cold outlet
is connected to the suction inlet of an I.C. engine through a heat
exchanger. As shown in Fig. 1, ambient air flows to inlet 30
through air-cleaner 50 and also through control valve 29 to the
carburetter 27 of a petrol engine 20 having two suction pipes 22,
23 the latter being connected to the carburetter and the former
being connected through heat exchanger 26 with the cold outlet 24
of the vortex tube. Cooling air for the passenger space of the
vehicle driven by the engine may be blown over the heat exchanger.
The hot outlet 28 of the tube is also connected to the inlet of
the carburetter. If the engine be diesel, it has three suction
pipes connected directly to ambient air, to the hot outlet of the
tube, and to the cold outlet via the heat exchanger. In a
modification, the cold outlet is connected to the intake of an
I.C. engine driving a suction-producing device the inlet of which
is connected to the hot outlet of the tube.
rexresearch.com